1 00:00:02,160 --> 00:00:04,840 Now, how can we share the finished, 2 00:00:04,840 --> 00:00:06,720 the built images then? 3 00:00:06,720 --> 00:00:08,640 If you inspect your images, 4 00:00:08,640 --> 00:00:11,230 you can see them with Docker images 5 00:00:11,230 --> 00:00:13,320 but where do you find them? 6 00:00:13,320 --> 00:00:16,323 Where are the actual image files? 7 00:00:17,230 --> 00:00:19,670 Well, we're not going to look for files 8 00:00:19,670 --> 00:00:21,410 and send those around. 9 00:00:21,410 --> 00:00:25,460 Instead, Docker has built-in commands for sharing images 10 00:00:25,460 --> 00:00:28,440 because this is a key mechanism of Docker. 11 00:00:28,440 --> 00:00:31,090 Hence it's very convenient to do that. 12 00:00:31,090 --> 00:00:32,830 And when we wanna share images, 13 00:00:32,830 --> 00:00:35,930 there are two main places 14 00:00:35,930 --> 00:00:39,130 where we can push our images to. 15 00:00:39,130 --> 00:00:40,860 That would be Docker Hub 16 00:00:40,860 --> 00:00:45,696 or alternatively, any private registry of your choice. 17 00:00:45,696 --> 00:00:50,630 Docker Hub is simply the official Docker image registry 18 00:00:50,630 --> 00:00:53,800 but there thousands of other services out there, 19 00:00:53,800 --> 00:00:56,750 which also know how to handle incoming images 20 00:00:56,750 --> 00:01:00,720 and which can be used to store and distribute images. 21 00:01:00,720 --> 00:01:03,510 We'll see more of that private registry stuff 22 00:01:03,510 --> 00:01:06,463 in action later once we dive into deployment. 23 00:01:07,310 --> 00:01:10,100 For the moment, however, I'll stick to Docker Hub 24 00:01:10,100 --> 00:01:12,460 because it's also free to use. 25 00:01:12,460 --> 00:01:14,900 At least, you can get started for free. 26 00:01:14,900 --> 00:01:18,740 I recommend the pricing page on hub.docker.com. 27 00:01:18,740 --> 00:01:21,680 There you can find out what's free and what's not 28 00:01:21,680 --> 00:01:25,830 and this Free plan has all the features we need here. 29 00:01:25,830 --> 00:01:29,640 So we can absolutely go with that Free plan for the moment. 30 00:01:29,640 --> 00:01:31,490 And hence, you can already go ahead 31 00:01:31,490 --> 00:01:33,600 and sign up with Docker Hub, 32 00:01:33,600 --> 00:01:37,030 create a free account and choose that free plan 33 00:01:37,030 --> 00:01:38,970 to follow along with me 34 00:01:38,970 --> 00:01:40,230 in the next minutes 35 00:01:41,090 --> 00:01:44,570 because we'll use this official Docker Image Registry 36 00:01:44,570 --> 00:01:47,370 to store our images there. 37 00:01:47,370 --> 00:01:51,210 Now, you can store public or private images there. 38 00:01:51,210 --> 00:01:54,720 And you have these official images like Node and Python, 39 00:01:54,720 --> 00:01:57,010 which you can't add just like this. 40 00:01:57,010 --> 00:01:59,990 They have to be validated and verified officially 41 00:01:59,990 --> 00:02:01,720 but you can bring your own images 42 00:02:01,720 --> 00:02:04,620 and you can control whether everyone is able 43 00:02:04,620 --> 00:02:08,579 to see and use them or whether you wanna restrict usage. 44 00:02:08,579 --> 00:02:10,728 Now, for private registries, 45 00:02:10,728 --> 00:02:13,730 as I said, there are many providers out there. 46 00:02:13,730 --> 00:02:15,270 You can use any provider 47 00:02:15,270 --> 00:02:18,260 that supports Docker images so to say 48 00:02:18,260 --> 00:02:19,660 and there, it then of course, 49 00:02:19,660 --> 00:02:22,270 depends on the provider you're using, 50 00:02:22,270 --> 00:02:24,750 whether everyone is able to see these images 51 00:02:24,750 --> 00:02:26,930 or if it's just you and your team. 52 00:02:26,930 --> 00:02:28,923 That really depends on the provider. 53 00:02:29,830 --> 00:02:32,790 Either way, no matter if you use Docker Hub 54 00:02:32,790 --> 00:02:34,800 or some other provider, 55 00:02:34,800 --> 00:02:37,660 you will be able to share images 56 00:02:37,660 --> 00:02:40,900 by pushing them onto that registry, 57 00:02:40,900 --> 00:02:42,370 so onto Docker Hub 58 00:02:42,370 --> 00:02:45,120 or any other provider and you're then able 59 00:02:45,120 --> 00:02:47,790 to use them, for example, a team member 60 00:02:47,790 --> 00:02:50,890 of yours would be able to use your pushed image 61 00:02:50,890 --> 00:02:55,060 by executing the docker pull command. 62 00:02:55,060 --> 00:02:58,440 Now, important, if you just push and pull 63 00:02:58,440 --> 00:03:01,300 with a regular image repository name, 64 00:03:01,300 --> 00:03:04,010 then this will automatically go to Docker Hub. 65 00:03:04,010 --> 00:03:06,890 If you wanna push or pull to a private registry, 66 00:03:06,890 --> 00:03:08,920 so to any other provider, 67 00:03:08,920 --> 00:03:10,720 you have to include the host, 68 00:03:10,720 --> 00:03:15,070 so the URL of that provider in your push and pull commands. 69 00:03:15,070 --> 00:03:17,640 But again, that is something we'll tackle later 70 00:03:17,640 --> 00:03:19,770 and that's also something which you'll find 71 00:03:19,770 --> 00:03:24,770 in the documentation of whichever provider you're using. 72 00:03:24,950 --> 00:03:27,890 Usage with Docker Hub is extra simple though, 73 00:03:27,890 --> 00:03:29,820 so that's what we're going to do now. 74 00:03:29,820 --> 00:03:33,193 We're going to share our image through Docker Hub. 75 00:03:34,140 --> 00:03:36,100 For that again, make sure you sign up 76 00:03:36,100 --> 00:03:37,680 and you do have an account. 77 00:03:37,680 --> 00:03:39,590 And once you are signed in, 78 00:03:39,590 --> 00:03:41,550 if you wanna share an image, 79 00:03:41,550 --> 00:03:43,730 you can go to repositories 80 00:03:43,730 --> 00:03:46,488 and then click on Create Repository. 81 00:03:46,488 --> 00:03:50,600 Because a shared image is in the end just a repository. 82 00:03:50,600 --> 00:03:52,780 So if you hear the term repository, 83 00:03:52,780 --> 00:03:54,153 I'm talking about an image. 84 00:03:55,530 --> 00:03:58,940 Now, here, you can give this repository any name 85 00:03:58,940 --> 00:04:00,300 of your choice. 86 00:04:00,300 --> 00:04:02,820 Now, let's say we wanna share this node-app 87 00:04:02,820 --> 00:04:04,760 from the last assignment, 88 00:04:04,760 --> 00:04:07,070 which in the end was just a well, 89 00:04:07,070 --> 00:04:09,570 dummy Hello, World-like app 90 00:04:09,570 --> 00:04:12,010 where I just output some message. 91 00:04:12,010 --> 00:04:15,533 Then we could name this node-hello-world. 92 00:04:16,690 --> 00:04:18,519 This name is up to you. 93 00:04:18,519 --> 00:04:21,339 Now, you can also add a description if you want to 94 00:04:21,339 --> 00:04:25,263 and you can choose whether it should be public or private. 95 00:04:25,263 --> 00:04:26,890 Now, in the Free plan, 96 00:04:26,890 --> 00:04:30,030 you have only one private repository available 97 00:04:30,030 --> 00:04:31,400 and therefore, I will turn this 98 00:04:31,400 --> 00:04:33,690 into a public repository here, 99 00:04:33,690 --> 00:04:36,930 which means anyone can download it. 100 00:04:36,930 --> 00:04:38,670 Of course, you should therefore ensure 101 00:04:38,670 --> 00:04:40,630 that your shared application 102 00:04:40,630 --> 00:04:44,160 doesn't expose any security-relevant data 103 00:04:44,160 --> 00:04:45,433 or anything like that. 104 00:04:46,370 --> 00:04:48,230 So public it is. 105 00:04:48,230 --> 00:04:49,380 That's my name. 106 00:04:49,380 --> 00:04:51,740 I need no build settings here 107 00:04:51,740 --> 00:04:54,188 and therefore, I can click Create. 108 00:04:54,188 --> 00:04:57,503 And this now creates a new repository. 109 00:04:58,410 --> 00:05:01,600 Obviously, our repository, which is empty right now, 110 00:05:01,600 --> 00:05:05,010 because we never pushed any image to it. 111 00:05:05,010 --> 00:05:07,850 It shows us the command we can use for that though, 112 00:05:07,850 --> 00:05:09,080 this one here. 113 00:05:09,080 --> 00:05:12,090 Docker push and so on. 114 00:05:12,090 --> 00:05:15,500 So here we can use docker push and copy that, 115 00:05:15,500 --> 00:05:16,943 except for the tag name. 116 00:05:17,830 --> 00:05:19,780 Copy this command. 117 00:05:19,780 --> 00:05:23,773 Go back to our local environment and run it. 118 00:05:24,810 --> 00:05:27,600 And what you'll notice is that this tells you 119 00:05:27,600 --> 00:05:30,130 that you're referring to a repository, 120 00:05:30,130 --> 00:05:32,990 which does not exist locally. 121 00:05:32,990 --> 00:05:34,010 And that's important. 122 00:05:34,010 --> 00:05:36,230 It doesn't exist locally. 123 00:05:36,230 --> 00:05:37,500 And that makes sense. 124 00:05:37,500 --> 00:05:40,100 We created it here in Docker Hub 125 00:05:40,100 --> 00:05:44,030 but how would our local setup know about this? 126 00:05:44,030 --> 00:05:47,300 Well, letting Docker know about it is simple. 127 00:05:47,300 --> 00:05:48,870 It might look strange 128 00:05:48,870 --> 00:05:52,660 but you simply need to give your image this name. 129 00:05:52,660 --> 00:05:55,760 So the name which you might have used anyways 130 00:05:55,760 --> 00:05:59,860 but then prefixed with your Docker ID, 131 00:05:59,860 --> 00:06:02,160 which in my case is academind. 132 00:06:02,160 --> 00:06:04,350 You picked that during signup. 133 00:06:04,350 --> 00:06:07,800 So basically, this here needs to be your image name, 134 00:06:07,800 --> 00:06:09,533 including that slash. 135 00:06:09,533 --> 00:06:14,130 So therefore, if I have a look at all my images here, 136 00:06:14,130 --> 00:06:17,290 I want to turn this node-demo image 137 00:06:17,290 --> 00:06:20,630 into the image that should be pushed to Docker Hub. 138 00:06:20,630 --> 00:06:23,260 And we can do this in two ways. 139 00:06:23,260 --> 00:06:25,870 We can go into the node-app folder 140 00:06:25,870 --> 00:06:27,870 and build this image again 141 00:06:27,870 --> 00:06:32,143 with a tag of academind/node-hello-world. 142 00:06:33,560 --> 00:06:34,690 This would work. 143 00:06:34,690 --> 00:06:38,443 It would create a new image with that correct name. 144 00:06:39,350 --> 00:06:41,150 But if we already got the image, 145 00:06:41,150 --> 00:06:42,350 which we wanna use, 146 00:06:42,350 --> 00:06:44,390 we can also reuse that 147 00:06:44,390 --> 00:06:46,340 because Docker has a command, 148 00:06:46,340 --> 00:06:49,010 which we can use for renaming, 149 00:06:49,010 --> 00:06:51,610 for retagging images. 150 00:06:51,610 --> 00:06:54,300 And that's the docker tag command. 151 00:06:54,300 --> 00:06:56,180 It takes two arguments. 152 00:06:56,180 --> 00:06:58,880 The old name, in this case, node-demo, 153 00:06:58,880 --> 00:07:00,550 and the new name. 154 00:07:00,550 --> 00:07:01,710 To be precise, 155 00:07:01,710 --> 00:07:06,710 we can also specify the full tag here, node-demo:latest. 156 00:07:07,110 --> 00:07:09,290 And then the new name or tag, 157 00:07:09,290 --> 00:07:12,953 which in this case is academind/node-hello-world. 158 00:07:14,130 --> 00:07:17,040 And if we want, we can add a tag here as well 159 00:07:17,040 --> 00:07:20,113 or we omit it and we go just with the name. 160 00:07:21,360 --> 00:07:22,990 If I now hit Enter, 161 00:07:22,990 --> 00:07:25,240 and then docker images again, 162 00:07:25,240 --> 00:07:29,213 we can see that now we've got this new image here. 163 00:07:30,080 --> 00:07:32,350 And it's essentially a clone of the old image, 164 00:07:32,350 --> 00:07:34,820 which also exists and that's important. 165 00:07:34,820 --> 00:07:36,850 When you rename an image, 166 00:07:36,850 --> 00:07:38,800 you don't get rid of the old image. 167 00:07:38,800 --> 00:07:42,360 Instead, you kind of create a clone of the old image, 168 00:07:42,360 --> 00:07:44,563 a clone with that name, which you need. 169 00:07:46,380 --> 00:07:51,340 And with that, if we try pushing again, 170 00:07:51,340 --> 00:07:53,140 now this works 171 00:07:53,140 --> 00:07:56,180 and you see that it starts pushing. 172 00:07:56,180 --> 00:07:57,320 However, you also see 173 00:07:57,320 --> 00:08:00,692 that here I've got an access denied message. 174 00:08:00,692 --> 00:08:02,730 And this makes sense. 175 00:08:02,730 --> 00:08:06,990 This repository is owned by me, by my company, Academind. 176 00:08:06,990 --> 00:08:10,600 I don't want anyone to start pushing there. 177 00:08:10,600 --> 00:08:13,000 Instead, that should only be possible 178 00:08:13,000 --> 00:08:15,650 if you own this account. 179 00:08:15,650 --> 00:08:19,460 And my local Docker command does, of course, not know 180 00:08:19,460 --> 00:08:24,460 if I'm in any way related to this Academind Docker ID here. 181 00:08:25,070 --> 00:08:27,150 So to establish a connection, 182 00:08:27,150 --> 00:08:29,630 we can run docker login. 183 00:08:29,630 --> 00:08:32,950 And you don't need to run this every time you then try 184 00:08:32,950 --> 00:08:34,270 to push thereafter. 185 00:08:34,270 --> 00:08:36,010 Instead, you need to run this once 186 00:08:36,010 --> 00:08:38,140 and you will stay logged in. 187 00:08:38,140 --> 00:08:40,960 There, of course, also is a logout command 188 00:08:40,960 --> 00:08:43,023 in case you ever wanna log out. 189 00:08:44,070 --> 00:08:46,339 But here, we need docker login 190 00:08:46,339 --> 00:08:50,210 and now this asks us for our Docker ID, 191 00:08:50,210 --> 00:08:52,470 which in my case is academind. 192 00:08:52,470 --> 00:08:55,123 And then the password, which I'll quickly enter. 193 00:08:56,280 --> 00:08:58,300 Side note, you don't see the characters 194 00:08:58,300 --> 00:08:59,640 whilst you're typing here. 195 00:08:59,640 --> 00:09:00,993 That's totally normal. 196 00:09:02,220 --> 00:09:03,280 Once I hit Enter, 197 00:09:03,280 --> 00:09:06,050 this logs me in, it succeeded. 198 00:09:06,050 --> 00:09:08,540 And now I can try pushing again. 199 00:09:08,540 --> 00:09:10,380 So now doing this again, 200 00:09:10,380 --> 00:09:11,910 this time it succeeds 201 00:09:11,910 --> 00:09:16,000 and now it pushes this image to Docker Hub 202 00:09:16,000 --> 00:09:19,090 into the repository I created before. 203 00:09:19,090 --> 00:09:21,460 So let's wait for that to finish. 204 00:09:21,460 --> 00:09:23,260 Here it is, it's done. 205 00:09:23,260 --> 00:09:26,330 Side note, it also pushes in a very smart way. 206 00:09:26,330 --> 00:09:29,170 It does not upload my entire image, 207 00:09:29,170 --> 00:09:31,120 which is pretty big. 208 00:09:31,120 --> 00:09:34,870 That would have, here we have a line split 209 00:09:34,870 --> 00:09:38,330 but it has around 950 megabytes. 210 00:09:38,330 --> 00:09:40,270 It's not uploading all of that. 211 00:09:40,270 --> 00:09:43,240 Instead, it, for example, sees that we're relying 212 00:09:43,240 --> 00:09:44,760 on the node image 213 00:09:44,760 --> 00:09:47,080 and that already is on Docker Hub, 214 00:09:47,080 --> 00:09:50,100 so it establishes a connection to that node image 215 00:09:50,100 --> 00:09:52,810 and only pushes the extra code it needs, 216 00:09:52,810 --> 00:09:55,070 only the extra information 217 00:09:55,070 --> 00:09:57,380 and not the entire node image again. 218 00:09:57,380 --> 00:09:58,740 So that's pretty nice. 219 00:09:58,740 --> 00:10:01,240 Saves some space on Docker Hub 220 00:10:01,240 --> 00:10:03,363 and it saves us some bandwidth. 221 00:10:04,630 --> 00:10:06,610 With that, if we go back to Docker Hub 222 00:10:06,610 --> 00:10:08,123 and reload this page, 223 00:10:09,670 --> 00:10:11,870 so this hello-world repository, 224 00:10:11,870 --> 00:10:13,890 we see that we did push now 225 00:10:13,890 --> 00:10:16,650 and we see all the tags we pushed 226 00:10:16,650 --> 00:10:20,530 and latest was the tag that's created automatically 227 00:10:20,530 --> 00:10:23,090 if we didn't set a tag manually. 228 00:10:23,090 --> 00:10:26,610 And of course, if we pushed multiple different tags 229 00:10:26,610 --> 00:10:28,610 with the same repository name, 230 00:10:28,610 --> 00:10:32,450 they would all show up here in this tags list. 231 00:10:32,450 --> 00:10:33,830 So that's something we, of course, 232 00:10:33,830 --> 00:10:37,930 could do to have multiple tags within the same repository. 233 00:10:37,930 --> 00:10:39,270 That is what the Python 234 00:10:39,270 --> 00:10:42,223 and the Node repositories did, for example.