WEBVTT 00:00.460 --> 00:07.360 Let's tackle our first actual binding of geometry to the joints, what is known as skinning in this 00:07.360 --> 00:09.520 lesson, and we're going to do that on the spine. 00:09.850 --> 00:15.250 But first, let's let's start from where we left off and we have the legs done and we need to get the 00:15.250 --> 00:15.930 hips done. 00:15.940 --> 00:20.980 So the hips are going to be pretty easy because we have our own hip joint here, which is controlled 00:20.980 --> 00:22.180 by its own controller. 00:22.520 --> 00:26.410 You can see that we can start to play with our rig a little bit there. 00:26.830 --> 00:32.860 And all we need to do is simply just parent that to the hip joints so we can select the child first. 00:32.860 --> 00:40.540 And then the parent had PE and now we have the hips will move along with the legs and it's can be very 00:40.540 --> 00:46.960 distracting once you get to this point to just start playing with the rig like this, everyone does 00:46.960 --> 00:47.080 it. 00:47.090 --> 00:51.320 So if you get distracted for like 15 minutes and you just do that, that is very normal. 00:52.060 --> 00:52.450 All right. 00:52.450 --> 01:01.000 So let's talk about actually binding the geometry to the joints here, because we have a lot of spine 01:01.000 --> 01:01.540 joints. 01:02.020 --> 01:04.700 And how do we approach this? 01:04.750 --> 01:05.190 All right. 01:05.500 --> 01:11.650 The easiest way for us to do this is going to be to combine the mesh of the spine joints so that individual 01:11.650 --> 01:12.700 pieces anymore. 01:13.210 --> 01:16.810 Now that we have this kind of done and we like where they're at, we can do that. 01:17.560 --> 01:20.800 So let's find them most select one and head off in outliners. 01:20.810 --> 01:22.510 We can find all the spine joints here. 01:22.880 --> 01:28.540 It's going to shift select all of them and go to the modeling menu up here, go to Mesh Combine. 01:30.040 --> 01:31.630 And now they're all one piece. 01:31.630 --> 01:35.170 And we have all this nasty history here of all these groups. 01:35.170 --> 01:39.790 So we can, with the spine still selected, go to delete by type, go to history. 01:40.570 --> 01:49.330 And now we get rid of all those nasty groups knowing his spine and let's begin selecting the joints 01:49.330 --> 01:51.960 that we want to include on this binding. 01:52.450 --> 02:00.310 So you want the hips because we have this little bone down here, the tailbone basically that is below 02:00.310 --> 02:03.850 this joint in here, this kog joint. 02:04.510 --> 02:12.940 And I'm going to open up the channel box here so you can see the names of things and we can see it's 02:12.940 --> 02:15.460 constrained constraint, the controller, what we would expect and all that stuff. 02:15.460 --> 02:20.020 But just you can see the names here so we could start here. 02:20.020 --> 02:24.790 But we're going to leave out this hip control that we just added to the hips. 02:24.790 --> 02:30.100 And we want, I think, this tailbone to follow this hip rotation here. 02:30.100 --> 02:33.430 So we need to include this joint to start with the hips. 02:33.550 --> 02:34.030 All right. 02:34.390 --> 02:37.540 And then we can hit CU. 02:37.540 --> 02:44.200 So we get this select tool and shift, click and drag and select each joint up the chain. 02:44.740 --> 02:48.880 And as the bottom one turns white, you know, you selected the next one. 02:48.880 --> 02:49.210 Right. 02:49.210 --> 02:53.380 So everything up to this one has been selected. 02:53.650 --> 02:59.530 It can be a little confusing on what you have selected, so just make sure to pay attention to that. 02:59.890 --> 03:03.880 So we basically want to select all the joints that are included in the spine. 03:04.240 --> 03:07.750 We don't want to select the head joint because we'll do that later. 03:07.750 --> 03:09.550 And that's going to be just for the head. 03:10.120 --> 03:11.440 So we'll leave that one. 03:12.250 --> 03:16.060 And now the last thing we select is this geometry. 03:16.510 --> 03:23.080 So let's go to the rigging menu here and go to scan and look at the Byrn skinned options. 03:23.590 --> 03:24.610 Let's walk through this. 03:25.150 --> 03:28.060 There's a lot here, but it's really not that complicated. 03:28.600 --> 03:32.530 The only thing you really need to look at is what we're going to bind to. 03:33.190 --> 03:37.000 We don't want to bind to the hierarchy. 03:37.330 --> 03:42.340 We want to make sure we bind only to the selected joints, because in the hierarchy there's the shoulders, 03:42.340 --> 03:43.720 the clavicles, the arms. 03:44.050 --> 03:48.850 There are a lot of things in the hierarchy, but we just want to make sure we're we're binding to the 03:48.850 --> 03:49.720 selected joints. 03:49.720 --> 03:51.280 That's why we made that selection. 03:51.970 --> 03:57.220 And then all this default stuff is pretty, pretty good out of the box. 03:57.220 --> 03:59.650 There's no real reason to get into this stuff. 04:00.400 --> 04:08.440 It's a lot of crazy math and it's not worth getting into from a beginner level. 04:09.280 --> 04:12.940 I rarely change that stuff, normalize the weights, blah, blah, blah. 04:12.940 --> 04:13.750 That's fine. 04:15.100 --> 04:17.440 Weight distribution is fine. 04:17.440 --> 04:22.450 And the next big thing, really, the second big thing you wanna look at is max influences. 04:22.450 --> 04:27.430 And that means how many joints do we want to be able to influence a vertices? 04:28.000 --> 04:28.450 All right. 04:28.840 --> 04:36.160 Did we want, let's say, the neck joint appear to possibly influence this bottom vertices? 04:36.910 --> 04:37.810 Absolutely not. 04:37.810 --> 04:38.710 That makes no sense. 04:38.980 --> 04:41.260 We don't want five joints build influence. 04:41.260 --> 04:46.800 One vertices that might make sense on like I don't even really know what like a finger or something. 04:46.810 --> 04:48.610 I don't even know when that would make sense. 04:49.510 --> 04:51.160 But so we want to reduce this. 04:51.160 --> 04:53.740 We really we just want like to right. 04:54.100 --> 04:59.650 If you look at the distribution of joints, you know, the distance between them dictates. 04:59.820 --> 05:01.590 How many influences you're going to want? 05:01.920 --> 05:03.580 I would think so. 05:03.630 --> 05:09.510 You could do like two or maybe even three would make sense, but I'm not going to stick to two for now. 05:09.960 --> 05:12.060 And that's really all you want. 05:12.060 --> 05:17.700 And the resolution is basically the size of the weight maps, I believe. 05:17.700 --> 05:20.490 And we could just crank that up a little bit to five, 12. 05:21.150 --> 05:22.290 That's pixels. 05:22.290 --> 05:24.210 And yeah, then we're ready to go. 05:24.210 --> 05:24.990 Let's just apply. 05:26.580 --> 05:32.730 So it's going to think for a second and then it's going to deselect everything so we can close this 05:33.210 --> 05:38.670 now, select all of our spine controls here and take this for a spin. 05:38.670 --> 05:42.090 And it looks like it's working pretty darn good. 05:43.040 --> 05:48.180 So we actually have defamations happening on the geometry. 05:48.190 --> 05:49.800 This is a totally new thing, right? 05:49.810 --> 05:50.780 We haven't done this before. 05:50.790 --> 05:53.610 We haven't done binding of geometry to joints. 05:53.880 --> 06:04.470 So now we get to see how the geometry deforms along with the joints deformation. 06:04.470 --> 06:04.690 Right. 06:04.720 --> 06:11.910 We get these kind of hitches here and that's OK, because it's kind of that the extreme levels here. 06:12.330 --> 06:17.490 And also this is something to think about, you know, the density of joints. 06:17.490 --> 06:18.870 This is kind of the trade off, right? 06:18.870 --> 06:27.630 Like for a better kind of faithful interpretation and defamation here, we would need a lot more joints. 06:28.260 --> 06:34.590 But the trade off is how many controls do you want to use when you're animating? 06:34.590 --> 06:39.370 Do you want to keep track and animate, you know, 10 controls in the spine? 06:39.390 --> 06:40.250 Probably not. 06:40.260 --> 06:42.300 That's maybe overkill. 06:42.300 --> 06:46.380 And when you're animating, you're going to want to, like, not enjoy that. 06:46.890 --> 06:53.640 So, you know, this is another example of what to think about when you're rigging. 06:54.360 --> 06:56.070 How many joints do we really need? 06:56.310 --> 06:58.770 How many controls do I want to give the animator? 06:59.250 --> 07:05.430 Will they hate me if I give them a ton of controls and it's useless because they're all they're going 07:05.430 --> 07:06.540 to use them all together. 07:06.570 --> 07:11.400 And is there another way to get around this type of wonky defamation? 07:11.400 --> 07:15.930 And and actually there is and that's something we're going to cover in the next lesson. 07:16.230 --> 07:23.340 So now that we've found the geometry, let's take a look at what that is actually doing behind the scenes 07:23.730 --> 07:26.010 and how we can affect that. 07:26.400 --> 07:32.490 You know, we can see that there's these sharp edges here when we deform this in a drastic way. 07:33.000 --> 07:39.360 But you know what's really dictating the influence over the geometry, right? 07:39.640 --> 07:45.990 Like if we look at the tailbone, it's not it's not totally moving one to one with the joint. 07:46.020 --> 07:46.470 Right. 07:46.920 --> 07:50.400 Like, if this was moving one to one, this should be pointing over here. 07:50.400 --> 07:50.730 Right. 07:50.730 --> 07:56.850 It should be pointing the same axes as the as the red X rotation here. 07:56.850 --> 07:57.210 Right. 07:58.520 --> 08:00.020 But it's kind of lagging behind. 08:00.050 --> 08:01.970 Well, let's try to figure out why that is. 08:02.660 --> 08:06.140 So there's something called weights, right? 08:06.560 --> 08:10.340 And that dictates how a Vertices is going to follow a joint. 08:10.610 --> 08:12.950 And remember, we did the maximum influences at 2:00. 08:12.950 --> 08:18.840 So we know that only two joints can act on a vertices. 08:19.310 --> 08:23.420 So let's open up this thing that we can actually see what I'm talking about. 08:23.450 --> 08:27.890 Let's go to skin and with the spine selected, let's go to paint skin whites. 08:28.460 --> 08:33.340 And this is another big piece of the puzzle here when we're talking about binding joints. 08:34.220 --> 08:38.420 So when I click that, you can see now we have this kind of black white representation. 08:38.840 --> 08:42.290 We can actually change that down here to use a color ramp if we want. 08:43.130 --> 08:48.980 And what this is saying is and this is also shows why it's important to name your joints, because now 08:48.980 --> 08:51.710 we can see which joint we're actually selecting here. 08:52.100 --> 08:52.480 Right. 08:52.850 --> 08:53.920 This is very important. 08:54.350 --> 08:58.010 So I'm going to go back to black and white for a second and. 09:00.210 --> 09:04.830 And I'm going to change the size of the brush, the brush is pretty big, so I'm going to go down here 09:04.830 --> 09:09.110 to stroke and go, yeah, point to yeah, looks pretty good. 09:09.780 --> 09:12.720 And what we can do, there's a lot going on here. 09:12.720 --> 09:13.100 Right. 09:13.350 --> 09:17.130 But and as is typical with Maya, it's not as complicated as it looks. 09:17.580 --> 09:24.360 We have the Moedas paint, the paint operations replace and the value we're going to paint is one. 09:25.050 --> 09:28.980 So we're going to say 100 percent follow bones. 09:28.980 --> 09:29.520 Hips. 09:29.550 --> 09:29.940 Right. 09:29.960 --> 09:31.500 This is the joint we have selected. 09:31.770 --> 09:35.250 This is the joint we are affecting the geometry on. 09:35.280 --> 09:35.670 Right. 09:36.120 --> 09:40.350 So if we start painting here, you can see it turns a brighter white. 09:40.920 --> 09:42.300 That means 100 hundred percent. 09:42.300 --> 09:42.690 Right. 09:43.230 --> 09:48.120 I mean, this thing is going to follow 100 percent this joint that we have selected. 09:48.600 --> 09:55.170 So I'm going to paint this entire little lower tailbone joint because I know I want it to follow the 09:55.170 --> 09:56.490 hip joint. 09:56.970 --> 09:58.200 One hundred percent. 09:58.470 --> 09:59.790 It's a whole solid piece. 09:59.820 --> 10:00.180 Right. 10:01.090 --> 10:05.450 So let's just paint this whole thing just clicking around and painting it. 10:05.880 --> 10:13.440 We can also get a more accurate, more faithful look at what the paint values are by going into the 10:13.440 --> 10:13.810 color. 10:13.830 --> 10:19.860 And we can see now that, you know, white is going to be hundred percent and some of this is still 10:19.860 --> 10:20.130 red. 10:20.130 --> 10:27.330 So we could really go over this a bunch of times and make sure it's it's actually one hundred where 10:27.330 --> 10:30.150 the other black and white map wasn't really giving us that. 10:30.150 --> 10:34.870 I was just giving us a kind of a larger interpretation of these values. 10:35.280 --> 10:38.510 OK, so that's that's good enough, I think, for our purposes. 10:38.520 --> 10:41.610 So let me go back into our manipulating. 10:41.610 --> 10:48.520 I just hit to get the tool up here, the move tool and easy to get to rotation. 10:48.930 --> 10:50.250 Now check this out. 10:50.530 --> 10:51.930 Now it moves one hundred percent. 10:51.930 --> 10:52.290 Right. 10:52.740 --> 10:56.100 It's following exactly where that hip joint is moving. 10:57.480 --> 11:01.200 And that might not be what we want, because now you can see this intersection, it's pretty rough, 11:01.200 --> 11:01.580 right? 11:02.500 --> 11:08.990 It's starting to crash in and to form a little bit, so we might not want it to be 100 percent, but 11:09.250 --> 11:16.630 but you get the idea now and why this is important and how we can affect the weights all along the spine. 11:17.020 --> 11:18.580 Let's not back in here for one second. 11:18.580 --> 11:22.300 I'm going to use the last use tool option over here to get back. 11:22.840 --> 11:30.280 And from the bones hips, the other thing that you can do, which is pretty nice, is go to smooth and 11:30.280 --> 11:31.690 then just flood and watch. 11:32.050 --> 11:33.160 Watch this over here. 11:33.650 --> 11:34.750 I'm going to flood. 11:36.190 --> 11:43.210 And this is not a good example, I think typically what will happen is it will smooth out these hard 11:43.210 --> 11:43.710 edges. 11:43.990 --> 11:48.220 So let me let me let me find a better example here. 11:48.250 --> 11:56.440 Let's go to the Kog here and let's see if that'll just happen by default on the default values. 11:57.010 --> 12:00.250 Yeah, everything looks like it's pretty smooth, quite a bit. 12:00.610 --> 12:05.710 But if we had harsh values here, um, so we have the paint tool. 12:05.710 --> 12:09.460 Let's go to a place and I'm just going to do that. 12:09.730 --> 12:10.080 All right. 12:10.540 --> 12:12.000 So now we have one hundred. 12:12.010 --> 12:12.940 It's pretty harsh. 12:13.150 --> 12:14.190 It's not a smooth edge. 12:14.200 --> 12:16.140 Let's go to smooth and then flood. 12:16.510 --> 12:19.030 Now you can see what the flood tool does. 12:19.300 --> 12:21.100 It just softens those edges out. 12:21.340 --> 12:24.790 So I can be very, very useful when you're painting. 12:24.790 --> 12:28.390 And it's hard to get kind of precisely what you're looking for. 12:29.020 --> 12:31.390 And you can also, of course, paint that on. 12:31.900 --> 12:36.220 But yeah, all this stuff looks like it's already really smooth anyways. 12:36.550 --> 12:39.700 So it's going to be harder to see that kind of a change here. 12:40.120 --> 12:42.610 But that is the paint skin Waite's tool. 12:43.060 --> 12:49.060 And in the next lesson, we're going to take a break from this rig and look at another rig and how the 12:49.060 --> 12:58.060 paint can weights work on more traditional human rig and how to do pose space defamations. 12:58.390 --> 12:59.080 Thanks for watching.