WEBVTT 00:00.260 --> 00:00.740 Okay guys. 00:00.740 --> 00:06.560 So next up let's talk about string formatting and parsing. 00:06.950 --> 00:12.380 So let's start with the simple example the string formatting. 00:14.480 --> 00:20.720 So this would be something else than string concatenation or interpolation that we've seen before. 00:23.330 --> 00:25.790 Let me define a variable called Alice. 00:25.790 --> 00:27.170 So this would be a string. 00:27.170 --> 00:31.970 And another one called age which would be 30. 00:32.000 --> 00:39.770 Now there is a printf function which lets you define a string with some placeholders like percent s. 00:39.800 --> 00:42.830 This means you're going to pass a string in here. 00:42.830 --> 00:48.140 Then percent d means you're going to pass an integer. 00:48.140 --> 00:56.390 So this is something similar to what I think is also present in Cplusplus and Python. 00:56.390 --> 01:04.100 And then you just pass variadic arguments and they just need to match the position of those percent 01:04.100 --> 01:05.240 placeholders. 01:05.330 --> 01:07.190 So first is a string. 01:07.190 --> 01:08.840 So you pass a name here. 01:08.870 --> 01:11.740 Then there is an H. 01:13.690 --> 01:20.950 And if we run the string formatting this is what we get. 01:21.160 --> 01:25.090 So this is immediately printing that on the screen. 01:26.290 --> 01:29.170 Next up let's see an example. 01:29.170 --> 01:34.690 So data in CSV format comma separated values. 01:34.870 --> 01:41.170 So we can have apple banana and cherry. 01:41.350 --> 01:47.170 Now this CSV format is super common because that's actually the format in which you're going to get 01:47.170 --> 01:55.090 data when you export from let's say Excel and probably many other software programs. 01:55.090 --> 01:57.940 So that's something you often have to work with. 01:59.080 --> 02:05.350 So to convert this to something you can easily process with PHP, you'd like this in an array. 02:05.350 --> 02:11.350 So a common used function in PHP is explode which lets you use a separator like a comma. 02:11.350 --> 02:21.000 In this example, passing the string and this should give you an array you can Then work with. 02:21.030 --> 02:23.280 So that's fruits. 02:24.240 --> 02:26.460 Let me run that again. 02:26.880 --> 02:33.450 And the string was converted to such array apple banana and cherry. 02:35.070 --> 02:41.910 Now if you need to convert the array back to string or just convert an array to a string, you can also 02:41.910 --> 02:42.630 do that. 02:42.690 --> 02:50.670 So the opposite of explode is called implode where you can also pass a separator let's say comma and 02:50.670 --> 02:52.080 then the array. 02:52.170 --> 02:57.330 So fruits array should be now converted. 02:58.650 --> 02:59.460 And it is. 02:59.460 --> 03:01.740 So this is our new string. 03:04.440 --> 03:08.130 Next up let's see the string padding. 03:08.280 --> 03:15.720 Let me create a padded variable and call str underscore pad. 03:15.720 --> 03:21.180 So you probably have noticed the inconsistency in function naming in PHP. 03:21.210 --> 03:23.730 That's unfortunately the case. 03:23.730 --> 03:25.530 Can't really change that. 03:26.220 --> 03:32.600 And let's pad that with such character to length ten. 03:33.920 --> 03:42.410 And you can select how you want the padding to work either left side, right side, or both. 03:43.640 --> 03:44.960 So let's choose both. 03:44.960 --> 03:48.560 And maybe this time we're gonna echo that. 03:48.710 --> 03:54.500 So this is padded and now let's run it. 03:56.060 --> 04:00.470 So as you see we've got padding on the left and on the right. 04:00.470 --> 04:08.960 So this uh, second parameter is basically saying what should be the length of the resulting string. 04:09.530 --> 04:12.140 So we've got our string that we pass. 04:12.140 --> 04:18.620 Plus the remaining space is filled with this third character. 04:20.450 --> 04:27.440 So if I would go with 11 in this case we can have padding from both sides. 04:27.470 --> 04:29.360 That's equal size. 04:30.320 --> 04:38.090 So it's also pretty useful if you need some kind of fixed length fields or fixed length strings. 04:39.040 --> 04:43.300 And finally, let's see our trimming. 04:45.190 --> 04:47.140 I'm gonna have to dump that immediately. 04:48.460 --> 04:52.750 So let's call the trim function on a string looking like this. 04:52.750 --> 04:55.060 So we've got some spaces. 04:55.570 --> 04:57.130 Hello, world. 04:57.130 --> 04:59.920 And some spaces at the end. 04:59.980 --> 05:02.950 So trimming is something that you would. 05:02.980 --> 05:05.380 Often have to do with the user input. 05:05.380 --> 05:08.260 Because some users are just careless. 05:08.260 --> 05:09.010 They. 05:09.040 --> 05:11.770 Might enter some white spaces strings. 05:11.770 --> 05:15.610 And if you need your data to be normalized. 05:15.640 --> 05:22.840 You just need to make sure that someone or that you just remove the unnecessary. 05:22.870 --> 05:24.280 White spaces. 05:24.280 --> 05:27.820 Then trimming is what you need to do often. 05:27.820 --> 05:28.990 And also this. 05:28.990 --> 05:33.700 This is often used when you import data from CSV, for example. 05:33.730 --> 05:36.490 Okay, let's see the effect of that. 05:37.480 --> 05:38.380 So there it is. 05:38.380 --> 05:46.420 That's the string with all the white white spaces at the beginning and end of that string being stripped 05:46.420 --> 05:48.370 off A3.