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Hi there. In this video we're going to look at the space after paragraph,

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and we're going to look at leading in the same gap where we change this ticks right

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here too magic happens and we've got some space after,

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which is the space after these paragraphs here,

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and we've opened up the leading a little bit between the lines,

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let's go and do that now in this tutorial.

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To practice, we're going to open up a separate file;

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go to File and open.

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In our exercise files under O3 newsletter,

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is one and the cold space after, I put them up.

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What I've done is, I've got two examples of how you might get type.

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One is, when somebody's being typing the put one returning after the full stop,

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you can see there is a full stop and the put in a return,

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to get down to the next line.

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Often this comes from modern versions of Word and modern versions

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of word processors because they add space after by default,

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old versions don't, you have to put in two returns to get a bit of a gap between them.

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When you bring them into in design,

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they can look different like this,

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this one has two returns,

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and this one that has one,

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how do you know this two returns?

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We can look at something called invisible,

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go to "Type" and go down the bottom it says show hidden characters,

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when I say invisible, I mean n-characters.

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We can see here had that is the symbol for a paragraph break,

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there's been a return and in the next line starts,

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whereas here you can see there's a return,

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and then to put in another space,

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put another returns, there's two of them,

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let's look how we treat both of those with all space after,

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I'm going to turn off my hiddens, or my invisibles.

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What I'm going to do is I'm going to select all of this text here,

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and what I'm going to do is go to "Paragraph",

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so we're on character before get paragraphed,

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and the space after is this one here.

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It's a long but hard to work out who's who,

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looking for that icon if you hover above the icon there,

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it'll tell you I am space after.

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I'm going to click on it and I'm going to go up through,

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now miles of millimeters you as might be sitting,

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she's just go up until there's no specific amount you need to have,

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it's more of a visual guide like what you

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feel is a nice bit of gap between the paragraphs,

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that gives you really good control over the space between them,

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over a long document.

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Whereas this one, he is going to be a little bit different,

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say I want to make this smaller,

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and what people tend to do is if you want to

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make this smaller and you do kind of like caveman,

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space after is people just highlight this thing here,

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you've probably done it before, I've done it.

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You got to character and you make the font size smaller and you can do that,

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but you can see the problem with I have to do to this one,

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to this one and then if the client comes back and says, ''hey, you know,

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that 100-page document you're working on,

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can you can you adjust the space after and you've done it this way,'' you say no,

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that is far to hard.'

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What we need to do is we need to undo if it returns.

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What we need to do is clear out,

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the double returns just so there's singles

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like the top here where it's nice and easy to control.

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To do, we need to remove them,

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we can do it manually,

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of course, this is only a small but a tick,

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so we could just go through and actually delete the extra returns,

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but say it's a longer document,

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we want to be quick, I have selected all the ticks we go to edit,

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this one here called find and change.

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This is just regular find and change,

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find a word to do it with another word.

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We're going to use this one at the top vehicle query,

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there's some premade, what's called grip find changes.

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We're going to use this one that sees multiple returned to single returns.

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It's going to go through all my document,

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that's the code that grip code for

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double returns and it's going to switch it out for a single return.

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I'm going to go to change all,

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and it's found similar replacements and I click "Okay",

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you can see it's done it all in one big go.

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I find this is a really quick,

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easy health away just to make sure you go single returns.

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I've selected all and I'm going to add my space after paragraph,

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and I find three millimeters is good,

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I'm not sure what it is an inches gap,

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but it is just a personal preference.

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Before we go, we'll look at leading.

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Leading is the gaps between actual lines,

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because I kind of some less so let's select it all,

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and we're going to go back to character,

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and this is one equal leading.

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Leading is an old-fashioned way of calling it line spacing,

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what we're going to do is increase it up,

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you can see the paragraph spacing is the same

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but the space between the lines is different.

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You adjust those separately and that my friends is space often

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what we'll do now is go through and just adjust this one here,

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I'm going to first of all slick that all I'm going to make my font at the bottom,

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I am going to make it regular,

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I'm going to make the font size 10 point,

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body copy and magazines is nearly always 10 point,

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can be a tiny bit least not too much more because it becomes and hard to read,

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12 you'll find if you print it off, it's quite big.

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Do a test, print it off,

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check it out and go, yeah, 12 is too big,

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you might choose 10.5 or 11,

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that there's no official number,

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but 10 points is normally it.

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Now in terms of the leading,

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I might open it up just a little bit, defaulted to 12,

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we're going to open up to 13 and now I'm going to play around with my space after,

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which is just under paragraph notice there,

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I'm going to increase this up,

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this document is six inches, what looks good?

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I don't like that leave alone.

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That looks okay, nice.