WEBVTT 1 00:00:00.200 --> 00:00:01.700 Hi guys and welcome back. 2 00:00:01.700 --> 00:00:03.850 In this video, we're going to learn how to create 3 00:00:03.850 --> 00:00:06.420 pie charts with matplotlib and we're also going 4 00:00:06.420 --> 00:00:10.100 to use our poll data to create some pie charts. 5 00:00:10.100 --> 00:00:11.690 Let's get to it. 6 00:00:11.690 --> 00:00:14.760 We've been using dot plot to create line graphs. 7 00:00:14.760 --> 00:00:18.440 But matplotlib can very easily create pie charts as well. 8 00:00:18.440 --> 00:00:19.770 In its simplest form, though, 9 00:00:19.770 --> 00:00:22.690 a pie chart requires only a list of numbers. 10 00:00:22.690 --> 00:00:24.600 So let's get started with that. 11 00:00:24.600 --> 00:00:28.490 We're gonna do figure equal plt dot figure. 12 00:00:28.490 --> 00:00:30.360 And we're gonna add our axes here. 13 00:00:30.360 --> 00:00:32.950 Since we're only doing a single set of axes, 14 00:00:32.950 --> 00:00:35.800 I'm just gonna do this instead of using the shorthand. 15 00:00:35.800 --> 00:00:38.120 So we'll do add, subplot. 16 00:00:38.120 --> 00:00:40.150 And here we can put in one, one, one, 17 00:00:40.150 --> 00:00:43.100 since we are only creating one row and one column. 18 00:00:43.100 --> 00:00:45.640 And the index that we want to place 19 00:00:45.640 --> 00:00:48.320 this set of axes in is one. 20 00:00:48.320 --> 00:00:49.460 You don't have to put this in. 21 00:00:49.460 --> 00:00:50.340 This is the default. 22 00:00:50.340 --> 00:00:51.290 So if you leave it empty, 23 00:00:51.290 --> 00:00:53.200 that's what's gonna happen anyway. 24 00:00:53.200 --> 00:00:55.960 Then we can do something like axes dot pie. 25 00:00:55.960 --> 00:00:57.540 And this is gonna create a pie chart. 26 00:00:57.540 --> 00:00:59.980 And what it needs is three numbers. 27 00:00:59.980 --> 00:01:02.590 For example, 63, 28, and eight. 28 00:01:02.590 --> 00:01:05.250 Let's say that we've got a poll from our database, 29 00:01:05.250 --> 00:01:09.370 and it received 99 votes, which is what this adds up to. 30 00:01:09.370 --> 00:01:12.990 So about 63% of those votes, is this, 31 00:01:12.990 --> 00:01:17.290 28% of the votes is that, and 8% of the vote is this number. 32 00:01:17.290 --> 00:01:20.070 This is going to create a pie chart with three segments, 33 00:01:20.070 --> 00:01:25.070 where this one equates to 63% each of the total. 34 00:01:25.240 --> 00:01:28.670 So let me just run this and show you what that looks like. 35 00:01:28.670 --> 00:01:30.370 We get this pie chart here. 36 00:01:30.370 --> 00:01:34.230 63 is the blue, 28 is the orange and eight is the green. 37 00:01:34.230 --> 00:01:36.350 Notice that matplotlib has also taken care 38 00:01:36.350 --> 00:01:38.810 of the colours for us and it uses the default colours 39 00:01:38.810 --> 00:01:41.960 which look alright, in order to draw this pie chart. 40 00:01:41.960 --> 00:01:44.010 We can also pass in labels for each. 41 00:01:44.010 --> 00:01:45.200 So I'm gonna do that now. 42 00:01:45.200 --> 00:01:49.090 What I'm gonna do is extract these numbers into a variable. 43 00:01:49.090 --> 00:01:51.920 So I'll call it option votes, for example. 44 00:01:51.920 --> 00:01:54.000 And then we'll create option names. 45 00:01:54.000 --> 00:01:58.980 And we'll have Flask, Django, and It depends. 46 00:01:58.980 --> 00:02:00.520 Depends like that. 47 00:02:00.520 --> 00:02:02.670 And I'm gonna spread it into three lines 48 00:02:02.670 --> 00:02:04.140 just so it's a bit more readable. 49 00:02:04.140 --> 00:02:05.950 And now we have to pass these in here. 50 00:02:05.950 --> 00:02:08.290 So the first one is option votes. 51 00:02:08.290 --> 00:02:12.220 And the second one is labels equal option names. 52 00:02:12.220 --> 00:02:14.240 And it's important that this is a keyword argument, 53 00:02:14.240 --> 00:02:17.400 because the order of these arguments does matter. 54 00:02:17.400 --> 00:02:19.810 And it's important that this is a keyword argument. 55 00:02:19.810 --> 00:02:21.570 So now we can run this. 56 00:02:21.570 --> 00:02:25.460 And matplotlib by default is going to separate these labels 57 00:02:25.460 --> 00:02:29.410 by 10% more than the radius of the pie chart. 58 00:02:29.410 --> 00:02:32.540 So these are slightly outside the pie chart there. 59 00:02:32.540 --> 00:02:35.620 In the documentation, you'll find how to adjust that. 60 00:02:35.620 --> 00:02:38.610 There's quite a lot more arguments that we can pass into pie 61 00:02:38.610 --> 00:02:40.210 but we're gonna look at two in particular. 62 00:02:40.210 --> 00:02:41.990 We're gonna look at explode. 63 00:02:41.990 --> 00:02:44.930 So I'm gonna simply bring these 64 00:02:44.930 --> 00:02:46.950 into multiple lines like that. 65 00:02:46.950 --> 00:02:48.580 And then we'll have explode here 66 00:02:48.580 --> 00:02:51.770 and I'm gonna do 0.1, zero and zero. 67 00:02:51.770 --> 00:02:54.620 And what this is going to do is it's going to separate 68 00:02:54.620 --> 00:02:58.760 the first segment, which is 63 or Flask, 69 00:02:58.760 --> 00:03:01.040 from the centre of the pie chart, 70 00:03:01.040 --> 00:03:03.810 while leaving the other two unseparated. 71 00:03:03.810 --> 00:03:05.700 So if I run this, you'll see what I mean. 72 00:03:05.700 --> 00:03:07.140 The centre of the pie chart is here, 73 00:03:07.140 --> 00:03:09.630 and this segment has sort of navigated itself 74 00:03:09.630 --> 00:03:10.913 a bit further away. 75 00:03:12.220 --> 00:03:17.220 Finally, we can use auto pct to display the percentage 76 00:03:17.400 --> 00:03:21.360 that each segment is out of the total within the segment. 77 00:03:21.360 --> 00:03:22.193 In order to do this, 78 00:03:22.193 --> 00:03:25.630 we pass in a format string surrounded by percent signs. 79 00:03:25.630 --> 00:03:29.410 So we can do 1.1 f percent, percent. 80 00:03:29.410 --> 00:03:32.670 And now we're gonna show this as the number of digits. 81 00:03:32.670 --> 00:03:36.230 f because it's a fixed amount of decimal places, 82 00:03:36.230 --> 00:03:37.610 and then a percent sign. 83 00:03:37.610 --> 00:03:40.030 And the string is to be surrounded by percent signs 84 00:03:40.030 --> 00:03:41.260 in order to be valid. 85 00:03:41.260 --> 00:03:43.410 So really, this is the string that we're passing in 86 00:03:43.410 --> 00:03:45.547 and the percent signs are just necessary in matplotlib. 87 00:03:45.547 --> 00:03:47.510 And at the end of the day, what we get back 88 00:03:47.510 --> 00:03:50.620 is 63.6%, 8.1%, 28.3%. 89 00:03:51.880 --> 00:03:54.380 So again, the one here before the decimal place 90 00:03:54.380 --> 00:03:56.450 tells us that we are dealing with numbers. 91 00:03:56.450 --> 00:04:00.050 The point one f tells us how many fixed decimal places 92 00:04:00.050 --> 00:04:00.980 we want to use. 93 00:04:00.980 --> 00:04:02.440 In this case, it's one. 94 00:04:02.440 --> 00:04:03.850 And then the percent sign at the end 95 00:04:03.850 --> 00:04:05.340 is just this percent symbol there. 96 00:04:05.340 --> 00:04:07.140 And it is surrounded by percent signs 97 00:04:07.140 --> 00:04:09.310 to be valid in matplotlib. 98 00:04:09.310 --> 00:04:11.410 Let's expand our app a bit more. 99 00:04:11.410 --> 00:04:13.840 We're gonna show the user the open polls 100 00:04:13.840 --> 00:04:15.160 that we've got in our database. 101 00:04:15.160 --> 00:04:18.080 And we're gonna let them pick which poll they want to graph. 102 00:04:18.080 --> 00:04:20.400 And we're going to create a pie chart 103 00:04:20.400 --> 00:04:22.880 from the data in our database. 104 00:04:22.880 --> 00:04:23.970 The first thing we're gonna need 105 00:04:23.970 --> 00:04:27.060 is to start working on our app structure. 106 00:04:27.060 --> 00:04:29.180 Since we're going to retrieve data 107 00:04:29.180 --> 00:04:31.740 from our polling database, 108 00:04:31.740 --> 00:04:33.280 we're going to build this app 109 00:04:33.280 --> 00:04:35.090 like we did in our earlier sections. 110 00:04:35.090 --> 00:04:37.830 So I'm going to get rid of this file, 111 00:04:37.830 --> 00:04:39.460 since we're not gonna need it just now. 112 00:04:39.460 --> 00:04:43.620 And I'm going to create first of all a dot env file. 113 00:04:43.620 --> 00:04:44.580 And here we're gonna put 114 00:04:44.580 --> 00:04:47.540 the database URI of our application. 115 00:04:47.540 --> 00:04:50.420 I'll also create a dot env dot example file 116 00:04:50.420 --> 00:04:52.200 for other developers in case 117 00:04:52.200 --> 00:04:54.720 that we want to store this in GitHub. 118 00:04:54.720 --> 00:04:58.760 So we'll do database URI equal there. 119 00:04:58.760 --> 00:04:59.800 Now as well as this, 120 00:04:59.800 --> 00:05:01.700 this you should fill in with your own database URI, 121 00:05:01.700 --> 00:05:02.533 by the way. 122 00:05:02.533 --> 00:05:04.530 I'll put mine in, in just a moment. 123 00:05:04.530 --> 00:05:08.390 Next, we're gonna create a database dot py file. 124 00:05:08.390 --> 00:05:11.660 And here we're gonna put our queries that we'll need 125 00:05:11.660 --> 00:05:14.150 to retrieve the information from our database. 126 00:05:14.150 --> 00:05:17.100 Remember, we're gonna ask the user for a poll. 127 00:05:17.100 --> 00:05:19.040 They're gonna pick the poll that they want. 128 00:05:19.040 --> 00:05:20.750 And we're going to create a pie chart 129 00:05:20.750 --> 00:05:22.920 out of the options in that poll. 130 00:05:22.920 --> 00:05:25.650 So what we need really is polls 131 00:05:25.650 --> 00:05:27.970 and options with their votes. 132 00:05:27.970 --> 00:05:29.720 So select polls, 133 00:05:29.720 --> 00:05:32.930 is going to be something like select star from polls, 134 00:05:32.930 --> 00:05:36.670 and the options, select options in poll, 135 00:05:36.670 --> 00:05:38.920 is gonna be something like, 136 00:05:38.920 --> 00:05:43.560 select options dot text and the sum of votes, 137 00:05:43.560 --> 00:05:44.743 from options. 138 00:05:45.850 --> 00:05:50.850 Join polls on options dot poll ID equal polls ID. 139 00:05:51.960 --> 00:05:56.960 Join votes on options dot ID equal votes dot option ID. 140 00:05:58.390 --> 00:06:00.140 Then we're gonna add a where clause, 141 00:06:00.140 --> 00:06:03.270 polls ID equal whatever the user entered. 142 00:06:03.270 --> 00:06:07.140 And we're gonna group by options text. 143 00:06:07.140 --> 00:06:08.670 So these are the two queries we'll need. 144 00:06:08.670 --> 00:06:11.680 And now we can add the rest of our database dot py. 145 00:06:11.680 --> 00:06:15.070 Like importing psycho pg two, loading in the dot env, 146 00:06:15.070 --> 00:06:18.343 and we'll create two functions for these queries. 147 00:06:24.100 --> 00:06:25.850 So I've gone ahead and added my imports 148 00:06:25.850 --> 00:06:27.057 and called load dot env. 149 00:06:27.057 --> 00:06:29.700 But of course, we do need to instal psycho pg two 150 00:06:29.700 --> 00:06:31.270 and python dot env. 151 00:06:31.270 --> 00:06:34.100 So again, you can do this via your terminal, 152 00:06:34.100 --> 00:06:38.500 by simply doing pip instal psycho pg two dash binary 153 00:06:38.500 --> 00:06:40.500 and python dot env. 154 00:06:40.500 --> 00:06:42.670 Make sure to instal psycho pg two dash binary. 155 00:06:42.670 --> 00:06:44.720 Make sure that your pip is up to date 156 00:06:44.720 --> 00:06:46.330 before running this command. 157 00:06:46.330 --> 00:06:48.720 And that is going to instal psycho pg two dash binary 158 00:06:48.720 --> 00:06:50.190 and python dot env. 159 00:06:50.190 --> 00:06:53.960 Now, our red underlines will magically go away. 160 00:06:53.960 --> 00:06:56.790 Next up, we're going to connect to psycho pg two. 161 00:06:56.790 --> 00:07:00.196 So we'll do connection equal psycho pg two dot connect, 162 00:07:00.196 --> 00:07:04.213 os dot environ dot get of database, URI. 163 00:07:05.090 --> 00:07:06.920 And then we'll create our two functions 164 00:07:06.920 --> 00:07:08.883 to execute these queries. 165 00:07:17.210 --> 00:07:18.450 So we've gone ahead and do that. 166 00:07:18.450 --> 00:07:21.220 We have our connection to psycho pg two here. 167 00:07:21.220 --> 00:07:23.470 And then we have our two functions, get polls, 168 00:07:23.470 --> 00:07:25.950 which opens up the transaction, gets a cursor 169 00:07:25.950 --> 00:07:28.490 and executes the query and then returns everything. 170 00:07:28.490 --> 00:07:30.530 And get options which takes in a poll ID, 171 00:07:30.530 --> 00:07:32.020 which is supposed to be an integer, 172 00:07:32.020 --> 00:07:33.820 and then does the same thing by executing 173 00:07:33.820 --> 00:07:38.820 select options in poll, passing in the poll ID argument. 174 00:07:38.990 --> 00:07:40.170 Alright, now that we've got this, 175 00:07:40.170 --> 00:07:42.290 we can go ahead and open a Python console 176 00:07:42.290 --> 00:07:43.910 and we're gonna test our database dot py 177 00:07:43.910 --> 00:07:45.170 to make sure it works. 178 00:07:45.170 --> 00:07:49.270 So the first thing to do is to do import database. 179 00:07:49.270 --> 00:07:50.890 And because this Python console 180 00:07:50.890 --> 00:07:54.120 is running in our current project, we can do that. 181 00:07:54.120 --> 00:07:58.820 We can do database dot get polls and run that. 182 00:07:58.820 --> 00:08:00.770 And you can see that we get back our polls. 183 00:08:00.770 --> 00:08:02.990 So at the moment, my data is a bit bare. 184 00:08:02.990 --> 00:08:05.950 We only have one poll, and three options and one vote, 185 00:08:05.950 --> 00:08:08.850 but it's gonna let us see how to do this. 186 00:08:08.850 --> 00:08:10.960 Alright, so we've got the data here. 187 00:08:10.960 --> 00:08:13.240 This is a good way to test things out, by the way. 188 00:08:13.240 --> 00:08:15.670 So now we can stop this interpreter, close that down 189 00:08:15.670 --> 00:08:18.233 and go ahead and create our app dot py. 190 00:08:21.540 --> 00:08:24.330 I'll start off app dot py with the prompt. 191 00:08:24.330 --> 00:08:26.840 Well, I'll import database and then create to prompt. 192 00:08:26.840 --> 00:08:29.650 We're gonna have a prompt for the menu, enter q to quit 193 00:08:29.650 --> 00:08:31.740 or anything else to chart a new poll. 194 00:08:31.740 --> 00:08:32.970 And then we'll also have one 195 00:08:32.970 --> 00:08:35.800 that asks them for the poll ID they want to chart. 196 00:08:35.800 --> 00:08:37.580 We're gonna have a user menu 197 00:08:37.580 --> 00:08:41.340 that simply runs through over and over until they enter q. 198 00:08:41.340 --> 00:08:43.410 They're gonna get the polls on the database, 199 00:08:43.410 --> 00:08:44.530 and we're gonna have a function 200 00:08:44.530 --> 00:08:47.573 that prompts them to select one of those polls. 201 00:08:48.580 --> 00:08:49.413 In this function, 202 00:08:49.413 --> 00:08:51.670 we're going to take in the polls from the database, 203 00:08:51.670 --> 00:08:53.510 and then we're going to iterate through them, 204 00:08:53.510 --> 00:08:56.920 printing out the ID and the poll title. 205 00:08:56.920 --> 00:08:58.010 And what we're gonna do then 206 00:08:58.010 --> 00:09:01.240 is ask them for the selected poll that they want to chart 207 00:09:01.240 --> 00:09:04.210 and we're going to call another function with that. 208 00:09:04.210 --> 00:09:06.200 So I'm going to do this. 209 00:09:06.200 --> 00:09:09.460 Selected poll is int of input of the poll prompt. 210 00:09:09.460 --> 00:09:12.950 And then we're gonna chart the options for the poll. 211 00:09:12.950 --> 00:09:14.870 That is gonna be another function 212 00:09:14.870 --> 00:09:18.170 that simply takes that, gets the options from the database, 213 00:09:18.170 --> 00:09:21.410 and now goes ahead and draws the pie chart here. 214 00:09:21.410 --> 00:09:23.450 So here we will draw the pie chart 215 00:09:23.450 --> 00:09:26.150 with the data from our database, which is as you know, 216 00:09:26.150 --> 00:09:29.220 the option text and the sum of the votes. 217 00:09:29.220 --> 00:09:30.710 But in order to draw the chart, 218 00:09:30.710 --> 00:09:32.290 I'm going to create another file 219 00:09:32.290 --> 00:09:34.780 that I'm gonna call charts dot py. 220 00:09:34.780 --> 00:09:36.990 The reason for that is because I want to decouple 221 00:09:36.990 --> 00:09:40.170 user interaction in app dot py to creating 222 00:09:40.170 --> 00:09:42.303 the charts in charts dot py. 223 00:09:43.290 --> 00:09:44.370 Here in charts dot py, 224 00:09:44.370 --> 00:09:46.370 we're gonna start off by importing matplotlib. 225 00:09:46.370 --> 00:09:50.540 So we'll do import matplotlib dot pie plot as plt. 226 00:09:50.540 --> 00:09:53.960 And then I'll define the create pie chart function. 227 00:09:53.960 --> 00:09:57.520 Which takes in the list of option titles and their votes. 228 00:09:57.520 --> 00:10:01.130 Here we create the figure plt dot figure. 229 00:10:01.130 --> 00:10:05.093 And we create the axes, which is figure dot add subplot, 230 00:10:06.790 --> 00:10:08.640 one, one, one. 231 00:10:08.640 --> 00:10:10.920 Whenever I'm creating, you know, proper functions, 232 00:10:10.920 --> 00:10:12.870 and I'm starting to develop a larger application 233 00:10:12.870 --> 00:10:15.320 and so forth, I like to be more explicit. 234 00:10:15.320 --> 00:10:17.370 So that's why I'm passing in one, one, one here, 235 00:10:17.370 --> 00:10:19.940 rather than leaving it as the default. 236 00:10:19.940 --> 00:10:22.100 But it's up to you, that is the default. 237 00:10:22.100 --> 00:10:23.800 Then we'll do axes dot pie. 238 00:10:23.800 --> 00:10:26.430 And what we wanna pass in here, is first of all, 239 00:10:26.430 --> 00:10:27.900 the list of value. 240 00:10:27.900 --> 00:10:32.900 So that is option one for option in options. 241 00:10:33.090 --> 00:10:35.720 And then we wanna pass in the labels, 242 00:10:35.720 --> 00:10:39.700 which are option zero for option in options. 243 00:10:39.700 --> 00:10:44.070 Remember that each option comes with the text as column zero 244 00:10:44.070 --> 00:10:46.810 and the sum of votes as column one. 245 00:10:46.810 --> 00:10:48.110 You should have put in a comma there. 246 00:10:48.110 --> 00:10:50.700 And finally, I'm gonna put an auto pct here 247 00:10:50.700 --> 00:10:54.140 of percent 1.1 f, percent, percent. 248 00:10:54.140 --> 00:10:57.130 And again, that is 1.1 f percent, 249 00:10:57.130 --> 00:11:00.120 which is the format string surrounded by percent signs. 250 00:11:00.120 --> 00:11:02.740 Then we're gonna do return figure. 251 00:11:02.740 --> 00:11:06.980 And I don't want to do figure dot show or plt dot show here, 252 00:11:06.980 --> 00:11:09.800 because again, I don't want this function to be responsible 253 00:11:09.800 --> 00:11:11.790 for displaying things to the user. 254 00:11:11.790 --> 00:11:14.163 I want that to be kept in app dot py. 255 00:11:15.160 --> 00:11:16.500 So now we can come here 256 00:11:16.500 --> 00:11:20.680 and say figure is equal to charts dot create pie 257 00:11:21.590 --> 00:11:23.010 chart with the options. 258 00:11:23.010 --> 00:11:26.293 I do have to import this, so I will do that. 259 00:11:28.170 --> 00:11:31.070 And then we can do plt dot show. 260 00:11:31.070 --> 00:11:33.740 And here we do need to import, 261 00:11:33.740 --> 00:11:36.743 matplotlib dot pie plot as plt. 262 00:11:37.610 --> 00:11:40.240 Note that here we are creating the pie chart 263 00:11:40.240 --> 00:11:41.790 and assigning it to a variable, 264 00:11:41.790 --> 00:11:46.090 but then we're calling plt dot show and not figure dot show. 265 00:11:46.090 --> 00:11:48.100 Again that is because if we call figure dot show 266 00:11:48.100 --> 00:11:50.200 that is not going to display a window. 267 00:11:50.200 --> 00:11:52.780 That is going to assume that we are displaying the figure 268 00:11:52.780 --> 00:11:55.710 in some other window already existing. 269 00:11:55.710 --> 00:11:57.350 So we have to call plt dot show 270 00:11:57.350 --> 00:12:01.190 and that is going to use the figure that was created here. 271 00:12:01.190 --> 00:12:04.280 So technically, we don't actually have to assign that 272 00:12:04.280 --> 00:12:07.120 to a variable if we don't want, but I think it's good form, 273 00:12:07.120 --> 00:12:09.910 and it will allow us to do some more configuration later on, 274 00:12:09.910 --> 00:12:12.260 or do things like save the figure to a file, 275 00:12:12.260 --> 00:12:15.570 if we wanted to do that instead, a bit more easily. 276 00:12:15.570 --> 00:12:17.570 Let me run this. 277 00:12:17.570 --> 00:12:20.713 And I'm gonna enter here, and I'm gonna select poll one. 278 00:12:21.670 --> 00:12:24.770 Oh, and we get an error here, the column is not correct. 279 00:12:24.770 --> 00:12:26.630 Let me go back to database dot py, 280 00:12:26.630 --> 00:12:28.580 and this should be called option text. 281 00:12:28.580 --> 00:12:30.300 And similarly down here. 282 00:12:30.300 --> 00:12:32.480 So let's run that again. 283 00:12:32.480 --> 00:12:35.240 We can enter option one here. 284 00:12:35.240 --> 00:12:37.650 And we've got ourselves another small error. 285 00:12:37.650 --> 00:12:40.730 Sum of votes should be sum of votes dot option ID, 286 00:12:40.730 --> 00:12:42.090 my apologies there. 287 00:12:42.090 --> 00:12:44.457 And now we've got it for sure. 288 00:12:44.457 --> 00:12:46.060 We can enter one there. 289 00:12:46.060 --> 00:12:48.030 And here we've got our figure. 290 00:12:48.030 --> 00:12:48.920 As you can see, 291 00:12:48.920 --> 00:12:51.380 at the moment we only have one vote in one of the options. 292 00:12:51.380 --> 00:12:53.320 So that's all that's coming back. 293 00:12:53.320 --> 00:12:54.380 But as we add more, 294 00:12:54.380 --> 00:12:56.833 we would get a better looking pie chart here. 295 00:12:57.710 --> 00:12:58.770 Later on in this section, 296 00:12:58.770 --> 00:13:01.040 we're going to learn how to save this to a file 297 00:13:01.040 --> 00:13:02.610 instead of simply displaying a window 298 00:13:02.610 --> 00:13:05.440 That is gonna make it a bit more useful, in case you want 299 00:13:05.440 --> 00:13:08.730 to produce the output for many different polls, for example. 300 00:13:08.730 --> 00:13:09.920 Or in case you want to allow 301 00:13:09.920 --> 00:13:12.470 the user to save the output somewhere. 302 00:13:12.470 --> 00:13:14.460 However, by showing this you can still save it 303 00:13:14.460 --> 00:13:16.770 just by clicking on this little Save icon there 304 00:13:16.770 --> 00:13:18.913 in the default figure viewer. 305 00:13:20.190 --> 00:13:21.900 Alright, that's everything for this video. 306 00:13:21.900 --> 00:13:23.020 Thank you guys for joining me. 307 00:13:23.020 --> 00:13:24.130 I hope you've learned something, 308 00:13:24.130 --> 00:13:25.833 and I'll see you in the next one.