WEBVTT 00:00.110 --> 00:00.680 Hey, everyone. 00:00.680 --> 00:01.920 And welcome back. 00:01.940 --> 00:07.130 Now, in the earlier video, we had a great introduction about modular architecture. 00:07.160 --> 00:14.960 We also looked into how Nginx is built with the modular architecture and how that helps in enhancing 00:14.960 --> 00:17.720 the functionality of Nginx by itself. 00:17.840 --> 00:25.020 Now, till now we have been installing Nginx with a package manager like Yum or App.get. 00:25.040 --> 00:28.820 So those are ready made things that are being fed to us. 00:28.850 --> 00:36.380 However, in order to understand about the modular architecture, we need to learn on how we can compile 00:36.380 --> 00:37.940 Nginx from source. 00:38.060 --> 00:46.250 So for example, if I do a nginx hyphen V over here, so currently you see this Nginx has a lot of modules 00:46.250 --> 00:48.060 which are available over here. 00:48.080 --> 00:55.970 So many times we might need certain modules, we might not need certain modules, we might want to change 00:55.970 --> 00:58.190 the path associated with the binary. 00:58.190 --> 01:02.180 We might want to change the path associated with modules. 01:02.180 --> 01:04.820 So we want a lot of customization. 01:04.820 --> 01:13.130 So when you do so, like when you install Nginx via Yum or App.get, then your ability to customize 01:13.130 --> 01:15.110 each and everything is limited there. 01:15.110 --> 01:23.840 So in order to have a full capability of customization, you will have to compile Nginx from source. 01:23.840 --> 01:27.830 And this is what we will be looking in today's video. 01:28.190 --> 01:33.910 So for our demo purposes, I have a brand new server that I have created. 01:33.920 --> 01:40.310 So currently this does not have Nginx or any other package so that we can start from absolute scratch. 01:40.310 --> 01:45.200 So this is a CentOS seven based server now while compilation. 01:45.200 --> 01:50.570 So whenever you are compiling Nginx from source, there are certain packages that you will need as a 01:50.570 --> 01:51.560 prerequisite. 01:51.560 --> 01:56.990 So basically these are some of the important packages that we'll be using throughout our demo. 01:56.990 --> 02:03.690 So I have just created a document I'll be sharing the entire document after this video so that you can 02:03.690 --> 02:04.770 try it out yourself. 02:04.770 --> 02:09.540 So let me copy this up and I'll paste it within my terminal. 02:12.060 --> 02:12.690 Great. 02:12.690 --> 02:15.170 So our prerequisite is completed. 02:15.180 --> 02:19.860 Now the next thing that we need to do is we have to download the Nginx. 02:19.860 --> 02:23.010 So basically there are mainline versions. 02:23.010 --> 02:25.740 You have stable version, you have legacy version, legacy. 02:25.740 --> 02:28.380 Are the older ones, stable is the current stable. 02:28.380 --> 02:30.990 So in my case the stable is 1.16. 02:31.020 --> 02:36.630 In your case, if you are watching a video at a later stage, this version might change, but the overall 02:36.630 --> 02:38.430 procedure will remain the same. 02:38.430 --> 02:45.720 So I'll right click here, I'll click on copy link, address and within the terminal let's do a wget 02:46.320 --> 02:47.970 and I'll paste the link. 02:49.570 --> 02:53.410 So this will go ahead and download the tar file. 02:54.280 --> 02:57.760 So when I do an LS, this is the tar file. 02:57.910 --> 03:04.120 So let's go ahead and decompress it with tar xvf nginx. 03:05.500 --> 03:07.930 So it has decompressed it. 03:07.960 --> 03:12.860 Now if you do an ls, then you will be able to see the directory of nginx. 03:12.880 --> 03:15.700 So let's go inside the nginx directory here. 03:16.780 --> 03:18.280 And let's do an ls. 03:18.310 --> 03:21.400 So these are the files which are present. 03:21.430 --> 03:24.820 The one that is most important here is the configure file. 03:24.940 --> 03:33.240 So when I do a configure hyphen hyphen help you see there are various options which are available. 03:33.250 --> 03:35.490 So let's go a bit up. 03:35.500 --> 03:43.450 So basically here we while configuring, we can enable various modules like you have Http SSL module, 03:43.450 --> 03:47.090 you have Http version two module and various others. 03:47.110 --> 03:49.610 So there are a lot of modules which are available. 03:49.610 --> 03:55.670 So since we are doing things from scratch, all of these things are something that we will be able to 03:55.670 --> 03:58.880 modify according to the things that we need. 03:58.910 --> 03:59.660 All right. 03:59.840 --> 04:03.570 So the way things work are let me actually show you. 04:03.590 --> 04:05.300 Let me copy these things. 04:05.330 --> 04:05.620 All right. 04:05.630 --> 04:06.650 I'll copy this up. 04:06.950 --> 04:09.950 And within the atom editor, I'll paste it. 04:10.820 --> 04:11.450 All right. 04:11.780 --> 04:21.590 So now the way things would work here is you do a configure and various options which are specified 04:21.590 --> 04:22.150 over here. 04:22.160 --> 04:25.720 You have to mention the appropriate values for that. 04:25.730 --> 04:31.010 So for prefix, let's say you specify user share nginx. 04:31.130 --> 04:32.780 This is just an example. 04:32.870 --> 04:42.680 Then for sbin path, you specify this, you say user bin or user is bin and for modules port and so 04:42.680 --> 04:42.970 on. 04:42.980 --> 04:44.950 So this is how things would work. 04:44.960 --> 04:52.340 So generally in order to make things easy, we'll use the readymade values which are associated with 04:52.340 --> 04:53.240 these path. 04:54.950 --> 05:02.480 So when you look into the engine which was installed through Yum, there are already the values which 05:02.480 --> 05:03.980 are predefined. 05:04.010 --> 05:06.530 So we'll use the same values here. 05:06.560 --> 05:08.810 So what are the things that we need? 05:08.840 --> 05:10.370 We need prefix. 05:10.400 --> 05:12.300 We'll need SBN path. 05:12.320 --> 05:14.630 We'll need a module path. 05:14.660 --> 05:17.210 We'll also need the conf path. 05:17.840 --> 05:19.430 The error log path. 05:19.460 --> 05:21.590 The http log path. 05:22.730 --> 05:25.880 We'll also need the client body path here. 05:25.910 --> 05:26.270 All right. 05:26.270 --> 05:28.130 So these are the minimum things. 05:28.130 --> 05:30.050 So I'll just copy it up here. 05:30.050 --> 05:38.300 And along with that it is also recommended to make use of user specify the group. 05:38.300 --> 05:43.220 And while we are doing that, we also have to specify the PID path and the log path. 05:44.720 --> 05:46.530 So let's go back here. 05:46.550 --> 05:48.470 So here you have the PID path. 05:48.500 --> 05:55.140 You have the log path, you have the user as enginex and the group as Enginex. 05:55.140 --> 05:56.790 So I'll copy this up 05:59.790 --> 06:03.810 and within my atom editor I'll just paste them. 06:03.840 --> 06:04.620 All right. 06:04.890 --> 06:08.310 So this is how the configure command would look like. 06:08.520 --> 06:14.910 Now, apart from this, if you want to add a module here, you can definitely do that. 06:14.910 --> 06:18.690 So for our example, let's add one module. 06:18.690 --> 06:22.200 So I'll say with http mp4 module. 06:22.200 --> 06:25.110 So this is just an example that we are using here. 06:26.160 --> 06:30.510 So I'll specify with http, underscore MP4 module. 06:30.510 --> 06:34.290 So once you have this built, go ahead and configure this. 06:36.320 --> 06:38.380 So let me paste everything here. 06:38.390 --> 06:41.150 So this is the entire command that is being formed. 06:41.330 --> 06:49.430 Now, before we run this, do remember that there are certain things that you will have to create because 06:49.430 --> 06:55.570 currently here you see you have user is equal to nginx group is equal to Nginx. 06:55.580 --> 07:02.050 However, when you do an ID, you see the Nginx, no such user is there. 07:02.060 --> 07:07.120 So the user thinks are some of the parts that you will have to create. 07:07.130 --> 07:08.960 So let's go ahead and do it. 07:08.960 --> 07:11.120 I'll say user add Nginx. 07:11.720 --> 07:14.030 All right, so now we have the Nginx user. 07:14.030 --> 07:18.290 We'll also have to specify this specific directory path. 07:18.650 --> 07:28.490 So I'll copy this up and I'll say mkdir hyphen P I'll specify this path and I'll change the ownership 07:28.490 --> 07:33.350 so that the user nginx will be able to access this path. 07:33.380 --> 07:36.570 So I'll change the ownership to nginx. 07:39.070 --> 07:39.490 All right. 07:39.610 --> 07:45.370 Now, various other things can be automatically created by Nginx. 07:45.370 --> 07:48.730 So that is something that we don't have to worry much about. 07:48.730 --> 07:53.470 So with this said, let's go ahead and run the configure command. 07:57.740 --> 07:58.220 All right. 07:58.340 --> 08:02.630 So once this is done, you can go ahead and run, make command. 08:05.850 --> 08:09.600 And the last thing that we'll do is the make install command. 08:10.080 --> 08:10.860 Perfect. 08:10.860 --> 08:17.730 So once you have done that, you should be able to see the nginx directory and this Nginx directory 08:17.730 --> 08:20.640 has all the necessary configuration files. 08:20.670 --> 08:25.740 Now the next important thing is to make sure whether the enginex service is there or not. 08:25.770 --> 08:33.180 So when you do a systemctl status enginex you see that it is not able to find the Nginx service. 08:33.180 --> 08:36.840 So basically you will have to download this specific file. 08:37.110 --> 08:43.920 Now the official documentation already has this specific file and its contents, so these are the contents 08:43.920 --> 08:45.830 that we are interested in. 08:45.840 --> 08:50.370 So let's copy the path here and let's do a nano. 08:51.580 --> 08:54.370 And within here, we'll just paste the contents. 08:54.850 --> 08:56.770 Let's paste the content. 08:57.670 --> 08:58.270 All right. 08:58.300 --> 09:01.030 Now, we don't really have to edit here. 09:01.060 --> 09:09.760 Now, in case in case if you are not using the default values here, then you might have to edit the 09:09.790 --> 09:13.510 values associated within the service definition here. 09:13.540 --> 09:19.060 Now, since we are using the default path, we don't really have to do that and that is the advantage 09:19.060 --> 09:20.910 of using the default path. 09:20.920 --> 09:26.290 You don't have to worry much about the later stages, so I'll go ahead and I'll save it. 09:26.500 --> 09:30.670 So once it is done, let's verify whether the Nginx service is running. 09:30.700 --> 09:34.060 So it says that the Nginx service is inactive. 09:34.090 --> 09:36.970 All right, let's go ahead and start the Nginx service. 09:39.150 --> 09:42.360 And now let's do a status on Nginx. 09:43.680 --> 09:46.530 And you see the nginx is up and running. 09:46.560 --> 09:56.130 Now if you do a netstat on hyphen p you should see that the nginx is listening on port 80. 09:56.160 --> 10:01.440 So in order to quickly verify you can do a curl on 127001. 10:01.860 --> 10:05.970 You should be able to see the default nginx page. 10:05.970 --> 10:11.460 So if you want to also quickly verify, let's get the public IP address of this server. 10:12.630 --> 10:17.280 And when you paste it within the browser, you should be able to see the default. 10:17.280 --> 10:19.230 Welcome to Nginx page. 10:19.230 --> 10:25.170 So that's the high level overview about how you can compile Nginx from source. 10:25.200 --> 10:32.460 Now once you know on how you can compile nginx from source, then it will also be easier for you to 10:32.460 --> 10:36.870 understand the static as well as dynamic modules aspect. 10:36.900 --> 10:45.240 Now one last thing because when we do a nginx v hyphen here you see the output of this is much more 10:45.240 --> 10:50.940 less when you compare with the default Yum base installation. 10:52.530 --> 10:52.890 All right. 10:52.890 --> 10:54.690 So it is much more lesser. 10:54.690 --> 11:00.720 But one thing that you have to make sure that when you're running this in production environment, make 11:00.750 --> 11:07.590 sure that the functionality that you typically need within production, you have the appropriate modules 11:07.590 --> 11:08.220 for that. 11:08.250 --> 11:13.170 Otherwise, at a later stage, you will realize that you do not really have a module for a specific 11:13.170 --> 11:14.930 functionality that you are looking. 11:14.940 --> 11:23.010 So generally what many of the people they do, they directly just copy this entire thing and they remove 11:23.040 --> 11:26.050 certain modules which are not required. 11:26.100 --> 11:30.960 So for example, if you do not really require MP four, they'll just remove this. 11:30.960 --> 11:38.890 Otherwise most of the things people tend to keep it same as the one that comes from the package repository. 11:39.010 --> 11:47.350 So that's the high level overview about how you can compile Nginx from source and configure things according 11:47.380 --> 11:48.870 to your needs. 11:48.880 --> 11:50.980 So with this we'll conclude this video. 11:51.010 --> 11:54.850 I hope this video has been informative for you and I look forward to see you in the next video.