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Now, you know how to use a Greb command in order to filter some text to input.

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For example, output from Alaska amount could be filtered using GRAP comment and you could see all the

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specific lines.

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Also, you could use grep command in order to field or contents of specific text file.

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Now, let me explain you, what is link and what is the difference between hard and soft links.

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And afterwards we will create some links ourselves.

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Let me just show you some links that already exist in this Linux computer.

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Let's see.

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Dittos lesbian folder.

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I am already down A.l.

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Let's released files and folders using L option and I see here Linux.

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They start with Al here and Leon looks like this.

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Here is some name and it points to a NAS or name.

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And in this case, this is executable file hostname.

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And we are actually able to enter.

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This is getable.

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Name.

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Here like this and get result.

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Here was an Nazarro link.

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One name points to a NAS name.

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Let me scroll up and here you'll find a NAS or links like Riot.

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And it points to this location.

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Also, here is one more link.

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We could filter this output only by links and for that we could use grap comment.

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Let's use it.

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BYB here we'll be Greb and we could eyes our field or by our character as starting symbol in every line.

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Or we could filter by this arrow.

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Let's use field by this arrow grep.

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And here we'll be in double quotes.

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Backslash.

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That arrow like this we need to use here.

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This backslash in order to escape this slash symbol because otherwise it will be interpreted as a regular

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expression symbol.

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All right.

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Let's press enter.

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And now I see that those arrows will be highlighted in red.

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And now we see only links.

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For example, C h.

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Points to Desch and the S.J points to you grb you.

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Nola's the following.

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Let's compare our contents of C, H and desk files located here in this bin folder.

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And let's have a look at their part initials and their sizes.

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All right, let's type.

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Alas, dispell.

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Next comes again.

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Pipe operator grep and heal this type for example.

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Simply C h.

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And it will filter files that contain c, h somewhere.

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And we are interested in this line.

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And this line you see that c h is basically a link to Desch and this file is located here.

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But please note is that there are different initials for these desk file.

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And for this link, this is actually a link with a fool.

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Read the write and execute access for all users.

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And this file has only read the riot and execute access by a specific user.

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And it doesn't have a riot access for group users and also users.

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And it is simply file.

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That's why he had the beginning.

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We see Desch and also there are different sizes in those files.

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Here was the size of this file.

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And here was the size of this link.

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And to this example here is soft link.

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It is soft link to specific file.

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You could create actually multiple soft links that will point to the same file into the next lecture.

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I'll explain you how to do that.

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No, just trust me that the soft link is simply pointer to specific file.

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Same I can say about this link.

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It is link to best file.

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And here is actually this best file.

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And again, here was a difference in size here with size of this best file.

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And here is size of this soft link.

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Now let me show you an example of to link and explain the difference between soft link and hardly.

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And let's again, leased files and folders here in this lesbian folder using LSC best alchemist without

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grep feel the ring and the bliss or accept that.

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I have explained you that those Lambros here indicate quantity of links for specific files and directories.

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And actually one here means that there are no oso links for this specific file.

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But let's try to find the files that have more than one.

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Lin.

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For example, here with such file.

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And we could basically field this output and find only files that have two links.

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And for that, we could simply copy this text, including crude.

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Let's copy it and go back to LSD El.

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And here let's use again grap command.

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And here in double quotes based what we call just Corbitt like soul to space.

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Let's press enter.

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And now I'll see Oleksyk results and you see that in red.

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This part in each line is highlighted.

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And let's compare this line and this line.

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What you see here, you see actually same potentials here and here and also you see same file size here

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and here and a same modification date here and here.

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And that is a sign that those two files are actually two different hard links.

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And now let me show you how you could actually verify that.

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You could add additional option to last comment and this option is I like so if you press enter, you'll

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see additional numbers here in the first column.

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And in this throws throw and last throw.

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Those numbers are the same.

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And those numbers are called, I note, and actually Linux users.

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I note data structure and there are special numbers, gold eye nodes.

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And actually every file has link to specific, I note.

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And in this case, this file and this file actually point to the same I note, same number here, here

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and here.

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And that means that when you change any of those files and others are filed, that does have the link

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to the same location and memory will be changed as well.

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That is Cardellini.

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It has same permissions, same I know no same size and same modification date.

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That is a difference between huddling and softly.

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And please note that if you remove specific hard link, for example, if you remove this file, this

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file will be still present here.

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And let's actually create our own soft and hard links.

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But let's put it in the next laptop.

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I'll see you there.

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Bye bye.