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So this is our GitHub or Git project now.

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And to be honest,

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things are a bit lonely up to this point, right?

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Because basically we only used GitHub so far to bring our

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locally managed Git project to the cloud.

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This has great advantages.

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For example,

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we have a backup.

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So to say,

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in case our computer crashes,

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and we can also access our code from anywhere with the help

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of the personal access token of course.

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Nevertheless,

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we saw this earlier on the slide when we introduced GitHub.

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We also have other advantages that are only available when

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using it in combination with GitHub.

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And one of the core advantages here

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is the collaboration part.

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So the option to work on projects together

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with other developers,

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and this is where we will dive deeper.

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Now at this stage of the course,

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at this stage of this module,

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and to understand this,

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we have to go back to this public versus

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private repository

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thing we saw when we created our remote repository

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here on GitHub.

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For this,

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I'm here in another browser.

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This is the safari browser on Mac here.

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And if you look at the right top part here of this page,

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you see that I am not logged into GitHub here with my

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account.

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I'm on the M-LOAM GitHub page.

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So basically on the GitHub page of the account

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I used for the,

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well,

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first lectures of this module,

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GitHub part.

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Now,

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and as you see this web Def GitHub repository,

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we created is a public repository.

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You can see it here.

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And if I select this now

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and go to code over here,

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I could clone the code.

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We saw this process already.

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So with the help of this URL,

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we can access the code.

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And then we could theoretically push this code to this

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remote repository again.

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Of course you would need the personal access token granting

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us access to the account that holds this repository.

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So again,

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my accounts here,

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which is the so-called owner of this repository,

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but theoretically,

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this would work.

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Mm from a practical perspective though,

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this doesn't make too much sense.

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Assuming that this is a rather confidential project

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so to say an internal project,

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we are working on discord for our purposes for example,

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be a new update of the academy.com website.

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Well, this wouldn't be something

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we share in the public repository

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here,

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we would rather use a private repository and then add a

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so-called collaborator to this project,

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which would be another GitHub account.

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So the account of the person that has a specific task

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assigned as part of this website update,

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we might want to implement.

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What does this mean for us now?

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Well,

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first this means that we could create a new repository,

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a private repository now

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for this M-LOAM

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so also for your

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GitHub account here in this case,

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in step one,

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as I said,

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to do that,

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we have multiple options to access the repositories.

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One would be to go to our profile over here and then go to

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your repositories.

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And then we are back on this,

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well,

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repositories page here,

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this ribbon,

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this is by the way,

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the overview.

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So the starting page,

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which we can see over here,

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if we go back.

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So that's again here,

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this starting page of the corresponding GitHub account.

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So I'm on this page and if it would select it right here

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with not being locked in,

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I,

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of course,

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wouldn't be able to create a new repository,

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but here in this account,

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where I'm logged in.

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I could now say I go to the repositories ribbon in here.

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I'll create a new repository,

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nothing special here.

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We saw this already earlier in this module here,

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we could give this a name.

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Let's maybe call it

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shopping

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site.

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Let's say we have a online shop here.

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For example,

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we've owned,

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create an online shop,

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just to give you a better idea of how this might work

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practically.

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So this is the shopping side repository.

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We bond at a description,

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but this time we won't make it public,

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but we will set it to private so we can choose who can see

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and commit to this repository.

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And as you see it up here,

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we can also choose who can commit for a public repository.

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So this collaborator part is of course also possible for

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public repositories.

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Nevertheless,

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typically,

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if we have these,

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well,

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rather confidential projects,

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we will use private repositories.

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So I also want to show you this repository type here,

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we again,

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omit the options down here and create this repository now.

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Now we could,

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again,

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connect our local

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Git project with this repository.

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I'll do this in a few seconds,

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but not related to this account here.

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Therefore,

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what we'll do here is we'll create a new file.

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In here,

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and call it maybe landing page dot texts

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and could say code for

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the landing page of the shopping website.

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Of course,

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these are just some dummy data,

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as you can see,

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you know,

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where I'm coming from.

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Okay? So let's scroll down and let's commit this with added

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landing page,

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for example.

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And now we commit this new file,

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okay?

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With this we are done.

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And now let's say we want to have a team page being added to

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this website,

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and we don't want to do this on our own.

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We have another person inside or outside our company.

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Doesn't play a role here that has this task assigned.

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What this other person needs is just a GitHub account.

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And then we can add this person as so-called collaborator.

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Where can we add such a collaborator now?

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Well,

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we want to add a collaborator for a specific repository.

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Therefore the profile over here.

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So our GitHub profile or our GitHub account and settings is

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the wrong area because this affects the entire account

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so to say,

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but as you're currently inside our repository,

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our private repository here,

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by the way now.

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We can go to the settings option over here

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and there we go to manage access,

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this option.

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In here,

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we can now see that we have a private repository.

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So only those with access to this repository can view it.

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And I can also prove this to you.

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If I quickly go back to the,

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well,

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safari browser here with

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the GitHub page being opened.

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So in here this page,

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and if I reload,

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this,

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you see,

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we still only have this web dev GitHub repository in here

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because that's the public one.

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So we now have a private repository,

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which was exactly our goal.

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So let's go back and here we can see that we have zero

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collaborators who have access to this repository.

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And down here,

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we can invite a so-called collaborator.

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So why don't we do this to see what this is all about?

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So let's click here.

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And here we can now search for a

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username,

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the full name or the email off another GitHub account.

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And for this,

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I'll use my other GitHub account that I have,

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which is called

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manulorenz,

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please don't use the same one to send me the invitations,

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because well this would not be the goal of this lecture,

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to be honest.

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So I'll select my other account in case you want to follow

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along,

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you can just create a second GitHub account for yourself to

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then try this.

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So I'll use my other account.

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And now I'll add this account to this repository as

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so-called collaborator,

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let me do this by clicking on to add to this repository.

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Now,

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down here,

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you see that we are awaiting the response and yet,

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we have a pending in white.

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And if the other person in this case,

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while the other person is also myself,

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but let's assume that we have two different persons here.

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So if the other person then checks his email account,

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then this is what this invitation looks like.

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And if the other person then clicks onto view invitation and

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important this person has to be logged in into the GitHub

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account that was invited,

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then this other account should see this page here.

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And with that,

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we can now accept this invitation.

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And this means we added the other account as collaborator to

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our project.

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And now will be also see that this collaborator has the

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right to push changes to our shopping side repository.

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And if we now go back to the page who owns this repository.

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So in my case,

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this M-LOAM user,

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so GitHub.com here slash M-LOAM.

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So please use your account name here that you're using.

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So with this,

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you see,

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we now are on the overview page again,

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and in repositories,

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we now can see that besides our

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web Def GitHub public repository,

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this private repository is also accessible now.

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Let's access it here.

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And if we go back to our owner account,

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so the account who created this repository

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and reload this page to

256
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then you see that Manuel Lorenz.

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My case here now is a so-called collaborator.

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And this collaborator can now of course,

259
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well clone this project,

260
00:10:22,430 --> 00:10:23,530
for example,

261
00:10:23,530 --> 00:10:24,810
add changes,

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00:10:24,810 --> 00:10:26,150
implement the team page,

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for example,

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and then push these changes to the remote repository.

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How does this work from a practical perspective now?

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Well,

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for this,

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let's go back to the other accounts.

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So to the collaborator account.

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There,

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we can now go to code inside the shopping side repository

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and copy the URL.

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Now,

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I'll create a new empty folder on my computer and the

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new visual studio code instance.

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So in here I created a new folder collaborate,

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which I drag and dropped into a new visual studio code

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instance,

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as I said,

280
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and we can also,

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00:11:06,463 --> 00:11:07,296
again,

282
00:11:07,296 --> 00:11:09,803
bring up our um terminal here.

283
00:11:11,320 --> 00:11:12,153
Now in here,

284
00:11:12,153 --> 00:11:13,490
I'll run,

285
00:11:13,490 --> 00:11:14,940
Git clone

286
00:11:15,900 --> 00:11:18,450
now a space and I'll paste the URL.

287
00:11:18,450 --> 00:11:22,150
And as I said to make sure the folders and files are

288
00:11:22,150 --> 00:11:25,240
directly copied into this well collaborate folder,

289
00:11:25,240 --> 00:11:26,220
in my case,

290
00:11:26,220 --> 00:11:28,890
I'll add a space and dot with this.

291
00:11:28,890 --> 00:11:33,663
The copying will be done exactly as I just described it.

292
00:11:35,890 --> 00:11:36,723
Now,

293
00:11:36,723 --> 00:11:37,556
everything was cloned.

294
00:11:37,556 --> 00:11:39,600
No big surprise here,

295
00:11:39,600 --> 00:11:40,560
but now I can,

296
00:11:40,560 --> 00:11:41,410
for example,

297
00:11:41,410 --> 00:11:45,350
add a new file here and call it team

298
00:11:46,380 --> 00:11:48,313
page dot texts.

299
00:11:50,060 --> 00:11:51,500
We won't add any content here.

300
00:11:51,500 --> 00:11:53,710
It's just about the file actually.

301
00:11:53,710 --> 00:11:57,060
And now I can clear this and well,

302
00:11:57,060 --> 00:11:59,000
if I would push this now,

303
00:11:59,000 --> 00:12:00,570
then this would work.

304
00:12:00,570 --> 00:12:01,653
Do you know why?

305
00:12:02,530 --> 00:12:03,363
Well,

306
00:12:03,363 --> 00:12:04,196
because in my case,

307
00:12:04,196 --> 00:12:07,540
I'm working from the same machine here and this machine well

308
00:12:07,540 --> 00:12:11,410
contains the credentials of the owners.

309
00:12:11,410 --> 00:12:15,040
GitHub accounts at this M-LOAM account.

310
00:12:15,040 --> 00:12:16,630
And in the example,

311
00:12:16,630 --> 00:12:18,530
we are well showing you here,

312
00:12:18,530 --> 00:12:21,920
we actually would simulate two different machines.

313
00:12:21,920 --> 00:12:26,890
Therefore here we should get rid of the token of the

314
00:12:26,890 --> 00:12:31,560
personal access token that was stored on this machine.

315
00:12:31,560 --> 00:12:35,230
And we can get rid of this information as follows.

316
00:12:35,230 --> 00:12:38,190
We saw this already in the last lecture,

317
00:12:38,190 --> 00:12:41,320
so we run Git credential

318
00:12:41,320 --> 00:12:42,920
dash

319
00:12:42,920 --> 00:12:43,753
O,

320
00:12:44,840 --> 00:12:46,330
S, X

321
00:12:46,330 --> 00:12:47,720
key chain

322
00:12:47,720 --> 00:12:48,750
space,

323
00:12:48,750 --> 00:12:49,683
erase,

324
00:12:51,190 --> 00:12:52,023
enter.

325
00:12:53,370 --> 00:12:56,950
Now hosts is equal to GitHub.com

326
00:12:58,190 --> 00:13:00,390
and the protocol is

327
00:13:00,390 --> 00:13:01,573
HTTPS.

328
00:13:03,100 --> 00:13:05,920
Let's confirm this with enter twice.

329
00:13:05,920 --> 00:13:09,590
This means we could now push these changes we made before we

330
00:13:09,590 --> 00:13:10,423
do that though,

331
00:13:10,423 --> 00:13:12,400
we have to add these changes of course,

332
00:13:12,400 --> 00:13:14,050
to the staging area.

333
00:13:14,050 --> 00:13:16,090
And then also commit the changes

334
00:13:16,940 --> 00:13:19,940
with a message of added team page.

335
00:13:19,940 --> 00:13:21,210
For example,

336
00:13:21,210 --> 00:13:22,700
like this.

337
00:13:22,700 --> 00:13:23,720
And by the way,

338
00:13:23,720 --> 00:13:25,110
here in our project,

339
00:13:25,110 --> 00:13:26,800
if we check our branch,

340
00:13:26,800 --> 00:13:29,750
you'll see that we are working in the main branch.

341
00:13:29,750 --> 00:13:31,890
In typical projects,

342
00:13:31,890 --> 00:13:35,830
you wouldn't use the same branch to implement a new feature.

343
00:13:35,830 --> 00:13:38,810
You would have used a feature branch for example,

344
00:13:38,810 --> 00:13:40,350
and implemented the change in there,

345
00:13:40,350 --> 00:13:42,260
and then pushed this new branch.

346
00:13:42,260 --> 00:13:45,210
I want to focus on to the collaboration parts

347
00:13:45,210 --> 00:13:46,280
here in general.

348
00:13:46,280 --> 00:13:47,113
Therefore,

349
00:13:47,113 --> 00:13:48,640
we added this change here,

350
00:13:48,640 --> 00:13:51,230
inside this main branch,

351
00:13:51,230 --> 00:13:52,063
nevertheless,

352
00:13:52,063 --> 00:13:56,080
with the change now being well implemented or added as new

353
00:13:56,080 --> 00:13:56,913
commit,

354
00:13:56,913 --> 00:13:59,150
we can now push these change.

355
00:13:59,150 --> 00:14:03,240
And without the collaboration logic we implemented now for

356
00:14:03,240 --> 00:14:04,620
this user,

357
00:14:04,620 --> 00:14:08,450
we would either need the personal access token of the

358
00:14:08,450 --> 00:14:10,580
repository owner account.

359
00:14:10,580 --> 00:14:11,990
So in our case,

360
00:14:11,990 --> 00:14:15,100
this would be this M-LOAM account here,

361
00:14:15,100 --> 00:14:16,500
this one,

362
00:14:16,500 --> 00:14:19,400
or if we wouldn't have this personal access token,

363
00:14:19,400 --> 00:14:21,240
we couldn't push because otherwise

364
00:14:21,240 --> 00:14:23,910
we wouldn't have this required access,

365
00:14:23,910 --> 00:14:26,260
but with the second account.

366
00:14:26,260 --> 00:14:31,260
So this Manuel Lorenz account here now being a collaborator,

367
00:14:31,370 --> 00:14:34,520
granting ourselves access to this account

368
00:14:34,520 --> 00:14:35,700
and the repositories,

369
00:14:35,700 --> 00:14:37,670
this account has access to,

370
00:14:37,670 --> 00:14:41,160
will allow us to push to this repository,

371
00:14:41,160 --> 00:14:44,770
meaning to the shopping site repository we created

372
00:14:44,770 --> 00:14:48,270
in this account here with the other account,

373
00:14:48,270 --> 00:14:49,713
being a collaborator now.

374
00:14:51,960 --> 00:14:55,630
As we are talking about general account access here,

375
00:14:55,630 --> 00:14:57,940
we have to go to our profile settings

376
00:14:58,870 --> 00:14:59,703
down here,

377
00:15:01,210 --> 00:15:02,043
there,

378
00:15:02,043 --> 00:15:03,970
scroll down to the developer settings

379
00:15:04,860 --> 00:15:07,410
to personal access tokens.

380
00:15:07,410 --> 00:15:09,280
And there we can now create a new one

381
00:15:09,280 --> 00:15:12,260
by clicking on to generate new token.

382
00:15:12,260 --> 00:15:14,970
And here we could call it web Def

383
00:15:17,350 --> 00:15:18,183
course.

384
00:15:18,183 --> 00:15:22,380
maybe simple as that and elegant set the scope with all

385
00:15:23,420 --> 00:15:24,850
um rights,

386
00:15:24,850 --> 00:15:26,190
excluding admin rights.

387
00:15:26,190 --> 00:15:27,710
So repo workflow,

388
00:15:27,710 --> 00:15:28,750
right packages,

389
00:15:28,750 --> 00:15:29,693
delete packages,

390
00:15:30,930 --> 00:15:32,180
just notifications,

391
00:15:32,180 --> 00:15:34,290
user delete repo,

392
00:15:34,290 --> 00:15:36,350
and right discussion.

393
00:15:36,350 --> 00:15:37,183
And with this,

394
00:15:37,183 --> 00:15:38,740
we can now generate this token

395
00:15:40,450 --> 00:15:42,283
and copy it from here.

396
00:15:43,310 --> 00:15:45,010
Now, go back to we as code

397
00:15:46,570 --> 00:15:50,810
here now add Git push origin

398
00:15:51,950 --> 00:15:53,200
main.

399
00:15:53,200 --> 00:15:54,430
Let's see.

400
00:15:54,430 --> 00:15:57,440
Now we should be prompted to enter our credentials.

401
00:15:57,440 --> 00:15:58,273
Yes,

402
00:15:58,273 --> 00:15:59,106
this is working.

403
00:15:59,106 --> 00:16:01,100
We don't want to use the Git up extension.

404
00:16:01,100 --> 00:16:03,010
So let's cancel this.

405
00:16:03,010 --> 00:16:05,080
Now we have to enter the username.

406
00:16:05,080 --> 00:16:06,010
Keep in mind.

407
00:16:06,010 --> 00:16:09,590
This now refers to the collaborator accounts username.

408
00:16:09,590 --> 00:16:12,360
So in my case Manulorenz,

409
00:16:12,360 --> 00:16:13,193
here,

410
00:16:14,030 --> 00:16:16,003
I can confirm this with enter.

411
00:16:17,160 --> 00:16:20,090
Now I'll paste the personal access token.

412
00:16:20,090 --> 00:16:23,490
And after confirming this with enter two,

413
00:16:23,490 --> 00:16:24,323
yeah,

414
00:16:24,323 --> 00:16:28,840
we see that our main repository was updated with this added

415
00:16:28,840 --> 00:16:30,260
file now.

416
00:16:30,260 --> 00:16:33,120
And if we go back to the collaborator page for the

417
00:16:33,120 --> 00:16:35,040
repository and there,

418
00:16:35,040 --> 00:16:36,820
if you now click onto the well,

419
00:16:36,820 --> 00:16:38,473
GitHub symbol over there,

420
00:16:39,780 --> 00:16:42,037
we can find this repository here.

421
00:16:42,037 --> 00:16:45,730
You see it as a private repository with this lock symbol

422
00:16:45,730 --> 00:16:46,830
right here.

423
00:16:46,830 --> 00:16:48,870
Let's access this now.

424
00:16:48,870 --> 00:16:52,260
And then you'll see that we added this team page dot text

425
00:16:52,260 --> 00:16:55,943
file as a separate commits to commits in total here.

426
00:16:56,890 --> 00:16:59,623
And by going back to the owner account now,

427
00:17:00,500 --> 00:17:03,140
over here by either doing the same thing

428
00:17:03,140 --> 00:17:05,359
by clicking onto the GitHub symbol or by

429
00:17:05,359 --> 00:17:08,609
accessing the shopping site repo directly in here.

430
00:17:08,609 --> 00:17:09,443
you see,

431
00:17:09,443 --> 00:17:10,276
well, the same thing.

432
00:17:10,276 --> 00:17:11,108
Basically,

433
00:17:11,108 --> 00:17:12,010
we have two commits in here.

434
00:17:12,010 --> 00:17:13,900
Now with the second commit,

435
00:17:13,900 --> 00:17:17,480
including this team page dot text file also visible.

436
00:17:17,480 --> 00:17:20,660
If we click onto the commits there you can see that I added

437
00:17:20,660 --> 00:17:21,690
this,

438
00:17:21,690 --> 00:17:23,589
so this is working,

439
00:17:23,589 --> 00:17:27,160
but what if one of the two people

440
00:17:27,160 --> 00:17:31,120
involved here updates code on GitHub?

441
00:17:31,120 --> 00:17:35,150
How can the other person access this updated code

442
00:17:35,150 --> 00:17:36,250
via Git then?

443
00:17:36,250 --> 00:17:38,970
Because we have to connection to get and get up for both

444
00:17:38,970 --> 00:17:41,270
users for both collaborators.

445
00:17:41,270 --> 00:17:44,520
But this updating process is something

446
00:17:44,520 --> 00:17:46,980
we didn't cover so far.

447
00:17:46,980 --> 00:17:50,550
For this myself here in this owner account.

448
00:17:50,550 --> 00:17:51,600
So to say,

449
00:17:51,600 --> 00:17:53,910
we'll now go back to the repository

450
00:17:54,890 --> 00:17:57,970
and I'll just add a new file in here.

451
00:17:57,970 --> 00:17:59,333
Let's create a new file,

452
00:18:00,490 --> 00:18:03,280
and I'll call this file

453
00:18:03,280 --> 00:18:06,730
added remote dot texts.

454
00:18:06,730 --> 00:18:09,890
So I added this in the remote repository,

455
00:18:09,890 --> 00:18:12,060
I'll omit any texts in there.

456
00:18:12,060 --> 00:18:14,060
And I'll just add this commit

457
00:18:14,060 --> 00:18:16,270
added remote

458
00:18:16,270 --> 00:18:18,330
text file in there.

459
00:18:18,330 --> 00:18:21,140
So this file is added on GitHub now.

460
00:18:21,140 --> 00:18:23,270
So I'll commit this new file and

461
00:18:23,270 --> 00:18:26,820
therefore the repository is updated.

462
00:18:26,820 --> 00:18:27,653
And if,

463
00:18:27,653 --> 00:18:29,310
and I'll go back to vs code

464
00:18:30,570 --> 00:18:31,403
in here,

465
00:18:31,403 --> 00:18:33,258
I am in the collaborator,

466
00:18:33,258 --> 00:18:34,300
of Git project.

467
00:18:34,300 --> 00:18:35,133
So to say,

468
00:18:35,133 --> 00:18:37,090
which you could clear once again,

469
00:18:37,090 --> 00:18:39,793
then we don't have this latest stage in here.

470
00:18:40,810 --> 00:18:44,650
Well to update our local repository,

471
00:18:44,650 --> 00:18:49,560
we can simply run in other Git command and we know Git push

472
00:18:49,560 --> 00:18:54,560
already to bring local changes to the remote repository and

473
00:18:54,940 --> 00:18:56,460
to do it the other way around.

474
00:18:56,460 --> 00:18:57,950
So to bring changes from

475
00:18:57,950 --> 00:19:01,020
the remote repository to our local one,

476
00:19:01,020 --> 00:19:02,973
we just use Git pull.

477
00:19:03,940 --> 00:19:05,430
If we run this command,

478
00:19:05,430 --> 00:19:06,263
now,

479
00:19:07,300 --> 00:19:11,970
you'll see that our local repository was updated.

480
00:19:11,970 --> 00:19:14,853
And by now running Git log,

481
00:19:16,140 --> 00:19:20,350
you'll see that this added remote text file commit is now

482
00:19:20,350 --> 00:19:23,853
part of our local repository.

483
00:19:24,950 --> 00:19:28,140
So this is how this all ties together with this.

484
00:19:28,140 --> 00:19:30,630
We can work locally on Git.

485
00:19:30,630 --> 00:19:34,530
Bring the changes to GitHub also amongst other

486
00:19:34,530 --> 00:19:35,900
collaborators.

487
00:19:35,900 --> 00:19:40,160
And in case our remote repository was updated.

488
00:19:40,160 --> 00:19:44,630
We can receive this updated information locally on Git

489
00:19:44,630 --> 00:19:46,313
with Git pull.

490
00:19:47,270 --> 00:19:48,550
With this,

491
00:19:48,550 --> 00:19:52,420
I want to conclude this collaboration part.

492
00:19:52,420 --> 00:19:57,420
And I would like to introduce one additional core concept,

493
00:19:57,440 --> 00:20:01,270
which is important whenever multiple people might

494
00:20:01,270 --> 00:20:02,290
contribute,

495
00:20:02,290 --> 00:20:03,330
not collaborate,

496
00:20:03,330 --> 00:20:07,240
but contribute to a specific project.

497
00:20:07,240 --> 00:20:11,400
So contribution is the last core part of this lecture.

498
00:20:11,400 --> 00:20:13,593
We'll dive into as a next step.