1 00:00:01,110 --> 00:00:02,420 ‫Hey, there! 2 00:00:02,420 --> 00:00:06,430 ‫So let's now learn how to read documents with Mongoose 3 00:00:06,430 --> 00:00:10,420 ‫in order to implement or get tour and get all tour's 4 00:00:10,420 --> 00:00:11,333 ‫route handlers. 5 00:00:13,000 --> 00:00:16,470 ‫And starting with the getAllTours handler. 6 00:00:16,470 --> 00:00:20,210 ‫So first off, let's delete this piece of code here. 7 00:00:20,210 --> 00:00:21,530 ‫And now what we're gonna do 8 00:00:21,530 --> 00:00:24,600 ‫in order to get all the tours from the database 9 00:00:24,600 --> 00:00:26,850 ‫is to use Tour. 10 00:00:26,850 --> 00:00:28,390 ‫So the model again. 11 00:00:28,390 --> 00:00:31,490 ‫At the end on there, we use the find method. 12 00:00:31,490 --> 00:00:32,410 ‫All right. 13 00:00:32,410 --> 00:00:35,480 ‫So remember from the MongoDB intersection, 14 00:00:35,480 --> 00:00:38,260 ‫where when we wanted to query for all the documents, 15 00:00:38,260 --> 00:00:41,010 ‫we simply used find, okay? 16 00:00:41,010 --> 00:00:43,670 ‫And so here, it's the exact same method. 17 00:00:43,670 --> 00:00:46,980 ‫And again, when we don't pass anything into it, 18 00:00:46,980 --> 00:00:48,760 ‫so just like we're doing here, 19 00:00:48,760 --> 00:00:50,850 ‫then it will return all the documents 20 00:00:50,850 --> 00:00:52,660 ‫in that collection, okay? 21 00:00:52,660 --> 00:00:56,100 ‫So in this case, in the tour collection obviously. 22 00:00:56,100 --> 00:00:59,260 ‫Now just like before, this is gonna return a promise 23 00:00:59,260 --> 00:01:00,590 ‫that we will await. 24 00:01:00,590 --> 00:01:02,210 ‫And since we wanna await, 25 00:01:02,210 --> 00:01:04,483 ‫we need to make this an async function. 26 00:01:05,580 --> 00:01:06,760 ‫So async. 27 00:01:06,760 --> 00:01:11,760 ‫Then here we can await, and save the result into tours. 28 00:01:15,550 --> 00:01:16,400 ‫All right. 29 00:01:16,400 --> 00:01:17,550 ‫And that's actually it. 30 00:01:18,720 --> 00:01:22,780 ‫So, let's get rid of these comments here. 31 00:01:22,780 --> 00:01:25,840 ‫We also don't want the requestedAt property. 32 00:01:25,840 --> 00:01:28,330 ‫So that was just for testing before. 33 00:01:28,330 --> 00:01:31,580 ‫And so, yeah, I think that's it. 34 00:01:31,580 --> 00:01:33,810 ‫So this is how we get all the tours 35 00:01:33,810 --> 00:01:35,610 ‫from the Tour collection. 36 00:01:35,610 --> 00:01:38,900 ‫So using find, then awaiting that result, 37 00:01:38,900 --> 00:01:41,280 ‫and then sending it down here. 38 00:01:41,280 --> 00:01:44,520 ‫So remember that we have this data property here 39 00:01:44,520 --> 00:01:47,670 ‫to basically envelope the tours. 40 00:01:47,670 --> 00:01:50,380 ‫And then we also send this property here, 41 00:01:50,380 --> 00:01:52,830 ‫which simply measures the number of results 42 00:01:52,830 --> 00:01:55,180 ‫that are in the tours, all right. 43 00:01:55,180 --> 00:01:56,013 ‫Okay? 44 00:01:56,013 --> 00:01:58,700 ‫Because of course, this find method here 45 00:01:58,700 --> 00:02:02,260 ‫will return an array of all these documents, 46 00:02:02,260 --> 00:02:04,720 ‫and will also very nicely convert them 47 00:02:04,720 --> 00:02:06,700 ‫into JavaScript objects, okay? 48 00:02:06,700 --> 00:02:09,060 ‫So this function here, this find method, 49 00:02:09,060 --> 00:02:11,350 ‫really does all the work for us. 50 00:02:11,350 --> 00:02:12,750 ‫Now just like before, 51 00:02:12,750 --> 00:02:16,460 ‫one more step before we can actually try this out, 52 00:02:16,460 --> 00:02:20,030 ‫which is to wrap all of this here in the try block 53 00:02:20,030 --> 00:02:22,673 ‫and then catch any potential errors. 54 00:02:26,160 --> 00:02:26,993 ‫Now in this case, 55 00:02:26,993 --> 00:02:31,000 ‫there are not gonna be any validation errors like before. 56 00:02:31,000 --> 00:02:34,340 ‫But let's still send an error here, in this case, 57 00:02:34,340 --> 00:02:36,700 ‫and let's just make it a 404. 58 00:02:36,700 --> 00:02:39,620 ‫And it doesn't really matter so much at this point 59 00:02:39,620 --> 00:02:41,720 ‫because again, we are gonna implement 60 00:02:41,720 --> 00:02:43,320 ‫some better error handling here 61 00:02:43,320 --> 00:02:46,010 ‫in the next, or in one of the next, sections. 62 00:02:46,010 --> 00:02:47,180 ‫All right? 63 00:02:47,180 --> 00:02:51,407 ‫So let's just set it here to status: 'fail', 64 00:02:52,640 --> 00:02:57,113 ‫and the message to whatever error that we might get here. 65 00:02:59,000 --> 00:03:00,010 ‫Okay. 66 00:03:00,010 --> 00:03:02,470 ‫So, let's test it out now. 67 00:03:02,470 --> 00:03:04,163 ‫It's this one, Get All Tours. 68 00:03:05,210 --> 00:03:08,920 ‫And, yup, it works. 69 00:03:08,920 --> 00:03:12,310 ‫So here we have the array of the three tours 70 00:03:12,310 --> 00:03:15,140 ‫that we currently have in our database. 71 00:03:15,140 --> 00:03:15,973 ‫Perfect. 72 00:03:15,973 --> 00:03:19,193 ‫So next up, let's implement the getTour handler. 73 00:03:20,240 --> 00:03:22,967 ‫So let's write the next one that we have here. 74 00:03:22,967 --> 00:03:25,330 ‫And let's get rid of this code, 75 00:03:25,330 --> 00:03:27,130 ‫and this code. 76 00:03:27,130 --> 00:03:28,470 ‫All right. 77 00:03:28,470 --> 00:03:32,650 ‫And this one is actually gonna work in a very similar way. 78 00:03:32,650 --> 00:03:35,203 ‫So I'm still doing this try catch here. 79 00:03:36,060 --> 00:03:39,570 ‫So error, like this. 80 00:03:39,570 --> 00:03:42,893 ‫Because we're still using async await in this one. 81 00:03:43,960 --> 00:03:44,793 ‫So async. 82 00:03:46,010 --> 00:03:48,370 ‫Because now in order to find one tour, 83 00:03:48,370 --> 00:03:53,160 ‫we are still going to be awaiting Tour.find. 84 00:03:53,160 --> 00:03:55,240 ‫But it's not gonna be just find, 85 00:03:55,240 --> 00:03:58,250 ‫but instead we're gonna use findById, all right. 86 00:04:00,990 --> 00:04:05,240 ‫So findById, but where is that ID actually coming from? 87 00:04:05,240 --> 00:04:06,490 ‫Remember that? 88 00:04:06,490 --> 00:04:09,290 ‫So let's actually take a look at the route. 89 00:04:09,290 --> 00:04:11,890 ‫So going back here to Postman, 90 00:04:11,890 --> 00:04:14,920 ‫this is how we call this end point, 91 00:04:14,920 --> 00:04:19,080 ‫oh, let's actually put a more real ID here already. 92 00:04:19,080 --> 00:04:20,230 ‫So, for example, this one 93 00:04:20,230 --> 00:04:21,573 ‫from The Park Camper. 94 00:04:23,490 --> 00:04:27,400 ‫And so our request might come from a route like this. 95 00:04:27,400 --> 00:04:29,870 ‫And so here, we have this ID parameter 96 00:04:29,870 --> 00:04:32,660 ‫right in our route, right? 97 00:04:32,660 --> 00:04:35,010 ‫So let's take a look at our router here. 98 00:04:35,010 --> 00:04:37,530 ‫And so remember that this is how we specify it, 99 00:04:37,530 --> 00:04:39,730 ‫the ID in the URL. 100 00:04:39,730 --> 00:04:44,010 ‫So this ID is gonna be part of the request obviously. 101 00:04:44,010 --> 00:04:47,530 ‫And so how do we actually get access to that ID here, 102 00:04:47,530 --> 00:04:49,120 ‫and this handler? 103 00:04:49,120 --> 00:04:51,783 ‫Well, we do req.params,id. 104 00:04:56,250 --> 00:04:57,100 ‫And it is ID 105 00:04:57,100 --> 00:05:01,070 ‫because that's what we called this variable here, right? 106 00:05:01,070 --> 00:05:02,610 ‫If it was name here, 107 00:05:02,610 --> 00:05:06,780 ‫then here we had req.params.name, right? 108 00:05:06,780 --> 00:05:07,613 ‫Remember that? 109 00:05:08,960 --> 00:05:12,163 ‫And now, let's save that to tour. 110 00:05:14,020 --> 00:05:14,863 ‫Now all right. 111 00:05:16,400 --> 00:05:18,733 ‫Then let's get this code here back. 112 00:05:20,490 --> 00:05:21,523 ‫Copy it here. 113 00:05:23,420 --> 00:05:25,610 ‫And then also this one for the error block. 114 00:05:25,610 --> 00:05:27,610 ‫And don't worry, I'm gonna explain this function here 115 00:05:27,610 --> 00:05:28,443 ‫in a second. 116 00:05:28,443 --> 00:05:30,553 ‫I just wanna finish this code here first. 117 00:05:32,610 --> 00:05:36,070 ‫So this piece of code here is gonna be exactly the same 118 00:05:36,070 --> 00:05:38,070 ‫for this catch block. 119 00:05:38,070 --> 00:05:39,610 ‫Give it a save now, 120 00:05:39,610 --> 00:05:43,290 ‫and so we get no errors here from eslint. 121 00:05:43,290 --> 00:05:46,240 ‫Now about this find ID method here, 122 00:05:46,240 --> 00:05:50,620 ‫well, remember how up here we just used find, okay? 123 00:05:50,620 --> 00:05:53,980 ‫So find is to find all of the documents. 124 00:05:53,980 --> 00:05:56,270 ‫And then we also have findOne 125 00:05:56,270 --> 00:06:00,570 ‫to find only one document, okay? 126 00:06:00,570 --> 00:06:04,240 ‫And so this findById is really just a shorthand, 127 00:06:04,240 --> 00:06:06,323 ‫so a helper function for, 128 00:06:07,760 --> 00:06:09,700 ‫let me write it here as a comment, 129 00:06:09,700 --> 00:06:11,270 ‫for writing findOne, 130 00:06:13,740 --> 00:06:15,920 ‫and then with the filter object, 131 00:06:15,920 --> 00:06:17,610 ‫which is exactly like we learned 132 00:06:17,610 --> 00:06:19,407 ‫in the MongoDB intersection. 133 00:06:21,030 --> 00:06:23,190 ‫So we have the ID field. 134 00:06:23,190 --> 00:06:28,190 ‫And then we could set that to req.params.id. 135 00:06:28,670 --> 00:06:33,153 ‫So this here would work the exact same way as this, okay? 136 00:06:34,510 --> 00:06:39,510 ‫So _id, because that is what the ID looks like. 137 00:06:39,740 --> 00:06:41,497 ‫So MongoDB is called _id. 138 00:06:42,842 --> 00:06:45,950 ‫And we could of course query for that field, right? 139 00:06:45,950 --> 00:06:49,410 ‫We did exactly that in the last section. 140 00:06:49,410 --> 00:06:52,980 ‫So we specified this filter object here, 141 00:06:52,980 --> 00:06:55,920 ‫and then the property that we're searching for, 142 00:06:55,920 --> 00:06:58,990 ‫and then the value that we want to search for. 143 00:06:58,990 --> 00:07:02,570 ‫So exactly the same again, as we did in the last section. 144 00:07:02,570 --> 00:07:04,360 ‫And this findOne method here 145 00:07:04,360 --> 00:07:07,710 ‫will then only return one of the documents. 146 00:07:07,710 --> 00:07:10,140 ‫Now this findById, as I mentioned before, 147 00:07:10,140 --> 00:07:14,050 ‫is simply a shorthand for having to write this. 148 00:07:14,050 --> 00:07:17,440 ‫So behind the scenes, it's gonna do exactly this. 149 00:07:17,440 --> 00:07:20,640 ‫But Mongoose simply wants to make our life easier. 150 00:07:20,640 --> 00:07:23,610 ‫And therefore, gives us access to an easier method 151 00:07:23,610 --> 00:07:25,230 ‫called findById, 152 00:07:25,230 --> 00:07:28,773 ‫which simply expects the ID that we're looking for. 153 00:07:29,950 --> 00:07:31,070 ‫All right? 154 00:07:31,070 --> 00:07:34,170 ‫So let me actually leave that here, just as a reference. 155 00:07:34,170 --> 00:07:36,513 ‫And so now, this would actually work already. 156 00:07:37,930 --> 00:07:39,720 ‫So, let's take a look at that. 157 00:07:39,720 --> 00:07:43,030 ‫So we already put the ID of this tour. 158 00:07:43,030 --> 00:07:45,730 ‫I think it was this Park Camper. 159 00:07:45,730 --> 00:07:47,003 ‫So ac2. 160 00:07:48,170 --> 00:07:51,140 ‫And ac2, that should be The Park Camper, 161 00:07:51,140 --> 00:07:52,763 ‫and indeed, it is. 162 00:07:53,620 --> 00:07:54,640 ‫Great. 163 00:07:54,640 --> 00:07:57,620 ‫And that is the easiest way of finding 164 00:07:57,620 --> 00:08:00,400 ‫or of querying documents from the database. 165 00:08:00,400 --> 00:08:04,060 ‫There is a ton more that we can do with queries, 166 00:08:04,060 --> 00:08:05,530 ‫and we're gonna do all of that 167 00:08:05,530 --> 00:08:08,390 ‫once we start implementing something like filtering 168 00:08:08,390 --> 00:08:10,770 ‫or sorting or pagination, 169 00:08:10,770 --> 00:08:14,420 ‫and all that good stuff a bit later in this section, 170 00:08:14,420 --> 00:08:16,340 ‫so in a couple of videos from now. 171 00:08:16,340 --> 00:08:17,310 ‫At this point though, 172 00:08:17,310 --> 00:08:21,650 ‫it's enough to simply return all of the documents here 173 00:08:21,650 --> 00:08:22,960 ‫in this route handler. 174 00:08:22,960 --> 00:08:26,460 ‫And then here, simply the one for the matching ID. 175 00:08:26,460 --> 00:08:27,550 ‫And that works now, 176 00:08:27,550 --> 00:08:29,773 ‫and so let's move on to the next one.