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‫So, we connected our application

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‫with the database using Mongoose in the last lecture.

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‫But wait, what actually is Mongoose?

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‫Well, Mongoose is an object data modeling library

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‫for MongoDB and Node JS,

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‫providing a higher level of abstraction.

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‫So, it's a bit like the relationship

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‫between Express and Node,

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‫so Express is a layer of abstraction over regular Node,

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‫while Mongoose is a layer of abstraction

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‫over the regular MongoDB driver.

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‫And by the way, an object data modeling library

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‫is just a way for us to write JavaScript code

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‫that will then interact with a database.

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‫So, we could just use a regular MongoDB driver

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‫to access our database, and it would work just fine,

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‫but instead we use Mongoose,

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‫because it gives us a lot more functionality out of the box,

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‫allowing for faster and simpler development

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‫of our applications.

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‫So, some of the features Mongoose give us

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‫is schemas to model our data and relationship,

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‫easy data validation, a simple query API,

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‫middleware, and much more.

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‫In Mongoose, a schema is where we model our data,

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‫so where we describe the structure of the data,

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‫default values, and validation.

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‫We then take that schema and create a model out of it.

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‫And the model is basically a wrapper

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‫around the schema, which allows us to actually interface

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‫with the database in order to create, delete, update,

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‫and read documents.

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‫All right, so this was just a very quick introduction.

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‫Now, let's actually go ahead

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‫and create a simple schema and model.