WEBVTT 1 00:00.740 --> 00:02.870 Hello and welcome to your new session. 2 00:02.870 --> 00:07.460 In this session, we are going to study bitwise logical operations. 3 00:07.940 --> 00:12.170 So first, we will discuss the theory behind it and see how it works. 4 00:12.620 --> 00:15.650 So we have the bitwise AND operation. 5 00:15.650 --> 00:23.090 Assuming that in the -, - has got the values all these values, and - has got all these values. 6 00:23.090 --> 00:26.360 So the result of zero and zero will be zero. 7 00:26.540 --> 00:29.810 So that is an AND operation for zero and zero. 8 00:30.020 --> 00:33.440 Then the result of zero and one is zero. 9 00:33.770 --> 00:37.640 The result of one and zero is zero. One and one gives you one. 10 00:37.940 --> 00:41.630 So in order to get one, both - and - must be one. 11 00:42.320 --> 00:43.940 Let's take a look at an example. 12 00:43.940 --> 00:47.930 Supposing the first binary number is this and second binary number is this. 13 00:47.930 --> 00:49.670 So what is the result of AND? 14 00:49.940 --> 00:57.800 If you go from top to bottom and compare each bit, bit by bit, you will see that zero and one is zero, 15 00:57.800 --> 00:59.360 zero and one is zero, 16 00:59.360 --> 01:07.700 zero and one is zero, zero and zero is zero, zero and zero is zero, one and one is one, zero and one is zero, zero and zero is zero. 17 01:07.700 --> 01:14.990 So the final result of performing an AND operation between this value and this value gives you this result. 18 01:15.740 --> 01:18.380 Take a look at the next one, bitwise OR operation. 19 01:18.680 --> 01:28.220 So in bitwise OR operation, zero or zero is zero, zero or one is one, one or zero is one, one or one is one. 20 01:28.220 --> 01:32.810 So the idea here is either - is one or - is one. 21 01:32.810 --> 01:33.950 The result will be one. 22 01:34.460 --> 01:35.360 Take an example. 23 01:35.360 --> 01:39.380 If your first binary number is this and the second binary number is this, 24 01:39.380 --> 01:49.250 so if we did the OR operation for every bit, one or zero is one, zero or one is one, one or zero is one, one or zero is 25 01:49.250 --> 01:55.580 one, one or zero is one, one or one is one, zero or zero is zero, zero or zero is zero. 26 01:55.580 --> 01:58.070 So you read the final result is this. 27 01:59.390 --> 02:03.410 Next one is a bitwise XOR operation. 28 02:03.410 --> 02:07.010 XOR operation requires that only one of these be one. 29 02:07.010 --> 02:08.180 You cannot have both be one. 30 02:08.510 --> 02:17.990 Take a look at this. Zero XOR zero is zero, zero XOR one is one, one XOR zero is one, one XOR one is zero. 31 02:17.990 --> 02:20.780 So you can see here this one does not fulfill the requirement. 32 02:20.960 --> 02:22.790 So that's why you're getting zero. 33 02:23.270 --> 02:24.290 Take a look at example. 34 02:24.290 --> 02:26.450 If first number is this, second number is this. 35 02:26.480 --> 02:41.990 If you perform a XOR, one XOR zero is one, zero XOR one is one, one XOR zero is one, one XOR zero is one, one XOR zero is one, one XOR one is zero, zero XOR zero is zero, zero XOR zero is zero. 36 02:43.930 --> 02:47.350 And the last one is bitwise NOT operation. 37 02:47.410 --> 02:51.760 So what it does is just to reverse the value. 38 02:51.760 --> 02:57.190 So NOT zero is one, NOT one is zero. 39 02:57.460 --> 02:59.410 So an example will be this. 40 02:59.440 --> 03:02.050 If you are going to NOT two values, 41 03:02.260 --> 03:04.720 so you compare the first number here. 42 03:05.260 --> 03:08.590 If you are going to NOT this value, you take the first bit here. 43 03:08.590 --> 03:10.330 If you NOT one, it becomes zero. 44 03:10.360 --> 03:11.590 NOT zero is one. 45 03:11.590 --> 03:15.760 NOT one is zero, NOT one is zero, NOT zero is one, NOT one is zero, 46 03:15.760 --> 03:17.680 NOT zero is one, NOT one is zero. 47 03:17.680 --> 03:20.950 So finally what you get is all the bits are flipped. 48 03:21.280 --> 03:28.000 So this is how the bitwise logical operations work. In the upcoming videos, 49 03:28.000 --> 03:30.820 we are going to try this in the x64dbg. 50 03:31.210 --> 03:32.650 That's all for this video. 51 03:32.650 --> 03:34.060 Thank you for watching.