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Lopes permit us to repeat that action and the Python programming language.

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We have two main kinds of loops.

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We have the wire loop and the FA loop.

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Now, if the number of actions we are about to take out and known initially, we generally use the while

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loop and the case where the number of actions are already known.

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We generally use the for loop, but there are ways of actually using any of them in either case, although

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the follow up is more limited as compared to the while loop.

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Now let's take some examples of how we use this in the Python programming language.

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So we want to print out.

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I am at position.

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Position one.

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And then do this.

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So we want to point out my position two, three, four and five, one to do this five times rapidly.

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Now, if this and or in this case we have an equals five is we want to do this and times and this gives

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any cause five.

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So we do this five times.

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Now, if this entered to 500, we'll have to repeat this 500 times.

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And that's not very efficient.

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So to solve this problem, we could use a follow up where we just simply say for I in range.

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Five.

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We have Prince.

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I am at a position.

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I would you have to put I.

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And there we go.

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A good place.

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This would end.

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And is this for now we have that our large this we have this.

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We have I am a position this is an area we haven't put this the former but format of I take this away

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or run this tortoise and arrow take this away.

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We have this so we'll find out.

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We have this now for the follow up.

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Why do you have this for whatever in a range?

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Generally what happens here is the range has a start index.

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And and and index ones you have only one value in your the stat index by default is zero.

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So in this case it's the same as put in this.

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So actually this is.

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All right.

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I would have comma.

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So we have this.

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So doing this is the same as having.

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Range, zero comma and.

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No, this is the same as doing this simply syringe.

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And now that we have this.

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What actually this loop does, it is goes from zero right up to N minus one.

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This is very similar to when we were working with lists where we had a list C one.

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Three four.

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And if one of the lays out some elements, this would take us from 0 to 2 instead of from 0 to 3.

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So doing this gave us zero, this and this.

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So we'll print out this.

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We're going to have one, three, four.

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Now, coming back to the followup, the simple means if we walk in here, we are going to have four

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I in range.

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Recall the in operator where we want to take this variable we're creating so we're going to take four

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I for all this I's in this range.

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Now this range goes from zero to n minus one.

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So what we're seeing here is for all I, which goes from zero to end, minus one.

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Repeat this statement, I'll repeat this action.

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So for all I going from zero to n minus one, we are going to print I am at position I and so when I

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equals zero we're going to print.

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I am at position zero.

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When I equals one, I am at position one and so on and so forth.

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So we'll see that we actually replace this.

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Now with this, if you notice, yeah, we're printing from zero and that's because the default, that

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index is zero.

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So let's modify this.

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We have one and we print that out.

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Now let's think of this.

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We run this that we go from 1 to 4.

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And that's because we have right up to the end index minus one.

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So if we want to bring up to five, we simply put here and plus one and doing this now we have from

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1 to 5 and if wanted to go to 500, I want it to do is to run this and we simply go with see how we

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able to go from this to 500.

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And so that's it.

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That's how the following works.

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I should use this.

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And we have that now.

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We can take this off.

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Now, it's important to note that we loops generally we have an initial statement and then we have.

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And increments.

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So in this case, we have the initial statement.

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All we have the initial value of I to be equal equals zero on this case one.

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So in this case, the initial value of AI is one.

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And now we increment his value up to where we reach and plus one minus one.

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So if we have this will basically increment this value from zero to and minus one.

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So let's look at the while loop taking the Y loop.

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It actually works a little bit different for a while loop.

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If we want to do this same action that is, print this to the end times.

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We have any cause.

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Five In this case we could simply have while n is less than five.

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So while we have this condition, we repeat whatever we have here.

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So any less than five, we have print.

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I am at position.

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This.

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So we have that format.

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I now notice this is a little bit different.

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Like the eye doesn't come in this.

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I like to follow where this.

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I came with afar.

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Yeah, we just have this while in less than five, so we just have this condition.

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Now we have to declare the eye separately so we can have eye initially at zero.

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And then whenever we reach in this, we could put this eye plus equals one.

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Now this eye plus equals one is simply seen eyes equals eye plus one.

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So if eye is zero, any guess and you're Italian to one since it ends at one, it's going to continue,

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and so on and so forth.

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So let's run this and see what we have.

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Running this.

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We see that not in this printed and that is logical.

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Because anything was five.

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So we are seeing it and any less than five we should continue doing this given that end is always equals

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five and is not changing actually when we get into this.

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We are never going to get into this.

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So actually wiser which is here and it's less than five we don't have any out of place where antennas

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of five or and turns to a value less than five.

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So we're never going to get into this loop.

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So what we can do is we can modify this.

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We have your eye.

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So why I is less than five and now we keep on incrementing and I will see that initially I is already

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less than five since I is equal to zero.

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So we are obviously going to get into this loop and we're going to print this out.

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So what I did in five would keep on doing this and once I turn this five, since Iceman increment,

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increment it, we are going to go out of this loop.

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So let's run this and see what we get.

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So this is exactly what we wanted to have.

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So we have this let's reduce its value.

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Oh, that's the end to be a equals three.

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I would take it as an end.

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So we'll run this now on this.

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Well.

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Now let's go step by step and see what happens.

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Exactly.

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At the beginning, we have an equals three and I equals zero.

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So we have.

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Then when this comes here, we have I0 and three zero is obviously less than three.

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So we're going to come in here and print out.

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So we print out.

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There's value with zero.

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So that's why we have this.

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Once this is printed out, I turn to one.

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And since I is one, I is less than three.

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So with the coming year and print is out, once that is printed out, it prints out this one.

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That is the print out.

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I am at position zero.

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So this actually represents I am at position.

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So let's write this out like this.

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I am at position.

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Wherever I am at position.

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We have this.

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I am at position.

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Okay.

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So we have that.

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And once it prints this one out, it sends it to two.

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And that's because I'm incremented here.

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So with a while, we actually do this increment by hand, of which with a follow, we didn't have to

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do this.

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It does automatically.

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So we have that.

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And then since I is equal to two, is less than three, that's really less than three.

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So he so gets into the loop and then we print out I am at position two.

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Once it pans out, it tends to three.

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But the reason strictly it isn't three.

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So it goes out of the loop.

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And that's why I always get pinned areas this three different outputs.

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Now we could simply modify this to I plus one I will find here that we have we have this so we have

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one, two, three as expected.

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Now we could send this to 5%, this to 500.

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And as was expected.

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So let's modify this.

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There we go.

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So that's basically how the while in the follow ups work.

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Now let's come back to the problem we had initially where we had the different parts.

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And we wondered that if a player actually plays any of those parts, it should be printed out.

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We saw how difficult it was to go using only conditions.

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So let's look for a new way of solving that problem.

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So we could simply see here that for I in range the line of spots.

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I wish.

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I understand why we're using this line of sports.

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So for our little sports, we're going to see, for example, Prince I so run in this will see that

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we have this.

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This tells us that L.A. sports actually equals to because this is for iron range.

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This is the same as I in Orange, too.

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That's because sports actually contains this two elements.

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So is this list with two elements or is Len is actually two?

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So that's why we have the zero one.

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Let's take this away.

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We could even add the other sports here.

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So we have volleyball.

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And that's it.

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So yeah, we have four iron range lens parts printed as I put it again.

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See that we have this now we could actually even print land sports before.

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So we have land sports.

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As it tells this story.

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Now consider ed if that that's for particular I if supports I now we know that but zero for example

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is basically this football string.

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Sports one is this.

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And sports two is this.

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So it is a particular sport.

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I is it was very important to put this brackets it makes it work and it.

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So if sports I is actually equals football.

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Well then I print out.

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I am a footballer.

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And then we have l if sports I is equals.

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Basketball.

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Print out.

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So this is actually the one space front we have print.

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I am a basketballer.

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And finally, we have Alief Sparks.

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I equals volleyball.

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So let's put a string volleyball.

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Well, print out.

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I am a volley baller and that is it.

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So let's run this and see what we get.

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Now, given that we have football, basketball and volleyball, we have I am a footballer, I'm a basketball

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and I am a volleyball.

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Now, if we take off one of this, we simply have this.

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So this shows how easy it is to work with loops while trying to solve that problem.

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What can replace here?

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Simply have is.

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So if this is this, see that it doesn't change anything.

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So that was it.

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Now, there's no way of looking at those loops and sort of working like this.

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Let's couple this year.

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Up and this year we have instead of saying four I arranged learn of this lives for going going through

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each and every index will seem to see for I in sports I could see a for sport does a singular and then

224
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there's a plural for so for sport in sports if a particular sport is football in this sport is basketball

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playing that if that's part as volleyball in this so that's how we go and we see that we have exactly

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the same results.

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So instead of going through the in this is sports I and whatever are in the index we simply go by each

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of the elements or we'll see a for sport in sports.

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So what happens here is we're going to start with the first this and then we'll try it this year, this

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year and Thursday and then we go to the next we're going to test this test.

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So that's how it works.

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Now, if, for example, make an area you can have this.

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So see that since this is not the same as this, that doesn't work out well.

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So let's put this back and that's it.

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Now you can add other sports, tennis, what example and simply just put out this so we have live if

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you put else print this should give you I am a tennis player.

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So we have this and that is because.

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This case when we does this, for example, that for the first case since sport equals football and

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the beginning it goes into this.

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And then for the next case since part equals volleyball test and it works out with this for the next

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case since there's since part actually equals tennis.

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It doesn't match with this it doesn't match with this.

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It doesn't match with this or else actually it takes this.

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And that's why we have I am a tennis player now.

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Let's look at the break.

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Pass and continue.

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Keywords which are rarely used in loops.

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Now suppose we have this.

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We want that every time we have a footballer, we should simply break so we can have a break.

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And doing this once again into this and you have this break would go out of this for a loop.

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So we shall see it.

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I won't print this.

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We have just I am a footballer and that is because we've also got this took a break and we would left

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this for a loop.

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Now, if you take this, take this as a break, see that brings this out.

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Since there is no basketball here, he doesn't even get here.

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So his everything is printed out.

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Now, if this brig is actually put here oh per year, for example, you see that football is printed

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basketball.

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I spend it all right.

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Our football has printed, volleyball is printed, but tennis player is not printed because at this

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point we leave the loop.

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Now let's look at how continue our pass works.

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So suppose we reach this point, we could have continue.

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So run in this we see that everything works actually fine.

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Now suppose we want to have a certain value.

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So we see.

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We take this A to B equals true.

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So initially is true and we see it at we're going to continue from this point.

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So we have e equals false and then we're going to print out.

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E so let's run this.

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We see that actually is equals.

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True.

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The reason why is true.

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Whereas we actually got into this and we sent a to false is simply because once we get to this continue,

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what happens is this continue.

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It tells us to go to the next iteration.

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Now notice I recall that walking with loops is basically I the region of our this induces.

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So we start with this, we go to this and we go to this.

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So once we come to this board and we have this continue automatically after printing this, we go directly

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to the next add the reason we don't bother about the remaining part of it.

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So no matter where you put out here.

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So if you put this hello, normally you shouldn't have anything here.

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And that's because this continue tells us to go to the next iteration immediately.

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So that's how Continue works.

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And then we also have pass.

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So with this, suppose you have this and you don't want to actually print out whatever.

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So you could just simply say pass because if you take this off, you're going to have an error.

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And now sometimes you may not have anything to put here, so you may not have any action to take.

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So you just want to have this condition.

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And then maybe another condition, say, l if spark is.

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Handball.

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Also your hand.

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And yeah, you want to print something?

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So you see on a print.

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Hello?

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And in this case, the gist of.

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Things out.

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And once we get into this condition, we don't want to print any value or print out whatever.

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So we just simply have this pass.

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So that's it for this section.

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The next section, which I've been working on Python functions.