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Okay.

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So these are some of the materials you are going to have for this lesson.

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The most important one is the one you have here in the right side of the screen.

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This notebook is extremely detailed and it goes step by step.

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Uh, so I think it's the most important tool you are going to have in the lesson.

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As always in the slides, we are going to have a quick summary of what we are covering in the notebook.

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Then we will also use the code editor uh very soon.

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And as, as in, in other occasions you will be able to download the final code from the GitHub repository.

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So the goal of this lesson is to understand the complete cycle of full stack web application development.

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Remember that when we say full stack web application development, it is the same as if we say full

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stack application development.

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Why?

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Because today 99% 99% of the software applications are web applications.

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So our LM applications are mostly going to be web applications.

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So the important thing of this lesson is to understand the complete cycle of development.

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This is very important and is going to be very valuable for you in your, uh, professional future.

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Why?

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Because, uh, as you will see, a most software developers are trained in only one side of the full

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stack.

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So they are trained either on front end development or in back end development.

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And this is this is very sad.

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Uh, because for one thing, this these professionals are always building health products.

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So they, they don't have the satisfaction of building a complete product or to be able to understand,

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uh, how to build a complete product is is extremely frustrating.

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So think, for example, uh, about this, uh, a, uh.

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Manufacturer, a engineer or employee which is building just one door of the car.

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Right.

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So the only thing he does in 15 years or 20 years working in the, in the in the company is building

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the door, the front door of the car.

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That's extremely boring and extremely frustrating.

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And the problem with this employee is that he cannot be promoted, but because the only thing he he

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knows how to do is the front door of the car.

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So in the software industry, we have a similar situation with the front end developers and the back

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end developers.

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They are stuck there, they are frustrated, they are bored, and they hate their jobs.

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Right?

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But if you study a program like this and instead of, uh, focusing your attention in front end or back

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end, you study and understand the full stack development and you are able to understand what is the

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front end development and what is the back end development.

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You will be able to be promoted to manager of a team because you understand what the front end and the

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back end teams are doing.

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So this is extremely this is going to be extremely important for you.

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So a then see, the second part of this sentence is understand the complete cycle of full stack web

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application development to apply it in LM web applications like those analyzing the mind.

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So like like the one we have analyzed in second side in the introduction.

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So by the way, do you see the second side application that is a Crud application as well.

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You see they are creating PDF, they are deleting PDF, they are reading PDF etc..

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Right.

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So we will talk about that later.

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Some recommendations.

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The most important thing is to understand the basic concepts.

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Code versions can change but concepts remain.

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So I have told you several times that.

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If we teach you one particular technique, this technique is going to be obsolete in three six months.

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But if we teach you a way of working that is going to stay with you forever.

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So in this lesson, the most important thing for you is to understand the high level picture, the big

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picture of the full stack development.

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So we are going to see through a lot of different things.

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Don't get distracted by the details.

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Just, you know, keep a high level view.

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And remember that the artificial intelligence engineer doesn't know everything about everything.

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He understands the big picture and he knows where to go whenever he needs to solve a question, solve

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a problem, or go deeper into one particular technique.

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Okay.

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So this is very important.

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And this is also crucial in order for you to avoid being overwhelmed because we are going to see a lot

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of things.

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So don't worry step by step.

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Uh, just uh, understand the big picture.

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And then you will go, you know, uh, one by one, uh, if it is necessary.

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Second recommendation.

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You don't lean.

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You don't need to learn everything about Python fast API.

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Postgres.

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Is correct.

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This Postgres is just with ones Next.js, Vercel and Fender.com.

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Just learn the basic techniques and then keep learning as needed for each project you do.

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Keep an eye on the big picture.

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Don't lose focus on small details now.

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So I am going to tell you what I did many years ago when I was starting in Fullstack.

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The development.

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Since I have this background, I needed to understand everything about everything before starting to

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build a project.

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So before going into my first project I tried to understand everything about Python, fast API, Postgres

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next, Vercel and render.

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And that's a total waste of time and an absolute a mistake in a way of doing things.

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A if you do that, you are going to get frustrated because you are not going to memorize everything

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about all these different frameworks and devices and tools, and you are not going to apply 95% of the

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things you learn in that learning round.

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So don't go there.

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Instead, a follow the project, understand the basic techniques and then.

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As needed for each of the projects you do.

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Keep learning.

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So to do that is going to require for you some comfort level around a being uncomfortable.

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Excuse me for for the the the way of wording that what I mean is that since you are not going to study,

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uh, everything about everything before, and you are going to start looking at one living project,

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you know, finished project, you are going to have a an important degree of discomfort, right?

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Because you are not familiar with the things we are talking about.

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You have a lot of new things.

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You are going to listen and read about words you don't understand, frameworks you don't understand,

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you don't know.

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And this is a moment of truth for you.

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Uh, this is the moment where you are going to decide if you are an, uh, an artificial intelligence

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engineer in the making, or you are just a.

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Person that is overwhelmed with new things and is going to throw the towel is going to abandon the the

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the program.

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Don't do that.

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Don't do that.

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I tell you that the first feeling, this feeling of discomfort, this feeling of getting lost, this

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feeling of getting overwhelmed is totally normal.

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This is the way you should feel.

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So don't worry about that.

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And you are going to see that on every repetition, on every next round you perform about each of these

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subsections, you are going to feel more comfortable, more a wise, more you are going to have more

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understanding of things, etc., etc. so don't worry, your level of discomfort is going to, uh, be

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reduced uh, by your repetition practice this and study okay, so bear with me.

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Stay there.

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This is normal.

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You are going to make it.

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There is no secret in becoming an artificial intelligence engineer.

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This is not rocket.

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Rocket science.

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Everybody can do it.

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The only secret is perseverance, practice and study.

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For some people, this lesson is going to take four hours.

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For some others it's going to take 80 hours.

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Don't worry about it.

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The important thing for you is you overcome it with success.

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Understanding the basic concepts and understanding where to go whenever you need to solve problems or

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questions about these techniques.

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Okay.

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There a point?

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Remember, no software engineer knows everything needed to develop a project beforehand.

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They have basic knowledge and progress from there according to the needs of each project.

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Okay, so don't worry.

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This is the the the this is the daily routine of an artificial intelligence engineer.

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Uh, we never start a day in our lives feeling comfortable about knowing everything we need for the

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day.

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That's not the case.

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We are always sure that every day we are going to find areas of discomfort where we don't know things,

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where we need to learn and we need to to to practice, etc., etc..

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So the most important thing here is the last one.

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Remember where to find answers in case of doubt or error.

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You are extremely lucky because ten years ago, 15 years ago, when we started the bootcamps, we didn't

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have a personal assistant like you do.

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So you have 24 seven.

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A personal assistant you can use, which is ChatGPT four, which is going to answer whatever questions

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you may have.

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It's going to explain you whatever code you copy there.

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It's going to solve the problems you may have during an exercise.

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It's going to tell you where to find more information, where to keep learning, etc., etc. so you

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are super lucky and it is going to be so much easier for you than for the people that started a bootcamp

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1015 years ago.

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Okay, so don't worry, you have there a personal assistant is going to be okay.

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And remember, apart from ChatGPT, especially ChatGPT four, you also have Google.

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You also have forums like StackOverflow etc..

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Okay.

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So about the backend A we want to create a Crud application that responds to five instructions.

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This is what you are going to, uh, find from your manager if you start working as a junior back end

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developer.

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Okay.

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So your manager is going to tell you, okay, please create a Crud application that does these five

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things.

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We create an item and store the item in our database.

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We saw all items in the database.

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We saw one item for from the database located by its ID.

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We update an item in the database located by this ID and delete the Crud application.

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Okay, each time one of these instructions is ordered, a Python function that carries out the selected

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Crud action is executed.

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Okay, so remember.

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We are going to use the Python language to build our backend.

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And you will see that the you are going to be bilingual in this program.

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So it's like in the morning you are going to speak with your, uh, German engineers, and in the afternoon

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you are going to speak with your English speaking colleagues or Spanish speaking colleagues.

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Okay.

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So you are going to be bilingual in this project.

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In the back end, we are going to work with Python, and in the front end we are going to work with

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JavaScript.

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Okay.

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So these are going to be our main languages.

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And these are the languages that eh um ah eh eh that we use for the frameworks we are going to use in

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the back end and in the front end.

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You will see more about that later.

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So in this slide you have a summary of the detailed steps we have here in the notebook.

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These are super good notebook super good notebook.

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So I encourage you to learn this and practice this many times okay.

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Until you feel comfortable.

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So.

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What are the things we are going to do?

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Uh, for this initial part.

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We are going to, uh, have the initial setup of our project.

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We are going to prepare the database, which is going to be a Postgres database.

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We are going to build the main functionality of the backend application.

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And we are going to start the backend application in our computer, what we call a local server.

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Every time you see local means in your computer.

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Okay, so this is the opposite of in the cloud.

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So in the first part of this project we are going to start this application in our computer.

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This means locally.

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And in the second part of this lesson we will start the application in the cloud okay.

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Remotely locally remotely.

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So let's go to the notebook.

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The full stack application with fast API and Vercel.

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Well, we can say with fast API and Next.js because fast API is a network and Vercel is a server.

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So we can say fast API, a framework, and Next.js a framework as well.

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We will create an application that manages a to do list, a list of tasks that you want to complete.

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You already saw the demo.

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The first thing.

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As always, it is recommended to create a virtual environment.

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You know how to create a virtual environment with pimp.

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Okay, so now it's a good time to do that.

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Hey, when you work in professional projects, it is very important to create virtual environments.

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If you are a working like in this program with many small exercises like we did in the in the previous,

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uh, blogs of the, of the program, you know, with the toy demos and the, the toy two level two applications,

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etc..

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Well, you could create a virtual environment every time, but usually we don't do that.

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You know, we just create a virtual environment and we prepare all the level one exercises and we prepare

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another one and we create the level two, etc..

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So in this case we have created a different virtual environment.

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In our case, we haven't used pimp.

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In this case we have used a different approach.

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But don't worry about it.

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You can use a pimp.

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You have many different ways of creating virtual environments.

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By F by M is the is the most basic one, the most simple.

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And we recommend you to do that.

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So first create a virtual environment and then.

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You and go to your terminal and create the folder for your application.

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So remember in the in the lesson we talk about the terminal a most common operations.

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One of these operations was how to create a new folder or new directory.

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Right.

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Probably you don't remember.

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So but I am going to invite you to do is go to ChatGPT four and ask ChatGPT, how do I create a new

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directory in my terminal?

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And you will see it's going to tell you make there.

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It will tell you how to do that.

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Very easy.

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But I think it's good for you to ask your personal assistant.

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Then inside this folder, go inside this folder in the terminal and you create the back end folder.

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Okay.

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So inside the main folder of the application we are going to have two folders, one for the back end

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and another for the front end.

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Okay.

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In our case we call the back end folder 001 and the front end folder 002 front end or something like

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that.

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You will see that in the in the code in our GitHub repository.

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I think in this project we have um, uh, three folders, one for the backup, the back end, one for

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the front end, and another one which is a duplicated of the front end.

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So disregard the last one.

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Just use the first one, the number 1001 and 002 okay.

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So once you have created the app folder and the back end folder, you will need to have a the Postgres

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database package install in your computer.

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Okay.

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So we are going to create a database.

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And there are different packages you can use to create a database.

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You can use MySQL.

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You can use MongoDB.

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You can use many possible databases.

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But in our case we are going to use Postgres which is right now I would say the most popular uh, among

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the LM application developers community.

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So in order to install Postgres in your computer.

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This is what you have to do if you are using a mac computer.

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If you are using a PC, go to ChatGPT four and ask there.

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Remember one thing.

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This is a very important thing.

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When we give you code here in the notebook, you need to remove the pound sign.

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So you copy this line without the pound sign and execute it in your terminal.

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Okay, so the pound sign is here because we don't want to execute these lines of code in the notebook

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okay.

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So this this is called comment.

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And then the line.

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So you comment one line.

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It is not going to be executed in the notebook.

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The same thing with a code editor you will see later.

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So you install progress postgres SL cube the this package.

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And then you say this is home brew with this uninstaller we use and don't worry about that, just use

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it and then that's it.

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You don't have homebrew installed in your computer and you have an error message or whatever.

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Go to ChatGPT four and ask how to solve the problem.

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Okay.

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So a then second line in order to install the Postgres database package, then we are going to install

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the necessary packages to build our backend.

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Okay.

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So you will see here that we are installing fast API, which as you know is the main framework we are

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going to use for backend.

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And then we are going to use a local server and other packages.

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Not many packages okay.

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So just write this line in your a terminal.

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Enter boom and the packages are there.

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Then a.

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This is an interesting step in order to create a file in your backend folder called requirements.txt

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that includes the data of all the packages that you have installed.

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You can write this line okay, don't worry, you don't need to understand everything we are doing right

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now.

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Remember what I told you.

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So these are these are not important details right now.

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Just bear with me.

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In this initial round of the subsection, you just.

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Pay attention, you know.

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See what we are doing.

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Then you will download the code, play around with the code in your computer and repeat and repeat all

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the operations we are doing in this subsection until you feel comfortable and only then you go to the

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next.

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Okay.

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But right now just relax and and see.

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So we, uh, execute this line in order to create the requirements.txt file, which is I'm going to

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show you.

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This is the the code of the application in my computer.

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Okay.

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So this is Visual Studio Code.

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This is the most popular editor right now.

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Uh, and as you can see we have the main folder of the application which is called todo app.

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And here we have two folders.

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The 001 is the back end.

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And the 002 is the front end.

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Okay.

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So in the 002 we have another folder uh which is called todo app.

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Okay.

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So this is not the front end uh folder.

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This is the front end folder.

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The one which is inside of the 002.

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Okay.

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But we are working right now in the back end.

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So this is the code you are going to see when you download the code from the GitHub repository.

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So this is the final code okay.

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So uh I am going to uh go to walk step by step with you with this notebook as we look at the final code.

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So this code is, is, is the code that, uh, you have after you complete all these steps.

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Okay.

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So when you have a second round of this project and you start from scratch, you can start without having

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all these things here, uh, already for you.

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Right.

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So this thing, this line has created this file.

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Okay.

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And see how many packages are here.

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Why are so many packages here if we only install, uh, half a dozen?

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Because many of these, uh, packages have a lot of packages, uh, are built on top of a lot of packages.

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Okay, so we are loading, uh, all of them there just with this line.

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So next thing we need to do is to once we have installed the Postgres package in our computer, we need

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to create the database we are going to use for this application.

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For our Crud application, remember that the tasks you are going to load in your application are going

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to be stored in a database.

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Okay, so this is what it gives a this is what gives what we call persistence to your application.

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So if you close your application today and you close your computer and open your computer to tomorrow,

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and you take a look at the tasks, they are still there because the tasks are in the in the database.

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They are stored in the database.

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Okay.

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So we are with this, uh, instruction.

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We are creating a database called my database.

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Okay.

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You can call your database whatever you want.

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But the name we are using is my database.

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Okay.

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And then a we are going to create the dot m file which is here.

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And in this dot m file which as you know is going to store our credentials okay.

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So secret credentials, we are going to uh enter the DB credentials.

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Right now.

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You don't have a user and you don't have a password yet.

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So this is going to be a this and this is going to be empty for you.

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Don't write Postgres here okay.

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And then the name of the app is going to be full stack to app.

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Okay.

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So one important thing about this dot env file this is a secret file.

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We don't want to load this file when we load this code to the GitHub repository.

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00:27:51,680 --> 00:28:01,040
How do we do that with this file here the git ignore a is the file that prevents.

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Us to load secret files when we load this, uh, this, uh, folder into a GitHub repository.

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00:28:10,530 --> 00:28:14,040
So we already told you about that.

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But just a quick reminder in this.

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Gitignore file, we have the dot m file as the file we don't want to load to GitHub.

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This is this is a we can show this this dot m file because there is no confidential information here.

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Right.

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But you don't show this to anyone.

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And normally okay.

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Because normally you are going to find here like your API keys of OpenAI or whatever other secret keys

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that if you lose it, if you put it in the wrong hands, it can cause you a lot of money.

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So don't do it.

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Okay, so in the dot m file you enter the database credentials okay.

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And then you create a config.

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Py file.

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And in this config file file we are going to a tell our application the types of data we want for this

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uh dot m file.

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00:29:18,360 --> 00:29:27,930
So we are telling and the application a you know what this data uh we are going to use here a settings.

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They need to be in one particular format.

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So the name of the database has to be a string like a text.

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00:29:36,030 --> 00:29:41,910
And the name of the database, the database port is going to be an integer a C number etc..

384
00:29:42,210 --> 00:29:43,800
This is not very important.

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00:29:43,800 --> 00:29:49,320
It's just we are just preparing our application in order to work with a database.

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00:29:49,320 --> 00:29:57,120
So don't worry by now with this, later when you go to this notebook for the second time, third time,

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00:29:57,120 --> 00:30:03,330
fourth time, whatever time you need, and if you have any doubts about what is this, what is do,

388
00:30:03,630 --> 00:30:11,820
what is it doing, etc. just, you know, copy this code and paste it in GPT four and say, hey, GPT

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00:30:11,820 --> 00:30:13,530
four, what is this doing?

390
00:30:13,620 --> 00:30:19,920
Explain this to me or this line, or where can I study more about pedantic etc. etc.?

391
00:30:19,920 --> 00:30:23,010
Okay, you will see by now, don't worry about it.

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00:30:23,220 --> 00:30:30,870
Then we are going to start working in the main file of the application.

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00:30:31,530 --> 00:30:32,790
So we will create.

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00:30:32,790 --> 00:30:38,160
You will create a file called main dot pi okay.

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00:30:38,250 --> 00:30:46,530
If you are working with a with a code editor like we recommend especially Visual Studio Code which is

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00:30:46,530 --> 00:30:53,370
free, you can download for free, etc. you can create a file or a folder here very easily using this.

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00:30:53,370 --> 00:30:57,930
And then you can you can copy and paste code whatever you see.

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00:30:57,930 --> 00:31:00,810
You see here these lines with a pound sign.

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00:31:00,810 --> 00:31:02,070
These are comments.

400
00:31:02,070 --> 00:31:09,030
So if you enter this sign before any line it will it will comment it out.

401
00:31:09,030 --> 00:31:12,360
It will change the color to this green.

402
00:31:12,360 --> 00:31:16,530
And the computer is not going to read this line of code.

403
00:31:16,530 --> 00:31:18,690
It's not going to execute this line of code.

404
00:31:18,690 --> 00:31:22,530
So in some cases like for example right now.

405
00:31:23,400 --> 00:31:28,320
We are going to comment out this line.

406
00:31:29,030 --> 00:31:30,500
And also this line.

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00:31:30,500 --> 00:31:39,800
So you you are going to write a pound sign here and here because these are referring to a part of the

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00:31:39,800 --> 00:31:42,800
application that we still don't have.

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00:31:42,800 --> 00:31:48,170
So if you don't enter here the pound sign you are going to have an error message.

410
00:31:48,170 --> 00:31:48,920
Right.

411
00:31:48,920 --> 00:31:54,440
So the rest of the content you see in this file is explained here.

412
00:31:54,440 --> 00:31:59,990
What we are doing is we are creating a fast API application.

413
00:31:59,990 --> 00:32:07,490
We are entering what we call the course configuration, which is something we will learn for uh, we

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00:32:07,490 --> 00:32:09,590
will learn about later.

415
00:32:09,590 --> 00:32:12,890
And we are entering a couple of other things.

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00:32:12,890 --> 00:32:20,900
First, the global Https exception handle, uh, handler to handle errors and then a couple of endpoints

417
00:32:20,900 --> 00:32:24,890
just to test this backend application okay.

418
00:32:26,050 --> 00:32:34,750
So in order to start server to, to to start the backend, uh, the, the backend application in, in

419
00:32:34,750 --> 00:32:43,570
your local server, in your terminal, you have to write this, uh, uh, instructions.

420
00:32:43,570 --> 00:32:45,400
Uvicorn is our local server.

421
00:32:45,400 --> 00:32:52,210
And with doing this we are telling him, okay, open this backend application.

422
00:32:52,510 --> 00:32:54,130
Uh, now.

423
00:32:54,130 --> 00:33:02,800
So start this application now and then once you have done this, if you go to this, uh, URL address,

424
00:33:02,800 --> 00:33:10,210
you will see the back end application, which is nothing spectacular right now because we don't have

425
00:33:10,210 --> 00:33:10,660
anything.

426
00:33:10,660 --> 00:33:14,800
But just for you to understand that the local server is working.

427
00:33:14,800 --> 00:33:15,250
Okay.

428
00:33:15,250 --> 00:33:23,170
And in the terminal after you click enter, after this line you will see the name of the application.

429
00:33:23,170 --> 00:33:23,890
Okay.

430
00:33:23,890 --> 00:33:26,350
Uh, printed there just to, to check.

431
00:33:26,350 --> 00:33:31,690
So we are going to stop the video now because it's a little bit, uh, too long.

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00:33:31,690 --> 00:33:39,310
And then we will continue with this, uh, with this uh, the second part of this subsection.