1 00:00:02,230 --> 00:00:06,260 What is Full Stack Web Development? 2 00:00:06,260 --> 00:00:09,240 Let me clarify to you a few terms So, 3 00:00:09,240 --> 00:00:11,915 that we started a common understanding of 4 00:00:11,915 --> 00:00:17,895 full stack web development as applied in this special session. 5 00:00:17,895 --> 00:00:22,360 We often hear people talking about the frond end and back end. 6 00:00:22,360 --> 00:00:28,095 The frond end is where we are delivering the content to the user, typically, 7 00:00:28,095 --> 00:00:32,135 in a browser where they use accesses the information, 8 00:00:32,135 --> 00:00:36,800 and this is where we use technologies like HTML, 9 00:00:36,800 --> 00:00:41,435 CSS and JavaScript to render the content for to the user. 10 00:00:41,435 --> 00:00:48,275 This information delivery is supported behind the scenes by 11 00:00:48,275 --> 00:00:56,825 a back end support which is typically implemented these days using technologies like PHP, 12 00:00:56,825 --> 00:01:02,670 Java, ASP.NET, Ruby, Python or NodeJS. 13 00:01:02,670 --> 00:01:08,279 We often hear people talking about the three tier architecture for Web Development. 14 00:01:08,279 --> 00:01:14,235 In this approach, the entire web application is organized into three different layers. 15 00:01:14,235 --> 00:01:20,500 The presentation layer, which is concerned with delivering the to the user, 16 00:01:20,500 --> 00:01:21,545 So, this is usually 17 00:01:21,545 --> 00:01:26,710 the UI-related concerns that are dealt with at the presentation layer. 18 00:01:26,710 --> 00:01:29,070 The Business Logic Layer, on the other hand, 19 00:01:29,070 --> 00:01:32,670 is concerned more about the data, the data validation, 20 00:01:32,670 --> 00:01:34,570 the dynamic content processing, 21 00:01:34,570 --> 00:01:39,260 and generating the content to be delivered to the user. 22 00:01:39,260 --> 00:01:42,500 This is backed up behind the scenes 23 00:01:42,500 --> 00:01:46,030 with the data persistence layer or the data access layer. 24 00:01:46,030 --> 00:01:52,000 So, this is concerned with how we store and interact with the data, 25 00:01:52,000 --> 00:01:58,650 typically, in the form of a database and access this data through an API. 26 00:01:58,650 --> 00:02:02,950 Exploring this further, let us see what is implemented 27 00:02:02,950 --> 00:02:08,255 typically in the traditional web development in each of these three layers. 28 00:02:08,255 --> 00:02:13,490 The Business Logic Layer is usually implemented these days using technologies like Ruby, 29 00:02:13,490 --> 00:02:19,220 Python, PHP, JAVA, C++ or ASP.NET. 30 00:02:19,220 --> 00:02:25,430 This Business Logic Layer is interacting behind the scenes with 31 00:02:25,430 --> 00:02:28,260 the persistent data typically stored in 32 00:02:28,260 --> 00:02:34,395 a relational database and accessed by the Business Logic Layer. 33 00:02:34,395 --> 00:02:37,360 The Business Logic Layer is also concerned 34 00:02:37,360 --> 00:02:40,970 with the rendering of information to the front side, 35 00:02:40,970 --> 00:02:44,285 typically, in the form of server-side rendering these days. 36 00:02:44,285 --> 00:02:47,480 So, the HTML, CSS and JavaScript is generated on 37 00:02:47,480 --> 00:02:52,460 the server-side and then sent over to the client side in the form of a web page. 38 00:02:52,460 --> 00:02:58,925 In this approach, we need specialists in each of these three layers. 39 00:02:58,925 --> 00:03:01,010 So, frond end specialists, typically, 40 00:03:01,010 --> 00:03:06,390 would be well-versed in HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. 41 00:03:06,390 --> 00:03:10,280 The business logic specialist would be 42 00:03:10,280 --> 00:03:14,390 well-versed in one of the technologies that is used 43 00:03:14,390 --> 00:03:17,310 for implementing the business logic and then you need 44 00:03:17,310 --> 00:03:24,120 a data specialist who will be well-versed in the relational database management system. 45 00:03:24,120 --> 00:03:27,810 There is an increasing trend towards using 46 00:03:27,810 --> 00:03:32,225 a single language to implement the entire stack, 47 00:03:32,225 --> 00:03:37,530 this being JavaScript so you could have the frond end implemented, 48 00:03:37,530 --> 00:03:43,800 for example, as a single page application using frameworks like Angular or React. 49 00:03:43,800 --> 00:03:46,450 You have the server-side or 50 00:03:46,450 --> 00:03:51,080 the Business Logic Layer being implemented using technologies like NodeJS, 51 00:03:51,080 --> 00:03:56,165 which is also dependent on and JavaScript and then you have the data storage, itself, 52 00:03:56,165 --> 00:03:59,525 being implemented using technologies like MongoDB, 53 00:03:59,525 --> 00:04:03,605 which stores data in the form of JSON documents. 54 00:04:03,605 --> 00:04:10,640 And the information exchange between the server side and the client side is usually 55 00:04:10,640 --> 00:04:19,690 done using JSON as the format and the server side supports a REST API endpoint. 56 00:04:19,690 --> 00:04:24,990 We will cover these technologies as part of this specialization. 57 00:04:24,990 --> 00:04:27,875 So, as you go through the specialization, 58 00:04:27,875 --> 00:04:31,370 you will see that on the presentation layer side, 59 00:04:31,370 --> 00:04:35,510 we will cover Bootstrap four and Angular or 60 00:04:35,510 --> 00:04:40,420 React for implementing frond end applications while on 61 00:04:40,420 --> 00:04:45,115 the Business Logic Layer we will be using NodeJS and NodeJS modules 62 00:04:45,115 --> 00:04:51,100 and express for implementing the Business Logic Layer. 63 00:04:51,100 --> 00:04:54,720 We will also consider back end as a service and 64 00:04:54,720 --> 00:04:59,400 then the data support implemented using MongoDB.