WEBVTT 00:00.220 --> 00:05.640 Now, we have some basic animation here in our scene, let's take a look at how we can manipulate how 00:05.640 --> 00:07.840 this is actually being animated. 00:08.280 --> 00:13.670 One of the major, major places that we will do that is in the graph editor. 00:13.980 --> 00:20.540 So let's open that up or we can go to Windows animation editors and go to graph editor. 00:21.360 --> 00:29.340 You can also get to this window by going to the panels up here and changing the panel to a graph here. 00:29.340 --> 00:33.300 You can see it's great out because we already have it open, but that's another way to do it. 00:33.300 --> 00:35.640 If we wanted to split this window. 00:36.110 --> 00:39.440 That'd be another way we can go to we can use panels as well. 00:39.450 --> 00:42.870 I like to hold down space bar for the hot box and go to panels this way. 00:42.870 --> 00:48.570 But you can also get the panels here, like I like to go to layouts and go to panes stacked. 00:48.570 --> 00:49.650 That means vertically. 00:50.040 --> 00:57.090 So now we have two panes and then we can make this one be the graph editor panel so we can have the 00:57.090 --> 01:02.070 graph editor and this view open and at the same time. 01:02.340 --> 01:04.260 And they're doctored, nicely organized. 01:04.530 --> 01:10.490 We can also switch just to this view by hitting space bar one time while our cursor is over this view. 01:10.980 --> 01:18.950 So now we can take a look at what is the animation that we have, what it looks like in the graph editor. 01:19.830 --> 01:25.260 So the graph editor is going to be your best friend. 01:26.940 --> 01:34.440 What we have is a representation of time, which is across the bottom here, as you had expected, because 01:34.440 --> 01:35.970 our timeline is across the bottom two. 01:36.000 --> 01:41.730 So you can kind of see I'm holding down alt and middle mouse tracking to navigate around the same type 01:41.730 --> 01:43.830 of navigation you do in the viewport. 01:44.280 --> 01:51.540 The only difference and thing you might want to do is hit command shift and right click and drag. 01:52.080 --> 01:58.560 We can scale the type of view that we have here in both X and Y directions. 01:58.560 --> 02:00.690 It might be alten shift if you're on a PC. 02:00.690 --> 02:01.530 I'm on a Mac. 02:01.530 --> 02:07.860 So it's command and shift for me so we can also have a an F and frame up on stuff. 02:08.250 --> 02:13.440 But you can see these little black dots or are going to represent our key frames and these lines in 02:13.440 --> 02:20.490 between them are basically saying this is the computer interpolating between point A to point B to C 02:20.490 --> 02:29.460 to point D. and how it's going to travel along the time and how the values are going to change the y 02:29.460 --> 02:32.130 axis here, the vertical axis are values. 02:32.520 --> 02:37.020 So we can see with this key frame selected, if we look over here in this little menu, that kind of 02:37.020 --> 02:37.980 looks like the outliner. 02:37.980 --> 02:43.260 But for the graph editor, we can see we have translate y selected because it has a little green square 02:43.260 --> 02:43.590 here. 02:43.890 --> 02:45.950 If we select something else, that will change. 02:46.410 --> 02:48.510 So we have y translate, why select it? 02:48.510 --> 02:51.830 And if we go back into our viewport, we can see translate. 02:51.840 --> 02:57.320 Why is the vertical axis and we can see that on our manipulator here, which it's yellow right now. 02:57.330 --> 03:00.060 So if I click on the middle it will change it. 03:00.060 --> 03:03.860 And on isolate that it was yellow because it was isolated. 03:03.870 --> 03:09.180 So if I start middle mouse trying this, no matter where my cursor goes, it's only going to go up and 03:09.180 --> 03:09.510 down. 03:10.290 --> 03:18.270 So to d isolate that, you can just select the middle box here so we can see the why is indeed green 03:18.270 --> 03:21.270 and it's translate why here is the vertical axis. 03:21.660 --> 03:24.980 So that correlates to this right here. 03:25.290 --> 03:32.730 So we can actually manipulate the keys from the graph editor so I can shift middle mouse, drag these 03:32.730 --> 03:33.540 up and down. 03:33.930 --> 03:39.360 And even though I'm not on the actual keyframe itself, you can see because I'm at this point in the 03:39.360 --> 03:46.410 timeline where this red line is, I am at a place where the value is going to change because where it 03:46.410 --> 03:49.820 is interpolating from is is changing as well. 03:50.340 --> 03:51.960 So let's take a look at the beginning of this. 03:51.960 --> 03:55.200 We have one issue that's happening here. 03:55.200 --> 03:59.340 We have it's crashing through the cliff here. 03:59.340 --> 04:04.410 So we need to drag this over a little bit and add a couple more key frames. 04:04.770 --> 04:12.150 So I'm going to shift select everything and move this over to keyframes and go back to the six key frame. 04:12.480 --> 04:18.900 And I'm going to add s or actually just undo that and hit W just for so that we can only key the translations. 04:19.380 --> 04:26.490 And I'm going to move this over on this second key frame so we can see what just happened. 04:26.490 --> 04:35.190 I change the Z translate here that this is the one that moved and again I could shift middle mouse, 04:35.190 --> 04:40.740 drag this and manipulate the object here from the graph editor. 04:42.470 --> 04:48.680 So you also have to be careful when your shift middle mouse dragging, it's going to take the first 04:48.680 --> 04:49.600 direction you move in. 04:49.610 --> 04:53.990 So if I'm moving the mouse up and down, you can see the cursor changes and it goes up and down. 04:54.410 --> 05:01.580 Now, if I accidentally go right to left before I start moving the mouse up and down, it's going to 05:01.580 --> 05:04.490 get locked and this this direction. 05:04.490 --> 05:09.590 And that's just moving the key frame to a different point in time so we can undo that. 05:09.590 --> 05:14.450 But so just know that the first movement you make with your mouse is going to be which direction it 05:14.450 --> 05:17.330 isolates the movement of these key frames. 05:17.330 --> 05:24.890 And so now we have that problem kind of solved so it can go off the cliff here in those first two frames 05:25.550 --> 05:29.110 and it is going down to the ground. 05:29.540 --> 05:32.630 And if we watch it, it feels kind of soft, right. 05:32.660 --> 05:37.370 So let's play this back hitting all be it kind of feels really soft. 05:38.000 --> 05:38.870 And why is that? 05:38.900 --> 05:41.630 Well, it's because it slows down before it hits the ground. 05:41.990 --> 05:42.680 We can see. 05:44.120 --> 05:49.880 That it is kind of going fast here and then it slows down here right at the end, and then it picks 05:49.880 --> 05:54.770 back up speed and then it slows down and then it slows down again when it gets close to the ground over 05:54.770 --> 05:55.100 here. 05:56.030 --> 06:01.390 So we can change that type of speed through the graph editor as well. 06:01.670 --> 06:09.410 We could also make individual keyframes here to make this continue to go fast at the end here so it 06:09.410 --> 06:10.360 doesn't slow down. 06:10.820 --> 06:12.020 So let's just take a look at that. 06:12.290 --> 06:19.760 That already feels much, much better just putting in these new key frames where, you know, it's going 06:19.760 --> 06:22.190 to keep it speed up when it bounces here. 06:24.110 --> 06:26.240 You can already feel the difference. 06:26.910 --> 06:29.150 Hopefully you can see this in your scene as well. 06:29.430 --> 06:31.010 So that already feels good. 06:31.010 --> 06:33.080 But it adds a lot of keys here. 06:33.090 --> 06:38.090 You know, we have we're already starting to add keys on almost every frame in this little section. 06:38.090 --> 06:41.390 So to prevent ourselves from doing that, I'm just going to. 06:41.390 --> 06:41.720 Right. 06:41.720 --> 06:47.720 Click on these key frames and go to delete here to get rid of those to prevent us having to set keyframes. 06:47.720 --> 06:48.760 Let's work a little smarter. 06:48.770 --> 06:50.240 Let's go back to the graph editor. 06:50.690 --> 06:54.710 And we don't want to affect the translate Z just yet. 06:55.530 --> 06:56.690 Let's go to translate. 06:56.690 --> 06:59.870 Why now we can see what the culprit is. 06:59.870 --> 07:07.550 We can see visually that indeed the ball starts slow and it speeds up here because this this ramp, 07:07.550 --> 07:10.790 this kind of slope here means it's going fast. 07:10.790 --> 07:11.120 Right. 07:11.520 --> 07:14.900 It's changing value quickly over a short amount of time. 07:15.090 --> 07:20.810 OK, and these are concepts you just need to start to kind of get comfortable with understanding, seeing 07:20.810 --> 07:23.490 motion represented in a graph form. 07:23.550 --> 07:28.460 OK, so we have it going fast here and then it starts to slow down. 07:28.460 --> 07:30.640 See how this kind of gets flat here. 07:30.650 --> 07:34.520 If this was totally flat, right, the ball wouldn't move at all. 07:34.700 --> 07:37.640 OK, we can and we can see that here in these first two key frames. 07:37.640 --> 07:38.830 See how it's totally flat. 07:39.410 --> 07:45.440 The ball is moving, but not in the wider action, staying totally even in the Y direction. 07:45.950 --> 07:49.270 So if this is flat, we know that it's not going anywhere. 07:49.280 --> 07:51.950 So if it's very steep, we know it's going somewhere very fast. 07:52.370 --> 07:58.160 And in our case, it's the Y translation because that's the one we've isolated here and are focusing 07:58.160 --> 07:58.370 on. 07:58.730 --> 08:02.360 So when it starts to flatten back out, we know it's slowing down here again. 08:02.720 --> 08:09.170 So we need to keep that speed all the way through to this key frame, because if you think about the 08:09.170 --> 08:13.070 physics of a falling object, the object doesn't know it's falling. 08:13.380 --> 08:19.370 OK, so when it's coming close to the ground, is the object going to slow down or is it going to keep 08:19.370 --> 08:20.270 going the same speed? 08:21.050 --> 08:25.670 It's going to keep going the same speed because it doesn't know that's coming close to the ground. 08:25.670 --> 08:26.710 So why would it slow down? 08:26.720 --> 08:30.230 It doesn't have a brain to know that it's slowing down. 08:30.230 --> 08:36.590 So even though the is trying to help us here by interpolate between these two key frames, it doesn't 08:36.590 --> 08:37.580 know what we're doing. 08:37.580 --> 08:37.850 Right. 08:37.850 --> 08:40.940 It doesn't know what the thing we're animating is in the context of it. 08:40.940 --> 08:47.360 So it's always up to the animator to control all of these things at the end of the day, OK, whether 08:47.360 --> 08:52.160 you're drawing it with a pencil and paper or it's on a computer, this is your responsibility as an 08:52.160 --> 08:52.610 animator. 08:53.600 --> 08:58.730 The computer is not going to do all this stuff for you for free, which is a very common misconception 08:59.060 --> 09:02.450 that you will eventually painfully learn is not true. 09:02.870 --> 09:06.290 So let's how do we fix this without adding more keyframes? 09:06.530 --> 09:11.780 Let's select this keyframe and you can see we get these little pink handles here and we can actually 09:11.780 --> 09:13.190 change the direction here. 09:13.190 --> 09:21.380 If we go to a keyframe where this line is going through it, we can see that we actually change the 09:21.410 --> 09:25.160 kind of graph of this object. 09:25.520 --> 09:29.290 So let's how do we get this to go straight, though? 09:29.300 --> 09:35.900 We need to break this somehow so we can keep this line to go straight and but have the other side to 09:35.900 --> 09:38.540 stay straight as well, going back up to this key frame. 09:38.900 --> 09:40.400 So we need to break these tangents. 09:40.400 --> 09:44.630 And this is this little button here that looks like a V, and we can click that. 09:44.630 --> 09:49.700 And now you can see this changes to a blue and yellow basically line. 09:50.060 --> 09:54.410 So now we can isolate this and translate that up. 09:54.440 --> 09:57.710 A middle man selected this in a middle mouse dragging it. 09:58.190 --> 10:05.430 So I'm going to get it up into a position that makes sense for what an object is going to kind of travel 10:05.430 --> 10:08.000 a distance and fall and do the same thing. 10:08.000 --> 10:10.700 It's going to have a kind of a recoil here and bounce back up. 10:11.030 --> 10:13.640 I can go ahead and do that to this other side as well. 10:13.970 --> 10:15.890 I'm going to go ahead and break those tangents. 10:15.890 --> 10:20.360 These are called tangent handles and get that to balance properly. 10:20.960 --> 10:25.100 The other thing we can do real quick before we hit play is to look at translate Z. 10:25.100 --> 10:29.120 We can see that it has an inconsistent kind of speed. 10:29.120 --> 10:34.310 But if this thing is going across a way here, it's probably not going to change speed in this direction. 10:34.310 --> 10:34.640 Right. 10:34.880 --> 10:37.400 It's going to keep going, traveling this direction in the same speed. 10:37.820 --> 10:43.220 So let's get rid of these keyframes for now and then let's make this. 10:43.830 --> 10:50.940 Linear tangent, we could move this and try to eyeball it and get it straight, or we could use these 10:50.940 --> 10:55.110 little nice shortcuts up here to make this be linear. 10:55.440 --> 11:00.530 So right now, the default is an auto tangent, meaning it's going to try to make everything smooth. 11:00.930 --> 11:04.950 But we know we want this to be a straight line and we don't want to slow down at the end. 11:05.460 --> 11:10.700 So let's hit the linear tangents button and it's going to straighten that out for us. 11:11.310 --> 11:11.620 Cool. 11:11.760 --> 11:15.180 So let's get back into this view and play. 11:20.540 --> 11:27.710 So already we have a bouncing ball that feels much, much more realistic, it doesn't slow down when 11:27.710 --> 11:32.390 it gets close to the ground that we've learned about the graph, Ed, and we have learned more about 11:32.600 --> 11:37.180 framing and tangent handles and so many things in this short video. 11:37.370 --> 11:43.910 So the next lesson we are going to continue to refine this animation, make it look better and learn 11:43.910 --> 11:46.210 a few more principles of animation in general. 11:46.640 --> 11:52.460 So I would encourage you to maybe make a few more bounces here and we will clean those up in the next 11:52.460 --> 11:52.820 lesson. 11:53.030 --> 11:53.720 Thanks for watching.