WEBVTT 00:00.230 --> 00:04.730 Okay, so it is time that we create our blog project. 00:04.760 --> 00:12.560 So we're going to start by creating a directory, initializing composer and Autoloading. 00:12.560 --> 00:18.020 And throughout the process I'm going to explain why we are using composer for that. 00:18.020 --> 00:21.140 And what exactly is Autoloading. 00:21.140 --> 00:28.460 We are going to also create a scaffolding of the project, some essential folders. 00:28.460 --> 00:32.750 So essential structure of the project would be created. 00:32.780 --> 00:34.970 Now first Waltz composer. 00:35.000 --> 00:39.260 It is a dependency manager for PHP. 00:39.500 --> 00:48.560 So if you use any external libraries or frameworks, composer is the de facto tool to manage those dependencies, 00:48.560 --> 00:54.710 though I try to not use any dependencies as long as possible in this course. 00:54.710 --> 01:03.170 So we're just going to use composer to help us set up auto loading and then later on to quickly and 01:03.170 --> 01:07.280 easily run some command line scripts. 01:07.340 --> 01:12.320 So the first step would be to create the folder that will contain this project. 01:12.350 --> 01:14.720 I'm doing this throughout the command line. 01:14.720 --> 01:16.190 You can do it manually. 01:16.190 --> 01:17.840 Makes no difference. 01:17.870 --> 01:20.240 I'm going to call this blog. 01:20.270 --> 01:26.300 OOP as object oriented programming because this is what we will be doing. 01:26.360 --> 01:29.900 Next up we need to go into this folder. 01:29.900 --> 01:35.840 And at this point you should also have the command line command prompt PowerShell. 01:35.840 --> 01:44.270 Whatever you are using in whatever system open inside that directory because there is a command to run. 01:44.300 --> 01:47.270 We need to initialize composer. 01:47.300 --> 01:53.660 This is done by just typing composer init inside this directory. 01:54.080 --> 01:58.040 This should initialize a config generator. 01:58.370 --> 02:03.410 We're going to be asked some questions, so I will suggest what you should do. 02:03.440 --> 02:09.470 If we are not changing anything then just hit enter return to confirm the defaults. 02:09.470 --> 02:14.360 Like in this case, I'm just gonna stick with the suggested name. 02:15.590 --> 02:20.840 I'm not typing any description, I'm just hitting enter all the time. 02:20.840 --> 02:21.200 Now. 02:21.200 --> 02:28.550 At this point I also confirm with enter, and this is something that we need to provide some specific 02:28.550 --> 02:29.330 input on. 02:29.330 --> 02:31.610 We don't need any dependencies. 02:31.610 --> 02:34.430 That's why I'd like you to type no at this point. 02:34.430 --> 02:40.850 And again no because we also don't need any development dependencies. 02:40.850 --> 02:43.460 That's not what we need composer for. 02:43.760 --> 02:47.180 And also with this question just hit enter. 02:47.210 --> 02:48.740 We want to skip that. 02:48.980 --> 02:54.740 I'm gonna be configuring the auto loading naming and namespaces manually. 02:54.740 --> 02:56.600 And I'm going to be explaining that. 02:56.600 --> 03:00.380 So just type N and confirm with enter. 03:00.410 --> 03:04.460 That's the minimum composer file that we would like to generate. 03:04.460 --> 03:10.880 Confirm the generation by hitting enter again and we should have this file. 03:11.180 --> 03:16.880 Now at this point I'd like you to open this directory inside the code editor. 03:16.910 --> 03:19.520 I'm using the terminal shortcut. 03:20.330 --> 03:23.270 We only have this composer JSON file here. 03:23.270 --> 03:24.590 Let's open it. 03:26.540 --> 03:33.500 Now let's manually add the auto loading section by adding the auto load entry. 03:36.620 --> 03:41.750 Next up we are saying that we want to use the PSR four standard. 03:41.780 --> 03:47.210 That's just one of the PHP standards that defines what's the best way to do things. 03:47.210 --> 03:52.370 In this case that's a standard describing how to auto load files. 03:52.700 --> 03:54.680 Now you need to bear with me. 03:54.710 --> 03:57.530 Now let me define two namespaces. 03:57.560 --> 04:04.400 Everything that starts with an app will be located inside the app directory. 04:06.290 --> 04:09.110 On the other hand, everything starting with core. 04:09.110 --> 04:16.730 So the generic framework logic will go into the core directory. 04:17.930 --> 04:20.900 Now at this point I'd like you to open the terminal. 04:20.900 --> 04:29.900 It can be the terminal inside VSCode or just your separate terminal command prompt application PowerShell, 04:29.930 --> 04:31.730 whatever you are using. 04:31.730 --> 04:40.490 And type this composer dump hyphen Autoload. 04:42.020 --> 04:46.400 This should generate the Autoload files and the vendor folder. 04:46.940 --> 04:49.550 There it is, the Autoload php file. 04:49.880 --> 04:54.440 This is the one we need to make outloading work. 04:54.440 --> 05:02.570 So with the auto loading, if you need some classes, instead of having to require or include them manually 05:02.570 --> 05:11.240 every single time, you just use namespaces and then you tell PHP from which namespace a class or function 05:11.240 --> 05:19.580 should be imported, and then PHP is automatically loading the required PHP files, which improves performance. 05:21.290 --> 05:29.990 So our next job is to create the app and core folders so we can see what I just described in action. 05:31.460 --> 05:36.680 Inside this core folder let's create a router PHP file. 05:36.680 --> 05:44.300 This is also important to understand that when we will be using classes, the file name needs to match 05:44.300 --> 05:45.320 the class name. 05:45.320 --> 05:52.700 This is how the classes are resolved using Namespaces, so you still have to use the PHP tag. 05:52.730 --> 05:57.320 But next up what follows is the namespace declaration. 05:57.320 --> 06:00.350 Can you guess what should be the namespace here? 06:00.350 --> 06:09.710 It's a router class inside the core folder, so looking at the composer file it should be core. 06:10.790 --> 06:12.680 So let's use this namespace. 06:12.680 --> 06:13.790 That's everything. 06:13.790 --> 06:15.080 That's just core. 06:15.110 --> 06:17.990 Now let's define the router class. 06:19.160 --> 06:27.980 And the only thing I'd like to add here for now is a constructor that echoes something when the class 06:28.010 --> 06:29.120 is created. 06:29.120 --> 06:30.920 Something like works. 06:30.920 --> 06:33.860 So we can check if this really works. 06:35.360 --> 06:38.090 Now let's create the main file of this app. 06:38.330 --> 06:40.760 So we always have the public folder. 06:40.760 --> 06:49.340 This is the public facing directory which has the app starting point Called index.php. 06:51.110 --> 06:55.100 Here, let me add the strict type declaration. 06:55.100 --> 06:58.280 This is strict types equals one. 06:58.370 --> 07:04.820 And the first step here is to require this auto loading file generated by composer. 07:05.000 --> 07:14.780 So I do require once using the current directory adding a forward slash, going one directory up then 07:14.780 --> 07:17.660 to the vendor folder autoload php. 07:17.990 --> 07:27.830 By including this file, I'm giving my app auto loading functionality automatically generated and handled 07:27.830 --> 07:28.970 by composer. 07:29.000 --> 07:34.250 Now I can use classes from different namespaces. 07:34.250 --> 07:36.560 This is how you tell PHP. 07:36.590 --> 07:43.640 It should load some class by just using a namespace or using a class from a namespace. 07:43.640 --> 07:47.120 So this is for example core router. 07:47.360 --> 07:54.200 This would just make PHP auto load the specific file with this class definition. 07:55.400 --> 07:58.010 I can now create a router class. 08:00.740 --> 08:07.250 And next up we're going to just start the server to see if everything worked as we expected to. 08:08.840 --> 08:13.880 So open the terminal and type php hyphen S. 08:13.880 --> 08:18.710 It needs to be a capital S the domain. 08:18.710 --> 08:21.230 It can be localhost 8000. 08:21.260 --> 08:25.790 Just make sure no other project is running at this port. 08:26.660 --> 08:34.970 And then additional parameter t lowercase t pointing to the public directory, which would just let 08:35.150 --> 08:38.210 php find the index file by itself. 08:38.210 --> 08:42.170 So apparently I have something running on this port. 08:42.830 --> 08:46.370 Let me change it to something else 8001. 08:46.400 --> 08:52.220 Now let's jump to this page and we see that everything has worked fine. 08:53.120 --> 08:56.180 So let's summarize what we've learned in PHP. 08:56.210 --> 09:04.130 There is a process called autoloading, which takes the burden of figuring out where the classes and 09:04.130 --> 09:06.590 functions are from your back. 09:06.620 --> 09:12.830 Instead, you only worry about the class names that you'd like to use or function names. 09:13.340 --> 09:20.930 You declare the namespaces inside those classes and functions that you use, and you can use composer 09:20.930 --> 09:24.950 to generate autoloading files for you. 09:24.950 --> 09:33.110 And then you only tell PHP which classes you need in a particular file, or which functions do you need 09:33.110 --> 09:33.980 in a file. 09:33.980 --> 09:41.990 And PHP will take care of loading the necessary PHP files, making everything more efficient.