WEBVTT 00:00.020 --> 00:05.540 Russia mainly works on three operating systems ubuntu, Mac OS and windows. 00:05.540 --> 00:08.420 And note that I will only use ubuntu for this course. 00:08.420 --> 00:13.910 That's the OS with which you will probably have less problems with the setup, the tools and everything 00:13.910 --> 00:14.360 else. 00:14.360 --> 00:17.690 And as you're just starting with Ross, I advise you to use ubuntu. 00:17.720 --> 00:20.060 Don't make your life more complicated. 00:20.060 --> 00:26.000 I know for some people it works on windows, but you'll probably have lots of issues. 00:26.000 --> 00:29.600 And as you can see, macOS is not even a tier one anymore. 00:29.600 --> 00:32.810 It's tier three, so you cannot really rely on it. 00:32.840 --> 00:41.330 Okay, so here for Ross to Jazzy, you will need to install ubuntu 24.04 if you don't already have it. 00:41.330 --> 00:46.970 So if you already have ubuntu 24 installed on your computer, great, just go ahead and jump to the 00:46.970 --> 00:47.990 next lesson. 00:47.990 --> 00:49.940 If not, then you have two choices. 00:49.940 --> 00:55.160 You can install ubuntu natively with a dual boot or create a virtual machine. 00:55.160 --> 00:58.400 The best overall is to install ubuntu natively. 00:58.400 --> 01:02.720 With this you will be able to follow this course and do all the projects that you want. 01:02.750 --> 01:08.120 If, however, you cannot install ubuntu natively, for example, if you are using a computer from work 01:08.120 --> 01:13.610 and you don't have the permission to install an operating system, then starting with a virtual machine 01:13.610 --> 01:16.760 is okay, at least to learn the Rosetta basics. 01:16.760 --> 01:23.330 So having Linux basics is a prerequisite for this course, meaning that you have probably already installed 01:23.330 --> 01:25.790 ubuntu or something similar in your life. 01:25.790 --> 01:31.190 If not, you can find lots and lots of tutorials online on how to install ubuntu as a dual boot. 01:31.220 --> 01:34.760 The configuration, of course, is going to depend on each one's computer. 01:34.790 --> 01:38.630 Okay, but I really recommend that you do that before continuing. 01:38.630 --> 01:43.400 Now, just in case you are completely stuck, or if you don't have the permission to install a dual 01:43.430 --> 01:49.100 boot, I will show you how to install a virtual machine with ubuntu 24, and that should be enough to 01:49.130 --> 01:51.350 get you started and finish this course. 01:51.350 --> 01:52.670 So let's get to it. 01:52.670 --> 02:01.000 First, you will need to download the ubuntu 24.04 ISO, so you can just type ubuntu 24.04 download 02:01.000 --> 02:08.380 on Google and just go to the ubuntu page, which here you see we have ubuntu 24.04. 02:08.380 --> 02:11.500 And then you might have a dot one or another number here. 02:11.500 --> 02:12.520 It doesn't really matter. 02:12.520 --> 02:15.490 Just make sure you have those numbers here. 02:15.490 --> 02:17.470 And as you can see here we can download. 02:17.470 --> 02:18.940 So I just click on the button. 02:18.940 --> 02:21.580 It's going to download the desktop version. 02:21.580 --> 02:23.980 So I ask you to sign up but you don't need to do it. 02:23.980 --> 02:27.430 You just wait a bit and you see it's starting to download. 02:27.460 --> 02:34.420 Now if you get to the page here and it's not ubuntu 24 and if it's another version, just go back and 02:34.420 --> 02:42.520 you can go to okay, you have a page here which is releases that ubuntu.com. 02:42.760 --> 02:48.220 Just click here and you just go to that page and you can choose well any release you want. 02:48.250 --> 02:53.470 So 24.04 you see and then you have the desktop image that you can download. 02:53.470 --> 02:54.580 It's going to be the same. 02:54.580 --> 02:54.940 Great. 02:54.940 --> 03:00.190 And while this is downloading we can also download VirtualBox. 03:00.190 --> 03:04.750 So VirtualBox is the software that we will install the virtual machine in. 03:04.780 --> 03:11.170 So you just go to the virtualbox.org website and then you have well you can find the download button 03:11.170 --> 03:12.070 somewhere. 03:12.070 --> 03:16.780 And then they ask you well what host you have. 03:16.810 --> 03:21.220 So this is the current operating system that you are using. 03:21.220 --> 03:22.870 So here I'm on Windows. 03:22.870 --> 03:24.250 So I'm going to click on windows. 03:24.250 --> 03:26.830 If you are on macOS you're going to click here. 03:26.830 --> 03:32.560 Well depending on the computer you have you just click on one of those here for windows host I click 03:32.560 --> 03:40.030 here and that's going to download the VirtualBox installer and both the ISO. 03:40.030 --> 03:44.020 So the ubuntu ISO and VirtualBox installer are downloaded now. 03:44.020 --> 03:46.990 So you can see it's almost six gigabytes to download. 03:46.990 --> 03:48.100 It could be quite long. 03:48.100 --> 03:51.970 So make sure that you have a good internet connection speed to download that. 03:52.000 --> 03:58.740 Once you have the two let's install first VirtualBox so you can just run the executable. 03:59.070 --> 04:04.230 Here I have to press yes on a pop up to allow the installer to run. 04:04.260 --> 04:04.770 Okay. 04:04.770 --> 04:07.830 And you will get to a menu like this. 04:07.830 --> 04:09.060 So you click on next. 04:09.090 --> 04:10.590 You accept the terms. 04:10.590 --> 04:14.940 Next you can choose a location here I'm just going to keep the default one. 04:14.970 --> 04:20.730 I click on next and let's install it if it has missing dependencies. 04:20.760 --> 04:22.350 Well you just click on yes. 04:22.350 --> 04:24.630 Then you can modify those if you want. 04:24.660 --> 04:26.070 Next install. 04:26.070 --> 04:27.660 And let's wait a bit. 04:27.930 --> 04:30.780 And when it is installed you just click on finish. 04:30.780 --> 04:34.140 You can start it directly after that if you want. 04:34.590 --> 04:37.980 And you will get to a menu like this. 04:37.980 --> 04:40.680 So here on the left that's going to be empty for you. 04:40.710 --> 04:40.920 Okay. 04:40.950 --> 04:44.100 Those are actually already installed virtual machines before. 04:44.100 --> 04:46.110 So for you it's going to be empty. 04:46.140 --> 04:51.120 Now what we can do is to create a new virtual machine in VirtualBox. 04:51.120 --> 04:55.350 So you click on new here and let's give it a name. 04:55.350 --> 04:57.030 So the name doesn't really matter. 04:57.030 --> 04:58.710 It's just something that you can recognize. 04:58.710 --> 05:03.810 So let's name it ubuntu 24.04, for example. 05:03.840 --> 05:08.700 Ros2 course, then there is a folder where the VirtualBox is going to be installed. 05:08.700 --> 05:10.110 You can change that if you want. 05:10.140 --> 05:13.410 I'm going to leave it by default and then you have the ISO image. 05:13.410 --> 05:15.420 So here we will use. 05:15.420 --> 05:16.830 So that's the one I've just downloaded. 05:16.830 --> 05:18.840 So it may find it automatically. 05:18.840 --> 05:24.360 If not you just well you just browse to find the ISO that you have downloaded. 05:24.360 --> 05:28.350 And then well I just type ubuntu so it recognizes the keyword. 05:28.350 --> 05:30.330 It's going to put Linux and Ubuntu. 05:30.360 --> 05:33.030 You make sure you have Linux and Ubuntu here okay. 05:33.510 --> 05:39.900 With ubuntu 64 bit then you are going to skip unattended installation. 05:39.930 --> 05:40.290 All right. 05:40.320 --> 05:43.230 We're going to make sure to click on this box. 05:43.230 --> 05:47.100 This is a new feature that they have so they can install more stuff for you. 05:47.100 --> 05:50.460 But I have recently tested it and there are still some issues. 05:50.460 --> 05:52.110 So better to skip it. 05:52.110 --> 05:53.880 And we're going to do everything ourselves. 05:53.880 --> 05:56.000 Then you can click on hardware here. 05:56.000 --> 05:59.630 This is going to be the Ram used for the virtual machine. 05:59.660 --> 06:02.630 Now how much Ram to allocate for the VM. 06:02.630 --> 06:05.000 Well depends how much you have on your computer. 06:05.000 --> 06:09.830 Here I have 16GB so I don't need to use two gigabytes. 06:09.830 --> 06:10.880 I can put more. 06:10.910 --> 06:16.970 For example, I could put six giga or maybe up to eight eight gigabytes can be nice. 06:16.970 --> 06:18.500 I would say between 6 and 8. 06:18.530 --> 06:23.090 Now if you have only eight gigabytes of Ram then you're going to put four. 06:23.090 --> 06:28.010 And if you have less than eight gigabytes of Ram, well try some values. 06:28.040 --> 06:28.400 Okay. 06:28.430 --> 06:31.910 Maybe you could go with 2 or 3GB and see if it works. 06:31.940 --> 06:32.300 All right. 06:32.330 --> 06:34.490 You can always change this later on. 06:34.490 --> 06:37.580 So you can change the settings after you have created the VM. 06:37.580 --> 06:38.480 So it's okay. 06:38.480 --> 06:41.420 You can try one value and see if it's too slow or not. 06:41.420 --> 06:45.740 And maybe well if you don't have enough Ram, you might also need to get a better machine. 06:45.740 --> 06:48.800 So that's for the Ram, for the processors, for the CPUs. 06:48.800 --> 06:55.250 Well I have eight CPUs and I'm going to put what I'm going to put four okay I'm going to go all the 06:55.250 --> 06:59.330 way up to the limit here with the green bar and the red. 06:59.330 --> 07:02.930 So I would say just use half of your CPUs. 07:02.930 --> 07:05.780 And then we are going to click on hard disk. 07:05.780 --> 07:09.080 And yes, we are going to create a virtual hard disk. 07:09.080 --> 07:12.590 Now that's going to be where all the files are going to be installed. 07:12.710 --> 07:17.570 This is the location by default and it says 25GB. 07:17.570 --> 07:21.860 I'm going to increase it to well I'm just going to put 35 here. 07:23.150 --> 07:29.930 So I recommend that you use minimum 30 giga okay 30 to 40GB should be enough. 07:29.930 --> 07:33.410 And anyway it's not going to take 35GB right now okay. 07:33.440 --> 07:38.450 It's going to increase as you add more files inside your virtual machine. 07:38.450 --> 07:40.370 So you can put a higher number here. 07:40.370 --> 07:43.640 It's not going to allocate the full size right away. 07:43.640 --> 07:44.000 Good. 07:44.000 --> 07:46.520 And now we can click on finish. 07:46.700 --> 07:49.040 And we have a new virtual machine. 07:49.040 --> 07:51.590 Now before we start I'm going to click. 07:51.590 --> 07:56.550 So select the virtual machine and click on settings, because there are a few things that we want to 07:56.580 --> 07:59.940 modify and that we're not in the installation settings. 07:59.940 --> 08:05.310 So first, as you can see, any time you come back to the settings, you can you see, you can modify 08:05.310 --> 08:07.380 the Ram, you can modify the CPUs. 08:07.380 --> 08:09.990 So those are settings you can change later on. 08:10.080 --> 08:13.800 I'm going to click on well system and then acceleration. 08:13.800 --> 08:17.220 We are going to disable that setting. 08:17.220 --> 08:20.940 Enable nested paging and then on display. 08:20.940 --> 08:24.360 If this is checked you will uncheck it okay. 08:24.390 --> 08:25.950 Enable 3D acceleration. 08:25.950 --> 08:27.150 We don't want to check that. 08:27.150 --> 08:36.420 And for the the video memory we are going to go all the way up to 128MB if possible. 08:36.450 --> 08:36.750 Okay. 08:36.780 --> 08:38.190 So I'm using those settings. 08:38.190 --> 08:44.220 So you can probably avoid unexpected behaviors and problems with the graphical interface in the virtual 08:44.220 --> 08:44.880 machine. 08:44.910 --> 08:52.900 If things are not working correctly when you run the VM, you might go back and maybe check that again. 08:52.930 --> 08:54.490 Maybe the 3D acceleration. 08:54.520 --> 08:54.820 Okay. 08:54.820 --> 08:56.350 It depends really on your machine. 08:56.350 --> 08:56.590 So. 08:56.620 --> 08:57.820 Each machine is different. 08:57.820 --> 08:59.590 You might need to do different settings. 08:59.590 --> 09:04.180 But I would recommend first to start and try with the ones that I just showed you. 09:04.210 --> 09:06.520 Now I click on okay and you can just start. 09:06.520 --> 09:11.380 So you double click or you select it and you start the virtual machine. 09:13.570 --> 09:15.550 And then you have this menu here. 09:15.550 --> 09:17.560 And that's well that's the boot menu. 09:17.590 --> 09:21.400 You can use the up and down arrow keys you see to navigate. 09:21.430 --> 09:24.250 We're just going to choose the first one try or install ubuntu. 09:24.280 --> 09:26.140 You can just press on enter. 09:30.160 --> 09:31.330 So you wait a bit. 09:31.330 --> 09:34.870 You might have some logs like this but you just wait a bit. 09:43.750 --> 09:47.710 And as you can see we get to this startup menu. 09:47.740 --> 09:48.040 Okay. 09:48.070 --> 09:51.730 So you just wait until it is done. 09:51.760 --> 09:52.810 Don't change. 09:52.840 --> 09:54.370 Don't click on anything. 09:55.630 --> 09:58.960 And then we can follow the startup menu. 09:58.960 --> 10:00.370 So choose your language. 10:00.400 --> 10:01.780 I'm going to keep English. 10:01.780 --> 10:03.280 I also recommend you do the same. 10:03.280 --> 10:06.880 So you can follow the same options as me and have the exact same text. 10:06.880 --> 10:10.960 So next what we can skip the accessibility menu. 10:11.830 --> 10:12.670 Next. 10:12.700 --> 10:14.830 Then you get to choose the keyboard layout. 10:14.830 --> 10:19.000 So if you have a standard US English layout you keep this one. 10:19.000 --> 10:21.520 For me, I have to go to the. 10:23.740 --> 10:30.850 French because yes, we do have a different keyboard, so make sure that it corresponds to your keyboard. 10:30.850 --> 10:32.380 And then you click on next. 10:34.570 --> 10:37.630 To connect to the internet we are going to use the wired connection. 10:37.660 --> 10:41.230 Wired connection means that we are just going to use the connection of your host. 10:41.230 --> 10:47.380 So here the windows connection okay so we already have internet. 10:47.380 --> 10:48.910 Then you might see this. 10:48.910 --> 10:51.000 An update is available for the installer. 10:51.000 --> 10:53.760 So if you see that, you just update now. 10:53.760 --> 10:57.180 So you update the installer okay. 10:57.180 --> 11:02.370 You can close the installer and then you will get back to this. 11:02.370 --> 11:08.490 You should see here install ubuntu on the desktop or also here on the menu. 11:08.490 --> 11:10.140 So you just double click. 11:10.800 --> 11:13.800 And if you start the installer again you need to do the steps again. 11:13.800 --> 11:17.400 So English next next. 11:19.290 --> 11:22.200 And let's go to the keyboard layout. 11:22.200 --> 11:30.930 So the French one next also next we are going to choose interactive installation. 11:31.830 --> 11:32.520 Next. 11:32.550 --> 11:34.950 And then what apps would you like to install. 11:34.950 --> 11:39.690 Let's just go with the default selection which is just the essentials okay. 11:39.720 --> 11:43.350 With a web browser we don't need anything else okay. 11:43.350 --> 11:44.520 So click on next. 11:44.550 --> 11:47.490 I recommend you click on that okay. 11:47.520 --> 11:50.820 Install third party software for graphics and Wi-Fi hardware. 11:50.850 --> 11:56.460 Because if you don't do that, maybe you will get an error when you start the virtual machine. 11:56.490 --> 11:56.700 Okay. 11:56.730 --> 12:00.480 Especially if you have an Nvidia graphic cards, which is my case. 12:00.480 --> 12:03.360 So with this you can be sure that you have the correct drivers. 12:03.390 --> 12:05.940 I'm going to leave that one here. 12:05.970 --> 12:07.200 Let's click on next. 12:07.200 --> 12:09.690 And then how do you want to install ubuntu. 12:09.720 --> 12:12.030 So here this is a virtual machine. 12:12.060 --> 12:12.240 Okay. 12:12.270 --> 12:14.460 We have a virtual disk that's empty. 12:14.490 --> 12:17.850 So we're just going to erase the disk and install ubuntu. 12:17.880 --> 12:18.060 Okay. 12:18.090 --> 12:19.650 We don't lose anything. 12:19.650 --> 12:26.400 If you were to install ubuntu as a dual boot you would have an option that is like something like install 12:26.430 --> 12:28.530 ubuntu alongside windows. 12:28.560 --> 12:28.770 Okay. 12:28.800 --> 12:31.020 You would not want to erase the complete disk. 12:31.020 --> 12:34.470 But here for a virtual machine we don't erase anything. 12:34.470 --> 12:40.920 So we're just going to erase the virtual disk and install ubuntu on it next. 12:40.920 --> 12:43.770 And then let's choose a name for the account. 12:43.770 --> 12:45.930 So try to keep things simple here. 12:45.930 --> 12:49.440 In my case I'm just going to go with Ed and the computer's name. 12:49.440 --> 12:52.890 I'm going to name it ed vm. 12:52.920 --> 12:55.320 For example, something very simple. 12:55.320 --> 12:59.490 And for the password I'm going to use something very simple. 12:59.520 --> 12:59.760 Okay. 12:59.790 --> 13:01.650 You can use a stronger password if you want. 13:01.680 --> 13:04.530 And I'm going to keep the rest like this. 13:04.560 --> 13:05.850 Click on next. 13:07.020 --> 13:07.740 Almost done. 13:07.740 --> 13:09.990 So let's choose a time zone. 13:11.010 --> 13:11.670 Next. 13:11.700 --> 13:15.330 You can see a recap of what's going to be done. 13:15.360 --> 13:15.630 Okay. 13:15.630 --> 13:21.780 With the partitions that are going to be created etc. you can click now on install and you're going 13:21.810 --> 13:23.460 to have to wait for a few minutes. 13:23.880 --> 13:31.500 The installation is now complete, so it took me about 25 minutes to give you an idea because it can 13:31.500 --> 13:32.460 be quite long. 13:32.460 --> 13:37.080 And once you get to this screen, you can just click on restart. 13:37.110 --> 13:39.270 Now that's going to restart the virtual machine. 13:40.290 --> 13:41.940 Now you see you have this. 13:41.940 --> 13:45.030 Please remove the installation medium and press enter. 13:45.030 --> 13:46.110 So just press enter. 13:46.110 --> 13:47.960 There's no nothing to remove. 13:47.990 --> 13:48.620 Okay. 13:48.920 --> 13:50.090 Just press enter. 13:54.680 --> 13:57.980 We can log in with our. 13:58.250 --> 14:00.530 So the password that you've set previously. 14:01.580 --> 14:03.950 We are now on the ubuntu desktop. 14:03.950 --> 14:07.970 And you see for the first time you will get also this menu. 14:08.000 --> 14:09.320 You can just click on next. 14:09.320 --> 14:12.350 And then they're going to try to sell you Ubuntu Pro. 14:12.380 --> 14:13.850 You can skip for now. 14:13.880 --> 14:14.060 Okay. 14:14.090 --> 14:15.260 You click on next. 14:15.290 --> 14:18.110 You can choose to share system data or not. 14:18.140 --> 14:22.130 We'll just do whatever you want and just finish. 14:22.160 --> 14:22.880 And that's it. 14:22.880 --> 14:26.390 So now ubuntu is successfully installed. 14:26.390 --> 14:30.740 But we have a few more steps to do to get everything 100% right. 14:30.770 --> 14:33.500 First of all, we are going to update the packages. 14:33.500 --> 14:37.160 So it's not because you just installed ubuntu that everything is up to date. 14:37.190 --> 14:37.400 Okay. 14:37.430 --> 14:39.680 So we're going to update the packages from the terminal. 14:39.710 --> 14:44.990 So for that you can open a you can just open a terminal. 14:44.990 --> 14:52.550 You type cmd for example, you open a terminal, I'm going to right click here and pin to dash. 14:52.580 --> 14:52.820 Okay. 14:52.850 --> 14:56.270 So I can start it again from here. 14:57.530 --> 15:01.670 And let's do a sudo apt update to update the sources. 15:02.750 --> 15:09.020 As you see I have 200 packages to upgrade and I will do sudo apt upgrade. 15:09.410 --> 15:10.550 Okay. 15:11.000 --> 15:13.880 Press enter and let's wait a bit more. 15:14.030 --> 15:17.480 And a few minutes later everything now is up to date. 15:17.480 --> 15:19.160 And there is one last step. 15:19.160 --> 15:21.590 And that is relative to the virtual machine. 15:21.590 --> 15:28.970 Here you can see if I try to increase, you see if I try to resize the window here, the resolution 15:28.970 --> 15:31.310 here of the desktop is not going to change. 15:31.310 --> 15:37.310 And also at this point, if you try to copy and paste from into the virtual machine, it also might 15:37.310 --> 15:37.970 not work. 15:37.970 --> 15:42.950 So for this we need to install what's called the guest additions CD image. 15:42.950 --> 15:45.320 To properly install that we will need to. 15:45.350 --> 15:51.310 First I'm going to do clear, but we need to first install a few packages sudo apt install. 15:51.550 --> 15:56.170 And that's going to be build essentials. 15:56.230 --> 15:56.770 All right. 15:56.770 --> 16:00.010 Here I have a pop up saying that you need to restart. 16:00.010 --> 16:02.020 I'm going to say restart later. 16:02.500 --> 16:04.000 So build essential. 16:04.000 --> 16:13.060 You can press tab for auto completion gcc and then make and then Perl and then d k m s. 16:13.060 --> 16:18.010 So you install those 12345 packages okay. 16:18.040 --> 16:19.630 Some might already be installed. 16:19.630 --> 16:22.600 You press yes to install all of that. 16:22.900 --> 16:30.850 And then on the top menu of the Virtual Machine window you can click on devices and insert Guest Additions 16:30.850 --> 16:32.170 CD image. 16:33.730 --> 16:37.330 So you will see a new CD here okay. 16:37.360 --> 16:38.770 You can click on it. 16:38.770 --> 16:42.940 That's going to open a file manager with some software to run. 16:42.940 --> 16:48.100 And let's just do a right click inside and do open in terminal. 16:48.130 --> 16:52.810 So now we are in the folder I can do LS and see what we have here. 16:52.810 --> 17:04.960 And you will run the vbox Linux additions run with sudo so sudo and then dot slash vbox Linux additions 17:04.960 --> 17:06.340 dot run. 17:06.370 --> 17:08.200 Make sure you use autocompletion. 17:08.200 --> 17:15.550 Put the password and let's wait for a few seconds and you can see at some point after maybe a minute 17:15.580 --> 17:18.730 or two, the command will finish and exit. 17:18.730 --> 17:22.900 So best thing here is let's do a reboot. 17:22.900 --> 17:26.020 So let's do sudo reboot or let's just shut it down. 17:26.020 --> 17:29.350 So to shut it down properly you can do a pseudo shutdown here. 17:29.350 --> 17:31.540 But we can also click here. 17:31.540 --> 17:35.290 So better to shut down with this menu than just closing the window. 17:35.290 --> 17:38.530 So we're going to do a shut down. 17:38.530 --> 17:39.580 So power off. 17:40.960 --> 17:44.610 And then we open the VirtualBox manager again. 17:44.610 --> 17:48.060 And let's start this machine again. 17:52.920 --> 17:54.840 Let's log in. 18:00.510 --> 18:04.770 And you can see now we have the desktop that's resizing. 18:05.460 --> 18:08.940 So you may need to resize the window first to see this. 18:08.940 --> 18:13.500 And then we still have the disk here you can right click and eject. 18:14.520 --> 18:14.940 Okay. 18:14.970 --> 18:22.800 And finally to enable the copy and paste let's go to devices shared clipboard. 18:22.830 --> 18:23.940 You see it's disabled. 18:23.940 --> 18:26.730 You can go to bi directional. 18:26.730 --> 18:31.890 So you can copy and paste from the virtual machine to your host, and also from the host to the virtual 18:31.890 --> 18:32.460 machine. 18:32.490 --> 18:34.110 Everything is set up. 18:34.110 --> 18:37.560 So for the following lessons I'm going to use my own dual boot. 18:37.560 --> 18:43.860 But you can follow 100% of the course using this virtual machine that we have just installed.