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OK, so now we're just going to start out with a little introduction to the very basics of computers

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and computer science and kind of what we're going to be doing, what it's all about.

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So computers have come a long way.

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We have something in the very beginning.

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It was like a giant machine where people actually had to even program on little cars that had holes

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punched in them that they had to insert.

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And that was like a program, a kind of read where the holes, where on the paper and that was supposed

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to be computer instructions on what the computer was supposed to do.

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And then, of course, we moved along, some of you might recognize this.

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This is like an old Macintosh and things slowly progressed.

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This probably still looks really ancient to all of you.

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I mean, this is kind of more like a modern P.C. that's all crazy with melody is like a gaming setup,

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and these days we have really high performance machines.

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So computer programming languages have come a long way as well, but they still rely on the same fundamental

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low level stuff.

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So whatever code you end up writing in whatever language, it all needs to be turned into the same thing,

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which is a series of ones and zeroes.

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So the computer can understand it.

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The ones and zeros are referred to as the binary numbers system.

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So you see an example right here, right of one zero zero one one zero one zero one.

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It's a binary number.

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So all the computer code that we write is going to have to be translated into this binary number system

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before the computer is going to be able to run the code.

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We're also going to refer to these ones and zeros as machine code and or bits and bytes can be grouped

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into something called bytes.

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We quite often hear us refer to it as bits and binary.

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So don't worry too much, though, we don't actually have to do the translation ourselves.

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Luckily, we can just type a small command on the computer or just click a single button in the place

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that we're writing the code and it will get translated automatically.

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This is because a lot of other people have worked really hard to make these systems that will take care

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of the translation for us and therefore makes our lives a lot easier.

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So let's take a look at what a computer program is and how it goes from someone writing the code to

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the computer running the code.

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So first off, we start over here with a file.

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If you've ever used something like Microsoft Word or Google Docs, or just like a notepad or something

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like that, you can write some text in it.

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Maybe you had to write a paper for school.

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Or maybe you haven't done that at all or haven't encountered that.

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But basically, whenever you're writing something, it has to be on some type of thing, write a document

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or something like that.

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And so that document will be a file on the computer.

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It's the same thing for writing code, although we're not just writing in our native language.

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We're writing in a programming language.

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It's the same thing.

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It's just a different type of file.

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For example, here I called the file.

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My underscore code does keep.

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The CPP just tells the computer that it's a C++ file, but you might be more familiar with seeing something

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like my files named Dot Doc X or Dot T T for a text file.

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The same thing.

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It's just a different type of file with a different extension.

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And so all the computer code is written in a file just like a word document.

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What happens next is that when we click that button or we typed that simple command, the code inside

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of this file will then get translated into that machine code, which is zeros and ones like a series

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of zeros and ones by a compiler or an interpreter.

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In this course, since we're doing C++, it will be done by a compiler, and we will talk about this

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in greater detail later.

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After is translated into zeros and ones, the computer is now able to run the code or something we refer

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to as executing the code that has been translated.

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And that's what makes your computer run and makes the things that you programmed a computer to do happen.

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So just a side note, this is a very high level overview, this middle circle actually has a lot more

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going on inside of it.

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Compilers are quite complex and we'll be breaking down what a compiler is and what it does later on

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in the course.

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We will we will not be looking into what an interpreter does on a detailed level, but you can just

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now think of it as another thing that gets us from this first point to this last point.

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So first steps in this course, we're basically going to talk about the inner workings of compilers

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later on, like I said.

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But right now, it's more about learning a bit about the numbers systems that we're going to be using

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and how computers store information in general.

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So we talked about those zeros and ones and that they can be referred to as machine code binary or bits.

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Computers also store data in this binary bit form as well.

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So if you're to save something on your computer's hard drive, the computer is going to be dealing with

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bits on the lowest level as well.

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And this is what we're going to be talking about in the next lecture.

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It's going to be all about the numbering systems that we use to represent data on the computer.

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OK, so with that, I will see you in the next lecture.