WEBVTT 00:00.080 --> 00:00.530 Okay guys. 00:00.530 --> 00:03.680 So welcome in the second project of the course. 00:03.680 --> 00:10.310 First, let me quickly show you around the project, and then we're gonna move on to things that we 00:10.310 --> 00:11.720 are about to learn. 00:11.750 --> 00:14.330 That's the main page of our blog. 00:14.330 --> 00:20.450 As you can see, we're gonna build a simple blog where you can read the posts and if you are signed 00:20.480 --> 00:24.830 in and that's your blog post, you can also edit or delete it. 00:24.830 --> 00:29.090 And also people can comment, but for that they need an account. 00:29.120 --> 00:34.160 There is also a separate dashboard panel for users that have permissions. 00:34.160 --> 00:38.240 They can see the stats, the recent posts, recent comments. 00:38.270 --> 00:41.510 They can also manage the blog posts. 00:42.050 --> 00:45.050 Now if you want to comment on the posts. 00:45.050 --> 00:48.680 As I've said, you need to be signed in first. 00:49.010 --> 00:50.390 So that's the project. 00:50.420 --> 00:54.560 Now let's move on to the things that we're going to introduce and learn. 00:55.490 --> 01:04.190 So in this project, we're gonna be moving on from just using functions into the object oriented programming. 01:04.190 --> 01:08.900 And we are going to divide this project into two parts. 01:08.960 --> 01:16.340 One part is the framework part where we're going to put all the reusable logic that is not really unique 01:16.340 --> 01:22.310 to this project, but can generally help us build web applications with PHP. 01:22.700 --> 01:28.640 And we try to do that already in the previous project, but everything was kind of mixed. 01:28.670 --> 01:37.400 Now we will be using objects and classes, so it should be much easier to create some reusable code, 01:37.400 --> 01:44.840 for example, to do the error handling for all the database related stuff and for view handling which 01:44.840 --> 01:46.490 is generating the output. 01:46.520 --> 01:54.680 Obviously, the router will also have its own separate logic independent from this specific app, and 01:54.680 --> 02:03.770 then some concepts will be introduced on how you can more efficiently organize your application code. 02:03.770 --> 02:12.510 So the code that is much more specific to your current application and project done generally to making 02:12.510 --> 02:13.500 websites. 02:13.500 --> 02:16.830 This would be our application specific code. 02:16.830 --> 02:25.050 We're going to be introducing some of the concepts that modern PHP frameworks use, like controller 02:25.050 --> 02:33.990 classes, the model classes for database interactions, the views middleware, so everything that runs 02:33.990 --> 02:41.970 before the request is handled, and service classes for more application bespoke logic that doesn't 02:41.970 --> 02:43.710 fit anything else. 02:44.700 --> 02:49.590 Now as you see, the list of things we are about to learn is rather significant. 02:49.590 --> 02:56.640 Starting from separating the common logic, the framework logic and the application logic. 02:56.880 --> 03:02.790 So we're going to have two folders the app folder, which application specific logic, and then the 03:02.790 --> 03:06.990 core folder which will contain some generic code. 03:06.990 --> 03:11.550 For example for database handling or for routing. 03:13.020 --> 03:19.620 Then we are using object oriented programming, which means we are generally trying to use classes. 03:19.650 --> 03:24.240 This also means introducing namespaces to our code. 03:24.270 --> 03:28.110 We're going to have more database abstractions. 03:28.110 --> 03:35.550 Base database class that is going to use PDR, and then model classes with basic Crud operations. 03:35.550 --> 03:43.770 So create, read, update and delete for a specific table to simplify working with typical database 03:43.800 --> 03:45.000 operations. 03:45.030 --> 03:52.050 Then instead of the root handler we're going to introduce controller classes that have methods also 03:52.050 --> 03:53.700 called actions. 03:54.000 --> 03:59.220 So an example of a such controller class for post. 04:01.110 --> 04:06.990 This is something that you are also going to see a lot in modern PHP frameworks. 04:06.990 --> 04:14.190 Then the middleware that's the code that can run before a root or after a root. 04:14.220 --> 04:21.480 Typically you might use it to check if the user is actually signed in if he has the rights to access 04:21.480 --> 04:21.900 the page. 04:21.900 --> 04:25.590 And that's exactly what we're going to be using Middlewares for. 04:25.620 --> 04:28.260 Next up, service classes. 04:28.260 --> 04:32.010 That would be some generic reusable business logic. 04:32.010 --> 04:39.330 For example, everything that relates to authentication, signing in users, checking if the user is 04:39.330 --> 04:42.270 signed in and has a session created. 04:42.270 --> 04:43.770 This kind of things. 04:43.800 --> 04:50.550 Dependency injection container a simple version of it, but I'm going to talk in more detail once we 04:50.550 --> 04:51.600 get to it. 04:51.600 --> 04:54.690 And then we're going to improve the view logic. 04:54.720 --> 05:01.410 We're going to have separate layouts that you can choose for every view, because your page might have 05:01.410 --> 05:09.150 different needs if that's a main blog page or maybe a dashboard or admin panel, you need some different 05:09.150 --> 05:12.810 menu options and layouts need to be different. 05:12.810 --> 05:18.780 Then we're going to introduce a smart way to provide some global variables to our views, so we don't 05:18.780 --> 05:22.380 have to fetch the user from the session every single time. 05:22.380 --> 05:29.580 You can simply access a user variable to figure out if the user is signed in or not inside the view. 05:29.610 --> 05:32.220 Let me show you a quick example. 05:32.910 --> 05:40.500 For example, in this main layout, it's enough to just check the user variable and we know if he is 05:40.500 --> 05:43.470 signed in and also what role does he have? 05:44.130 --> 05:47.580 We can also improve the way we pass data to templates. 05:47.610 --> 05:53.250 Every single item you pass through the data array will now be available as a variable. 05:53.280 --> 05:54.750 Next up security. 05:54.780 --> 05:56.400 A super important part. 05:56.400 --> 06:02.910 So we're gonna have user authentication essentially user accounts and ability to sign in with email 06:02.910 --> 06:04.320 and password. 06:04.470 --> 06:07.290 Then user authorization. 06:07.290 --> 06:14.160 So we're gonna be checking if users are authorized to perform certain operations. 06:14.160 --> 06:22.950 For example, whether you are authorized to write blog posts or are you authorized to edit this particular 06:22.950 --> 06:25.170 blog post or delete it? 06:25.200 --> 06:26.950 Things of this nature. 06:27.670 --> 06:30.100 Then we're gonna be logging to a file. 06:30.100 --> 06:32.890 So everything that happens inside the app. 06:32.890 --> 06:40.300 So far, we've been logging to the console of the running PHP process, and we should be really keeping 06:40.300 --> 06:42.640 those logs for later inspection. 06:42.640 --> 06:47.890 That's why we're going to be putting all of the things that had happened to a file. 06:47.920 --> 06:53.890 Then I'm gonna introduce the composer and auto loading concepts. 06:53.920 --> 06:57.190 We're going to be creating more CLI scripts. 06:57.190 --> 07:05.560 And also finally, we're going to learn how to improve error handling and create custom error pages 07:05.560 --> 07:12.850 for different kinds of errors like page not found, you are not authorized or generic server errors. 07:13.060 --> 07:20.500 A lot of things are awaiting us, and we're gonna learn a ton of things that will most definitely make 07:20.500 --> 07:29.200 you ready to use all the modern frameworks and tools that are available when you consider yourself a 07:29.410 --> 07:30.700 PHP developer.