WEBVTT 00:00.170 --> 00:00.650 Hey, everyone. 00:00.650 --> 00:01.510 And welcome back. 00:01.520 --> 00:04.970 Now in today's video, we will be discussing about the server blocks. 00:05.000 --> 00:10.100 Now, server block is a very important area which you will be extensively working with in Nginx. 00:10.100 --> 00:11.750 So let's quickly get started. 00:11.930 --> 00:18.170 So at a high level overview, Nginx makes use of server block to group the configuration detail and 00:18.170 --> 00:21.410 also host multiple domains on a single server. 00:21.410 --> 00:26.960 Now by default, let's look into the default server block that comes with Nginx. 00:26.960 --> 00:29.300 So this is how the server block looks like. 00:29.300 --> 00:36.470 And this is basically a default dot conf, which is part of the conf directory and this gets added to 00:36.470 --> 00:39.790 the http context using the include directive. 00:39.800 --> 00:44.630 Now this server block basically contains multiple different directives. 00:44.630 --> 00:47.030 First one is listen and you have a port. 00:47.030 --> 00:52.910 So this is very easy to understand, which basically means on which port the nginx should listen. 00:52.910 --> 00:55.670 And along with that you have a server underscore name. 00:55.670 --> 00:58.430 We'll be discussing more on this in detail at a later part. 00:58.460 --> 01:00.870 However, let's focus on location. 01:00.870 --> 01:07.380 So location basically means from which location, the index.html or any website file that you might 01:07.380 --> 01:08.700 have should be loaded. 01:08.700 --> 01:16.080 So whenever a user opens up the domain or whenever a user opens up the IP, some HTML file or some kind 01:16.080 --> 01:17.430 of a web file should load. 01:17.430 --> 01:24.690 So from which location the web file should load is part of the location directive under the server block. 01:24.690 --> 01:25.770 So let's do one thing. 01:25.770 --> 01:27.840 Let's go ahead and look into it. 01:27.840 --> 01:36.750 So currently I am within the Nginx conf directory and we have a default dot conf file that is available. 01:36.750 --> 01:44.310 So if I'll quickly do a cat on default dot conf if you go a bit up you basically have a server block 01:44.310 --> 01:49.920 and along with that you have various other configuration which is commented out. 01:49.920 --> 01:53.520 So this is primarily for the documentation purpose. 01:53.520 --> 01:59.010 If you want to see on how things can work, they have added a sample snippet as well. 01:59.040 --> 01:59.730 Great. 01:59.730 --> 02:05.670 So as we were discussing, first one under the server block is the listen directive and the port is 02:05.670 --> 02:06.060 80. 02:06.090 --> 02:08.980 Now if you quickly do a netstat a.l.p. 02:09.240 --> 02:09.720 All right. 02:09.720 --> 02:13.530 So it basically states that the netstat command not found. 02:13.530 --> 02:17.190 So let's quickly look into how we can download it. 02:17.190 --> 02:18.240 So I'll say yum. 02:18.240 --> 02:24.480 What provides netstat and netstat is coming from a base OS over here. 02:24.480 --> 02:29.250 So this is the repo and this is basically the part of the networking tool. 02:29.250 --> 02:34.950 So let's go ahead and also download net hyphen tools here. 02:36.000 --> 02:36.600 Perfect. 02:36.930 --> 02:39.570 So now let's quickly do a netstat hyphen. 02:40.170 --> 02:46.500 P And currently you see that you have a Nginx that is running on port of 80. 02:46.530 --> 02:50.160 Now it is not always essential that it should run on port 80. 02:50.190 --> 02:53.760 Many organizations, they make use of a custom port as well. 02:53.760 --> 02:55.290 So how you can modify it. 02:55.320 --> 02:58.950 We know we can go ahead and change the defaults dot conf. 02:58.980 --> 03:02.880 Let's change this from port 80 to port 8080. 03:03.300 --> 03:04.580 I'll go ahead and save it. 03:04.590 --> 03:10.500 Let's quickly verify our configuration and let's quickly restart our nginx here. 03:10.920 --> 03:11.640 All right. 03:11.790 --> 03:17.910 Now if we run the netstat command yet again, you should see that nginx is now listening on port 80. 03:18.210 --> 03:25.620 Now whenever a web server is listening on a port, which is other than 80, then you'll have to explicitly 03:25.620 --> 03:27.640 specify the port within the browser. 03:27.660 --> 03:34.740 For example, when we add the IP address of our Nginx server, currently it is loaded, but let's do 03:34.740 --> 03:39.900 a hard refresh here to ensure that there is no caching that happens here immediately. 03:39.910 --> 03:43.960 Here you basically see it states that the site cannot be reached. 03:43.960 --> 03:45.370 Connection refused. 03:45.400 --> 03:52.000 All right, so now in order for the website to work what you need to do, you will have to specify the 03:52.000 --> 03:55.140 IP address where the engine is listening, which is 80, 80. 03:55.150 --> 04:00.190 And as soon as you do that, you see our default page is coming up over here. 04:00.370 --> 04:00.850 Great. 04:00.850 --> 04:02.170 So this is one part. 04:02.200 --> 04:03.790 Second important part. 04:03.820 --> 04:07.840 Let's quickly do a cat on the defaults dot conf. 04:07.870 --> 04:14.140 The second important part that I wanted to show you is this location directory and within near the root 04:14.140 --> 04:16.240 is usr share nginx. 04:16.510 --> 04:17.240 HTML. 04:17.260 --> 04:19.540 So let's quickly go to this directory. 04:19.540 --> 04:22.000 I'll say usr share nginx. 04:22.210 --> 04:22.870 HTML. 04:23.500 --> 04:24.220 All right. 04:24.220 --> 04:32.980 And if i do an ls hyphen l you should see that we have an index dot HTML file and we have A50X dot HTML 04:32.980 --> 04:34.280 file that is available. 04:34.300 --> 04:40.240 Now if you look into the configuration under the location directory, the first path is basically the 04:40.240 --> 04:45.250 location from which the HTML files will be loaded or your website files will be loaded. 04:45.250 --> 04:47.920 And the second important part is the index. 04:47.920 --> 04:55.000 So basically whenever a user opens up your website, what is the default file that should load? 04:55.000 --> 04:59.230 And the default file is something that is specified at an index level. 04:59.230 --> 05:03.700 So one of the files that is specified here is index dot HTML. 05:03.700 --> 05:08.530 And this is one of the reasons why this index dot HTML file will be loaded. 05:08.530 --> 05:13.830 And if you quickly do a cat on index dot HTML file, it is nothing but the HTML file here. 05:13.840 --> 05:17.170 And this is the exact thing that we see within the browser. 05:17.170 --> 05:21.850 So let's go ahead and also modify this to see how Nginx would behave. 05:21.880 --> 05:26.770 Let's create a new file called as default dot HTML. 05:26.770 --> 05:30.700 And I'll say this is a custom index file. 05:31.480 --> 05:32.890 All right, I'll save this. 05:33.010 --> 05:41.830 And along with this, let's also modify our default dot conf file and within the index here let's change 05:41.830 --> 05:44.620 it to default dot HTML. 05:45.040 --> 05:45.490 All right. 05:45.490 --> 05:50.320 So by default this specific file will be loaded whenever someone visits the website. 05:50.320 --> 05:56.020 So let's quickly verify our configuration and let's quickly do a systemctl restart Nginx. 05:56.020 --> 06:02.800 So now let's refresh the page with Ctrl F5 and this time you see our custom index file is loaded. 06:02.830 --> 06:03.370 Great. 06:03.370 --> 06:07.150 So I hope with this you understood the basics of server block. 06:07.180 --> 06:13.300 Along with that, we were discussing about the lesson and the importance of this location block under 06:13.300 --> 06:14.710 the default dot conf. 06:14.740 --> 06:17.470 So that's the high level overview about the server block. 06:17.470 --> 06:19.000 In the later part of the videos. 06:19.000 --> 06:21.220 We'll be discussing about this in more detail. 06:21.250 --> 06:23.950 However, with this, we'll conclude today's video.