WEBVTT 00:00.000 --> 00:00.420 Hello, guys. 00:00.420 --> 00:01.350 Welcome to the video. 00:01.350 --> 00:03.990 Uh, in this section, we're going to work on camera. 00:03.990 --> 00:09.030 I just want to explain how camera works, how you can use the camera, how you can set up dynamic camera. 00:09.030 --> 00:11.850 Also, I want to show you a couple of tricks to improve game feel. 00:11.850 --> 00:15.360 And in general, I think it's a good knowledge to know how to work with camera. 00:15.360 --> 00:17.160 We're going to use Cinemachine in this project. 00:17.160 --> 00:24.630 We need to go to Window Package Manager and in unity registry we need to find Cinemachine. 00:27.890 --> 00:28.670 There it is. 00:28.670 --> 00:30.200 So I'm going to just install it. 00:30.200 --> 00:32.780 It will take a couple of seconds, but not that long. 00:40.410 --> 00:47.250 Now we can go to one of the scenes, one of the levels, let's say level one, and we're going to set 00:47.250 --> 00:48.060 up camera here. 00:48.060 --> 00:49.980 I'm going to explain how it's going to work. 00:50.660 --> 00:53.120 So now let's add the camera. 00:53.120 --> 00:58.460 We're going to click create button Cinemachine targeted cameras to the camera. 00:58.760 --> 00:59.630 Very nice. 00:59.630 --> 01:00.830 So now we've got the camera. 01:00.830 --> 01:07.280 And before I explain any settings on the camera you should know that settings is usually overwritten 01:07.280 --> 01:10.370 on the main camera by the Cinemachine camera. 01:11.890 --> 01:17.980 So now, no matter what you do on the main camera, the Cinemachine camera will control the main camera 01:17.980 --> 01:21.460 and you need to do changes over here if you want them to work. 01:21.460 --> 01:24.160 There are some settings that can be changed. 01:24.160 --> 01:29.980 For example this one over here, but we don't really need to use it, so I guess that's irrelevant. 01:32.200 --> 01:32.770 All right. 01:32.770 --> 01:35.200 So main camera is controlled by the Cinemachine. 01:35.200 --> 01:37.180 But what is cinemachine itself? 01:37.420 --> 01:42.340 Well, uh, it may be, by the way, that your lens size is a bit different than mine. 01:42.340 --> 01:44.260 Just make sure you set it to what you want. 01:44.260 --> 01:48.580 And as example, I want to set value to six just like that. 01:48.940 --> 01:52.390 Now we also need to focus camera on the player. 01:52.390 --> 01:55.840 And for that we need to drag player to this field over here. 01:55.840 --> 01:57.010 Track and target. 01:57.010 --> 02:04.150 If you use previous version of unity like 22 or 21, you will have it say follow and you just drag your 02:04.150 --> 02:06.610 player to the follow field and it's going to work fine. 02:06.610 --> 02:07.750 Just same as mine. 02:07.750 --> 02:12.430 Now, even like that, with the default settings, we're going to have nice and dynamic camera. 02:12.430 --> 02:17.050 We can run around left and right, and you can see how alive the game feels. 02:17.050 --> 02:19.900 So if you like the look of it, you can just use it like that. 02:19.900 --> 02:21.490 You don't need to change anything. 02:21.490 --> 02:24.310 Personally me, I want to see the entire level. 02:24.310 --> 02:28.750 I want to have more of a precise platformer rather than fast paced platformer. 02:28.750 --> 02:33.280 So I want to set up camera in a way that you can see entire level, plenty of actions, and then do 02:33.280 --> 02:33.880 what you need. 02:33.880 --> 02:35.170 But maybe for you it's different. 02:35.170 --> 02:39.850 So let's talk about Cinemachine camera, and then I'm going to set it as I had before. 02:39.850 --> 02:46.120 The first problem we can see here is that we can see outside of the level, this area over here, I 02:46.120 --> 02:48.520 suppose it's not what we want to have in the game. 02:48.520 --> 02:53.050 So we need to give this camera a limitations to give it a limitation. 02:53.050 --> 02:54.700 We need to make an empty object. 02:54.700 --> 02:56.260 Let's do create empty. 02:56.710 --> 03:00.430 And I'm going to call it Cinemachine limits. 03:00.760 --> 03:01.540 Nice. 03:01.540 --> 03:04.690 Now for the limitations we need to give it a collider. 03:05.020 --> 03:08.980 Um, in the previous versions of unity you should use the Polygon Collider. 03:08.980 --> 03:12.160 So if you have 22 or 21, use Polygon Collider. 03:12.160 --> 03:17.890 If you have later version just like I do, then we can easily use Box Collider 2D. 03:19.650 --> 03:27.630 Let's place it in the center somewhere here, and then we can increase the size of the collider to something 03:27.630 --> 03:30.090 like 25 by 25. 03:30.390 --> 03:35.940 Then we can edit the collider, and this will define what player will be able to see. 03:35.940 --> 03:40.200 Basically, the visible area will be only inside of this collider. 03:40.200 --> 03:43.770 So you just need to decide what the player will see when he plays the game. 03:43.770 --> 03:49.890 I think my player will be able to see this much, so only this area inside of the collider is visible. 03:49.890 --> 03:55.470 Now, before we go ahead and apply this limitations to the camera, we need to disable collision of 03:55.470 --> 03:58.050 this collider with any objects on the level. 03:58.050 --> 04:02.100 We could do it through the layers, but that will take a bit of a time to set up. 04:02.100 --> 04:07.920 So instead I want to just click this trigger over here and now nothing will collide with it unless you 04:07.920 --> 04:09.960 have some specific functionality. 04:10.200 --> 04:18.780 Now let's go ahead to Cinemachine camera and we need to click Add Extension Cinemachine container to 04:18.780 --> 04:19.110 De. 04:19.970 --> 04:24.800 Now we have a new component over here, and this will allow you to limit movements of the camera. 04:25.040 --> 04:28.760 We can go ahead and just take cinemachine limits. 04:29.670 --> 04:32.100 And drag it here to the bounding shape. 04:33.090 --> 04:37.740 Now you'll see a message here, but it's not that important because once we start the game, it's going 04:37.740 --> 04:38.730 to just disappear. 04:38.760 --> 04:40.170 Let's go to play mode. 04:43.240 --> 04:44.380 And there it is. 04:44.410 --> 04:47.290 Now we cannot see what is outside of the level. 04:47.590 --> 04:50.170 And still camera moves as before. 04:50.680 --> 04:51.340 Very nice. 04:51.340 --> 04:52.600 That's just what we need. 04:53.580 --> 04:54.630 Yes. 04:54.630 --> 04:58.620 Now let's talk a bit about settings on this machine over here. 04:58.740 --> 05:00.840 First of all you can click save during play. 05:00.840 --> 05:05.730 So any changes will be applied to the component even when you exit the play mode. 05:06.330 --> 05:10.740 But I'm not going to do it because I want to explain things and then I want to have default settings. 05:10.740 --> 05:11.280 Okay. 05:12.650 --> 05:15.020 Now let's go through the settings one by one. 05:15.860 --> 05:21.050 The most important one, and some are not so important like these two. 05:21.870 --> 05:29.310 Camera distance defines how far your camera is from the object it follows and into deep perspective. 05:29.310 --> 05:31.920 It's not important like it's not relevant. 05:31.920 --> 05:37.320 You can just ignore it because it's only matter for 3D setup. 05:37.320 --> 05:42.000 But we have orthographic view with a 2D camera, so we don't need to worry about this one as well as 05:42.000 --> 05:43.080 the deadzone depth. 05:43.080 --> 05:45.960 Usually it's used for 3D, so just ignore it. 05:45.960 --> 05:51.360 There is also a screen position allows you to move a screen position as you like. 05:53.390 --> 06:00.230 Could be useful for some 2D games, like if you've seen a Cuphead or very old game contra. 06:00.650 --> 06:06.470 They have a view of something like this because you run from left to right, and you need to see all 06:06.470 --> 06:11.360 of the enemies above you in front of you, so you could do some sort of. 06:12.010 --> 06:17.530 Set up like this, and your character is always in the center of this point, so he can always see enemies 06:17.530 --> 06:19.540 in front of him that could be used. 06:19.540 --> 06:24.730 But for the platformer game, I don't think it's really a good idea because you need to see what is 06:24.730 --> 06:26.200 below you when you jump. 06:27.400 --> 06:30.310 So I'm going to set it to zero and zero. 06:31.150 --> 06:33.130 All right, let's talk about something else. 06:33.130 --> 06:33.700 Here. 06:33.700 --> 06:35.560 We have a dead zone. 06:35.560 --> 06:40.570 And that zone just gives a bit of a freedom to the movement of your character. 06:40.570 --> 06:44.620 If you enable it, you'll see a small area around the character. 06:44.620 --> 06:46.930 You can increase the area if you want. 06:49.640 --> 06:51.110 Uh, maybe just like that. 06:52.950 --> 06:56.730 And now when you move, your camera will not move. 06:57.030 --> 06:57.570 I'm sorry. 06:57.570 --> 06:58.890 I moved the position. 06:58.890 --> 06:59.310 Yeah. 06:59.310 --> 07:06.480 So your camera will not move until this yellow dot exits the dead zone area over here. 07:06.480 --> 07:10.740 So you are free to move inside of this area before you apply cameras movement. 07:10.740 --> 07:17.190 Now, if I jump outside of this area and my yellow dot will reach the limits, then I will move the 07:17.190 --> 07:20.010 camera to the left or right, as you can see. 07:20.010 --> 07:21.420 So it could be useful. 07:21.420 --> 07:24.240 For example, you have a character that can do like this. 07:24.600 --> 07:27.180 Then you could just set a very small dead zone. 07:29.100 --> 07:33.300 And it would give you a bit of movement before camera moves, but if you don't have it, you can notice 07:33.300 --> 07:36.570 that camera moves immediately once you do a small step. 07:37.130 --> 07:38.900 Now there is a hard limit. 07:38.900 --> 07:42.260 This one is more of a hard control of the camera. 07:42.290 --> 07:46.970 I'm going to decrease the size as much as I can over here to explain what it does. 07:47.270 --> 07:50.450 So, uh, usually Cinemachine follows. 07:50.450 --> 07:55.010 Not the player itself, but this yellow dot over here, that's what it follows. 07:55.010 --> 08:02.510 And this hard limit area will not allow this yellow dot to exceed the hard limits area. 08:02.510 --> 08:06.710 So now when I move, I, it moves a bit because we don't have a dead zone. 08:06.710 --> 08:12.920 But you can see no matter how hard I try, if my yellow dot reaches the limits, my camera moves immediately. 08:13.870 --> 08:14.680 Right. 08:15.330 --> 08:19.620 Now, of course it did exit the zone, but it's only because camera cannot move forward. 08:19.650 --> 08:24.990 There is a limit of a collider, so that's kind of, uh, um, higher rule here. 08:24.990 --> 08:30.150 But if camera can move freely inside of this area, you can see it follows the rule. 08:30.150 --> 08:33.990 It does not allow this yellow dot to exit the area. 08:35.900 --> 08:36.800 Of hard limits. 08:36.800 --> 08:41.450 And here, for example, again you can see camera is on its limits. 08:41.450 --> 08:42.680 It cannot go further. 08:42.680 --> 08:46.190 But for example, if you disable this container over here. 08:49.560 --> 08:50.040 Like that. 08:50.040 --> 08:51.300 You can see now. 08:54.630 --> 08:57.660 It never allows yellow dot to exit the area. 08:58.430 --> 08:59.090 Okay. 08:59.180 --> 08:59.810 Very good. 08:59.810 --> 09:04.040 Now let's enable container again and let's disable this hard limits. 09:04.370 --> 09:10.430 Now center on active is used when you switch between cameras or when you enable the camera basically 09:10.430 --> 09:11.270 does what it says. 09:11.270 --> 09:14.750 It will center on the object that it needs to follow. 09:15.380 --> 09:17.630 And then there is a target offset. 09:18.630 --> 09:24.720 So target is this yellow dot, and you can move the offset for this yellow dot to what you like. 09:25.050 --> 09:26.850 That's all about personal preference. 09:26.850 --> 09:29.130 And maybe there are some cases when it's needed. 09:29.460 --> 09:38.010 Um, main reason I can think of is 3D view of a third person shooter, for example, because you want 09:38.010 --> 09:43.620 your character to be somewhere here, but you cannot make camera follow the character, right? 09:43.620 --> 09:49.200 You need to make it follow yellow dot that could be moved with the offset. 09:50.830 --> 09:51.490 Yeah. 09:51.490 --> 09:52.840 So that's what it does. 09:52.870 --> 09:56.440 And dumping makes your camera move slower. 09:56.440 --> 10:00.640 So let's just use it and I'll explain how it works. 10:00.640 --> 10:04.840 Let's give it a dumping of 4x4 on x and y. 10:04.840 --> 10:08.080 And now you can see when I move my camera is not so fast anymore. 10:08.080 --> 10:09.730 It moves slower. 10:10.000 --> 10:12.010 So it could be used for some cases. 10:12.070 --> 10:19.000 Mostly I think about some maybe movement in the water or in the mountains where you need the slow movement 10:19.000 --> 10:19.750 of the camera. 10:19.750 --> 10:21.730 That could be done by not. 10:22.580 --> 10:26.570 Um, but again, it's always up to the game design of the game. 10:28.360 --> 10:36.880 Uh, for example, I had a top down shooter project and their camera followed the cross, the aim cross 10:36.880 --> 10:41.050 of the player, not the character itself. 10:41.050 --> 10:46.810 And when player moves his crosshair too fast, it makes it like it makes you feel dizzy. 10:46.810 --> 10:50.170 For that purpose, we can use damping to slow down movement of the camera. 10:50.170 --> 10:52.780 When you try to aim at different sides real quick. 10:52.780 --> 10:56.260 Same could work for 2D top down shooter for example. 10:56.260 --> 11:00.280 So I'm going to set it to one and there is last setting we need to talk about. 11:00.280 --> 11:01.570 It is look ahead. 11:01.570 --> 11:03.370 So if you increase look ahead. 11:03.430 --> 11:10.240 Your camera will try to predict the movement of the character and it will look in front of the player. 11:11.200 --> 11:14.830 Now it is a bit fast and it makes us dizzy again. 11:14.920 --> 11:16.840 Like I cannot understand what is happening. 11:16.840 --> 11:25.120 But if you increase smoothing over here, then it will be much easier to follow and see what is happening. 11:25.820 --> 11:26.090 Okay. 11:26.090 --> 11:29.810 So if you want to have smoothing, you could and you could also ignore why. 11:30.850 --> 11:31.540 And it will do. 11:31.570 --> 11:34.750 Look ahead only on the X, which is also pretty useful. 11:34.840 --> 11:37.240 So these are the settings that are there. 11:37.240 --> 11:40.390 And you can combine them to make the fill that you want. 11:40.390 --> 11:46.600 But for me, for my project and this is what I suggest we do in this game, we will set up view of the 11:46.600 --> 11:47.530 entire level. 11:47.530 --> 11:52.750 So I'm going to go to the lens over here, and I'm going to increase it to something like maybe nine. 11:53.670 --> 11:54.630 Or ten. 11:55.610 --> 11:55.940 Yeah. 11:55.940 --> 11:56.990 Let me try ten. 11:57.230 --> 11:57.890 Okay. 11:58.380 --> 11:59.430 So this is good. 11:59.430 --> 12:00.480 Now I have a camera. 12:00.480 --> 12:02.040 It looks same as before. 12:03.020 --> 12:07.010 And you might ask me, why do we need a new machine if it looks same as before? 12:07.010 --> 12:12.020 And I'm going to answer to you that we're just going to use a couple of nice techniques that we cannot 12:12.020 --> 12:13.730 do without seeing machine so easily. 12:13.730 --> 12:16.220 We're going to do camera shake and camera transition. 12:16.220 --> 12:19.250 And I'm going to show you that in this section. 12:19.250 --> 12:24.350 So let's save the project and let's go to the next video.