1 00:00:01,100 --> 00:00:04,883 ‫In this video, let's implement document updating. 2 00:00:06,250 --> 00:00:09,810 ‫And so, here, in our update tour handler, let's start by 3 00:00:09,810 --> 00:00:11,803 ‫making it an async function. 4 00:00:14,650 --> 00:00:18,250 ‫Then, or try catch block, and so I'm doing this 5 00:00:18,250 --> 00:00:22,130 ‫very quickly now, because we're already used to this 6 00:00:22,130 --> 00:00:22,963 ‫at this point. 7 00:00:24,330 --> 00:00:25,180 ‫Right? 8 00:00:25,180 --> 00:00:28,210 ‫So this goes into the try block and then 9 00:00:28,210 --> 00:00:32,440 ‫I simply get this one, here, from the catch block 10 00:00:33,450 --> 00:00:34,693 ‫of this other function. 11 00:00:36,130 --> 00:00:37,653 ‫All right, so. 12 00:00:39,230 --> 00:00:40,660 ‫Here we go. 13 00:00:40,660 --> 00:00:42,430 ‫And so now, what we need to do here 14 00:00:42,430 --> 00:00:44,620 ‫at the beginning of this try block 15 00:00:44,620 --> 00:00:47,140 ‫is to basically query for the document that 16 00:00:47,140 --> 00:00:50,580 ‫we want to update and then update it, all right? 17 00:00:50,580 --> 00:00:51,730 ‫And we can actually do that 18 00:00:51,730 --> 00:00:54,250 ‫all in one command with mongoose. 19 00:00:54,250 --> 00:00:57,160 ‫And, remember, again, that we're gonna update the tour 20 00:00:57,160 --> 00:00:59,370 ‫based on an ID, okay? 21 00:00:59,370 --> 00:01:03,320 ‫So, it's a similar situation like this one here, 22 00:01:03,320 --> 00:01:05,590 ‫where we find by ID. 23 00:01:05,590 --> 00:01:08,130 ‫And now, we can actually do something very similar, 24 00:01:08,130 --> 00:01:11,380 ‫which is find by ID and update. 25 00:01:11,380 --> 00:01:13,713 ‫So again, everything in one query. 26 00:01:14,600 --> 00:01:16,790 ‫So, let's do tour.findByID 27 00:01:20,400 --> 00:01:22,963 ‫and update. 28 00:01:24,150 --> 00:01:27,520 ‫Okay, so, what do we need to pass in here? 29 00:01:27,520 --> 00:01:31,290 ‫Well, of course, the ID, so that we can first find 30 00:01:31,290 --> 00:01:33,313 ‫the document that is to be updated. 31 00:01:34,620 --> 00:01:39,030 ‫So, just like before, that is req.params.ID, 32 00:01:39,030 --> 00:01:42,690 ‫and then the data that we actually want to change. 33 00:01:42,690 --> 00:01:44,750 ‫And that data will be in the body, 34 00:01:44,750 --> 00:01:46,763 ‫just like in the post request. 35 00:01:48,430 --> 00:01:51,330 ‫So req.body, okay? 36 00:01:51,330 --> 00:01:53,470 ‫And then, actually as a third argument, 37 00:01:53,470 --> 00:01:57,050 ‫we can also patch in some options, and we will do that. 38 00:01:57,050 --> 00:02:00,600 ‫And the first option that I want to specify is new 39 00:02:01,540 --> 00:02:03,690 ‫and set it to true. 40 00:02:03,690 --> 00:02:06,760 ‫Because this way, then the new updated document 41 00:02:06,760 --> 00:02:08,870 ‫is the one that will be returned. 42 00:02:08,870 --> 00:02:11,810 ‫And since we want to send back that updated document 43 00:02:11,810 --> 00:02:14,410 ‫to the client, we always want this method 44 00:02:14,410 --> 00:02:18,380 ‫to actually return that new document, okay? 45 00:02:18,380 --> 00:02:22,160 ‫So this way, it actually then makes sense to 46 00:02:22,160 --> 00:02:27,160 ‫await this query and then save it to a new variable. 47 00:02:28,710 --> 00:02:30,720 ‫So then simply call it tour here, 48 00:02:30,720 --> 00:02:34,743 ‫and then again, await the result of this query. 49 00:02:35,640 --> 00:02:38,200 ‫So all of these methods that we've been using on the tour 50 00:02:38,200 --> 00:02:41,923 ‫so far, so find by ID and update, or, 51 00:02:43,220 --> 00:02:47,300 ‫well, not really create, but find by ID or find, 52 00:02:47,300 --> 00:02:51,350 ‫all of these will return queries, so they are query methods 53 00:02:51,350 --> 00:02:53,320 ‫and let me actually show that to you 54 00:02:53,320 --> 00:02:55,700 ‫in the mongoose documentation. 55 00:02:55,700 --> 00:02:58,510 ‫So, up until this point, we didn't have a look at 56 00:02:58,510 --> 00:03:00,300 ‫the documentation so far. 57 00:03:00,300 --> 00:03:01,850 ‫And so, let's quickly do that. 58 00:03:01,850 --> 00:03:05,080 ‫So, on the model, which in our case is tour, 59 00:03:05,080 --> 00:03:07,610 ‫we have all these query methods, right? 60 00:03:07,610 --> 00:03:11,920 ‫So you see find, you see find one, you see find by ID, 61 00:03:11,920 --> 00:03:14,530 ‫which is just a shorthand for find one. 62 00:03:14,530 --> 00:03:17,460 ‫Then you see find by ID and update, 63 00:03:17,460 --> 00:03:19,320 ‫which is the one that we're currently using, 64 00:03:19,320 --> 00:03:22,018 ‫and which, in fact, is just a shorthand for 65 00:03:22,018 --> 00:03:26,440 ‫find one and update, where we're querying for an ID, 66 00:03:26,440 --> 00:03:30,380 ‫so similar to what we had in the last lecture, okay? 67 00:03:30,380 --> 00:03:33,630 ‫And actually we can click on any one of these, 68 00:03:33,630 --> 00:03:36,340 ‫so let's do the one that we're using currently, 69 00:03:36,340 --> 00:03:39,931 ‫and that will then really take us to the API documentation 70 00:03:39,931 --> 00:03:43,560 ‫which shows us how to really use a certain method. 71 00:03:43,560 --> 00:03:46,650 ‫So you see that we passed the ID, so the value, 72 00:03:46,650 --> 00:03:50,550 ‫off the ID to query by, we passed the object with 73 00:03:50,550 --> 00:03:55,320 ‫the data to be updated, and we passed an options object. 74 00:03:55,320 --> 00:03:57,410 ‫And down here we can actually see 75 00:03:57,410 --> 00:03:59,770 ‫the options that we can set, so remember, 76 00:03:59,770 --> 00:04:03,360 ‫we just set new to true, and so as it says here 77 00:04:03,360 --> 00:04:06,570 ‫that will then return the modified document 78 00:04:06,570 --> 00:04:08,480 ‫rather than the original. 79 00:04:08,480 --> 00:04:11,500 ‫Now, another one that we actually want to set to true 80 00:04:11,500 --> 00:04:15,690 ‫is this run validators, so that each time that we update 81 00:04:15,690 --> 00:04:19,160 ‫a certain document, then the validators that we specified 82 00:04:19,160 --> 00:04:22,334 ‫in the schema will run again, okay? 83 00:04:22,334 --> 00:04:26,050 ‫And we will talk a lot about validators and validation 84 00:04:26,050 --> 00:04:27,600 ‫a bit later in the section, 85 00:04:27,600 --> 00:04:31,770 ‫but I'm gonna leave it here for now so that we, basically, 86 00:04:31,770 --> 00:04:32,743 ‫don't forget it. 87 00:04:34,340 --> 00:04:35,530 ‫Okay? 88 00:04:35,530 --> 00:04:38,810 ‫Give it a save now, and actually I wanna go back here 89 00:04:38,810 --> 00:04:40,880 ‫just to show you how many methods 90 00:04:40,880 --> 00:04:43,210 ‫we actually have in mongoose. 91 00:04:43,210 --> 00:04:46,250 ‫So, on the model, we have all of these methods here 92 00:04:46,250 --> 00:04:47,753 ‫that you see in this list. 93 00:04:48,620 --> 00:04:51,300 ‫So for example we used create before, 94 00:04:51,300 --> 00:04:52,833 ‫we also used find. 95 00:04:53,850 --> 00:04:54,683 ‫Okay? 96 00:04:54,683 --> 00:04:57,090 ‫And so the ones that you see here in the top, 97 00:04:57,090 --> 00:04:59,350 ‫they are available right on the model, 98 00:04:59,350 --> 00:05:01,363 ‫and that, in our case, is the tour. 99 00:05:02,300 --> 00:05:04,320 ‫Now, down here you, for example also see 100 00:05:04,320 --> 00:05:08,520 ‫model.prototype.safe for example. 101 00:05:08,520 --> 00:05:10,770 ‫And this one, we actually also already used 102 00:05:10,770 --> 00:05:14,290 ‫right when we first started to work with mongoose. 103 00:05:14,290 --> 00:05:16,650 ‫So I'm not sure if you are familiar with this, 104 00:05:16,650 --> 00:05:20,070 ‫but in java script model.prototype always means 105 00:05:20,070 --> 00:05:23,560 ‫an object created from a class, or in this case, 106 00:05:23,560 --> 00:05:25,330 ‫created from a model. 107 00:05:25,330 --> 00:05:29,010 ‫And so, the save method here, refers to a save method 108 00:05:29,010 --> 00:05:32,530 ‫called on a document and not on a tour. 109 00:05:32,530 --> 00:05:35,370 ‫And remember that that's exactly what we did. 110 00:05:35,370 --> 00:05:37,670 ‫And I think I still have it here as a comment. 111 00:05:40,430 --> 00:05:41,550 ‫Yeah, right here. 112 00:05:41,550 --> 00:05:45,717 ‫So, we had a tour, this new tour variable here 113 00:05:45,717 --> 00:05:48,600 ‫which was created from the tour model, 114 00:05:48,600 --> 00:05:53,220 ‫and so this new tour here got access to the save method 115 00:05:53,220 --> 00:05:57,320 ‫because that is part of the prototype object of this class. 116 00:05:57,320 --> 00:06:00,280 ‫All right, now I don't want to bore you with the 117 00:06:00,280 --> 00:06:02,760 ‫fundamentals of java script, but it is important 118 00:06:02,760 --> 00:06:05,620 ‫in order to understand the documentation, okay? 119 00:06:05,620 --> 00:06:09,320 ‫Because at some point you will need to use documentation, 120 00:06:09,320 --> 00:06:11,520 ‫because mongoose is yute. 121 00:06:11,520 --> 00:06:13,700 ‫And I will actually teach you a lot of the stuff 122 00:06:13,700 --> 00:06:16,520 ‫that's important in there through all of this course, 123 00:06:16,520 --> 00:06:19,240 ‫but sometimes you will still need something that 124 00:06:19,240 --> 00:06:20,740 ‫I didn't show you in this course. 125 00:06:20,740 --> 00:06:23,060 ‫And so it's important that you really understand 126 00:06:23,060 --> 00:06:25,900 ‫the documentation as well, okay? 127 00:06:25,900 --> 00:06:29,360 ‫And so, again, when you see model.prototype here, 128 00:06:29,360 --> 00:06:31,810 ‫you know that the save method here 129 00:06:31,810 --> 00:06:34,800 ‫is going to be available on all of the instances 130 00:06:34,800 --> 00:06:37,330 ‫created through a model, okay? 131 00:06:37,330 --> 00:06:39,160 ‫And so, not the model itself. 132 00:06:39,160 --> 00:06:42,000 ‫So, for example, if you tried tour.save 133 00:06:42,000 --> 00:06:43,660 ‫you wouldn't be able to use it. 134 00:06:43,660 --> 00:06:46,960 ‫It would give you an error, but instead, if you tried save 135 00:06:46,960 --> 00:06:49,700 ‫on a document created through the tour, 136 00:06:49,700 --> 00:06:52,120 ‫then it would, of course, work, okay? 137 00:06:52,120 --> 00:06:53,840 ‫I hope that makes sense. 138 00:06:53,840 --> 00:06:56,670 ‫And, anyway, you see that we have a lot of other stuff, 139 00:06:56,670 --> 00:07:00,310 ‫so we have to query, which we already talked about, 140 00:07:00,310 --> 00:07:04,030 ‫because, for example, find by ID and update, or find, 141 00:07:04,030 --> 00:07:08,320 ‫or find by ID, all of these will return query objects. 142 00:07:08,320 --> 00:07:10,860 ‫And so, later on, when we're gonna implement stuff like 143 00:07:10,860 --> 00:07:15,150 ‫sorting or filtering we will then use this query object. 144 00:07:15,150 --> 00:07:15,983 ‫Okay? 145 00:07:15,983 --> 00:07:19,751 ‫So, let's go back, we kind of got off the track here 146 00:07:19,751 --> 00:07:22,210 ‫by looking at the documentation, 147 00:07:22,210 --> 00:07:24,230 ‫but, again, I think it's really important 148 00:07:24,230 --> 00:07:26,370 ‫to start looking at the documentation, 149 00:07:26,370 --> 00:07:29,670 ‫because a course like this can only take you so far, 150 00:07:29,670 --> 00:07:32,570 ‫and I hope you already know that at this point, okay? 151 00:07:32,570 --> 00:07:35,810 ‫It's really important that you're also able to 152 00:07:35,810 --> 00:07:38,450 ‫find information on your own, and I wanna show you how 153 00:07:38,450 --> 00:07:40,560 ‫to do that also in this course. 154 00:07:40,560 --> 00:07:43,460 ‫Anyways, let's now actually also send 155 00:07:43,460 --> 00:07:46,820 ‫this newly updated tour back to the client, 156 00:07:46,820 --> 00:07:49,690 ‫which, right now, we're not doing, because we have 157 00:07:49,690 --> 00:07:52,810 ‫simply this updated tour here string. 158 00:07:52,810 --> 00:07:56,470 ‫So let's get rid of that and simply send to tour. 159 00:07:56,470 --> 00:08:00,140 ‫And remember that this, in fact, is actually this. 160 00:08:00,140 --> 00:08:03,940 ‫So, the tour property is set to the tour object, 161 00:08:03,940 --> 00:08:07,360 ‫but, thanks to ES6, we no longer have to do that 162 00:08:07,360 --> 00:08:11,160 ‫when the property name has the same name of the value. 163 00:08:11,160 --> 00:08:13,310 ‫Okay, so let's get rid of that. 164 00:08:13,310 --> 00:08:15,413 ‫That makes our code look a bit better. 165 00:08:17,350 --> 00:08:19,373 ‫Okay, and let's now test it. 166 00:08:20,980 --> 00:08:25,980 ‫Back to postman, here we have the updated tour route. 167 00:08:26,079 --> 00:08:27,960 ‫And so, let's actually do it 168 00:08:27,960 --> 00:08:30,983 ‫on this same ID that we used before. 169 00:08:34,310 --> 00:08:35,550 ‫So, this one. 170 00:08:35,550 --> 00:08:38,827 ‫Then we come to the body, here, and let's change-- 171 00:08:39,761 --> 00:08:42,250 ‫Well, what are we gonna change here? 172 00:08:42,250 --> 00:08:46,493 ‫Well, let's change the price to, like, 500. 173 00:08:48,040 --> 00:08:51,383 ‫So, price, 500, 174 00:08:52,630 --> 00:08:55,700 ‫send it, and indeed this gives us 175 00:08:55,700 --> 00:08:58,250 ‫the newly updated object with the price 176 00:08:58,250 --> 00:09:00,730 ‫already set to 500. 177 00:09:00,730 --> 00:09:03,410 ‫And if we now get all tours, then that, of course, 178 00:09:03,410 --> 00:09:05,150 ‫should be reflected here. 179 00:09:05,150 --> 00:09:06,480 ‫And here it is. 180 00:09:06,480 --> 00:09:09,223 ‫But now, let's say that we set it to a string. 181 00:09:13,930 --> 00:09:15,920 ‫Let's take a look at what happens, then. 182 00:09:15,920 --> 00:09:17,930 ‫Well, then we actually get an error. 183 00:09:17,930 --> 00:09:21,090 ‫And that's because we ran the validators again. 184 00:09:21,090 --> 00:09:23,497 ‫So, remember that we have-- 185 00:09:24,900 --> 00:09:25,760 ‫Where is that? 186 00:09:27,720 --> 00:09:28,553 ‫Oh yeah, here. 187 00:09:28,553 --> 00:09:32,070 ‫So here we specify that the validators should be run again. 188 00:09:32,070 --> 00:09:36,130 ‫And so, right now the price is no longer a number 189 00:09:36,130 --> 00:09:38,050 ‫as it is expected, right? 190 00:09:38,050 --> 00:09:41,580 ‫So in a schema we say that the price should be a number, 191 00:09:41,580 --> 00:09:44,580 ‫but, of course, java script, or mongoose, actually, 192 00:09:44,580 --> 00:09:49,290 ‫cannot, basically, convert this string here to a number. 193 00:09:49,290 --> 00:09:50,820 ‫But that is what we expect. 194 00:09:50,820 --> 00:09:53,350 ‫So here it says kind should be number. 195 00:09:53,350 --> 00:09:55,580 ‫And so, therefor, it gives us an error, 196 00:09:55,580 --> 00:09:58,540 ‫simply because we're running the validators again. 197 00:09:58,540 --> 00:10:01,530 ‫So, let's put it back to 500 and then, of course, 198 00:10:01,530 --> 00:10:02,730 ‫it's gonna be back. 199 00:10:02,730 --> 00:10:05,430 ‫All right, now, keep in mind that we're actually 200 00:10:05,430 --> 00:10:07,750 ‫doing a patch request here. 201 00:10:07,750 --> 00:10:11,000 ‫Now, if we were doing a put request, remember, 202 00:10:11,000 --> 00:10:13,670 ‫then you would expect that the original object 203 00:10:13,670 --> 00:10:15,190 ‫would be completely replaced 204 00:10:15,190 --> 00:10:18,150 ‫with the new one that is sent in, okay? 205 00:10:18,150 --> 00:10:20,280 ‫So, in that case it would no longer work 206 00:10:20,280 --> 00:10:22,272 ‫the way we implemented here 207 00:10:22,272 --> 00:10:25,420 ‫because this one simply really updated the fields 208 00:10:25,420 --> 00:10:29,360 ‫that are different here in the body, okay? 209 00:10:29,360 --> 00:10:32,150 ‫But anyways, I think that the patch method 210 00:10:32,150 --> 00:10:34,400 ‫is actually way more useful, and so, 211 00:10:34,400 --> 00:10:38,490 ‫that's gonna be the only one that implementing here. 212 00:10:38,490 --> 00:10:42,300 ‫Cool, so we have three of our four correct operations 213 00:10:42,300 --> 00:10:44,910 ‫implemented, only one more left to go, 214 00:10:44,910 --> 00:10:46,463 ‫which is gonna be delete.