WEBVTT 00:00.930 --> 00:01.800 Hi there. 00:01.830 --> 00:09.000 In this lecture, we see an amazing game between Anatoly Karpov and Viktor Korchnoi in the 1974 Karpov 00:09.000 --> 00:10.650 Korchnoi candidates final. 00:10.830 --> 00:16.170 So we have E4, which you might think is a tactical opening, but you can play it Positionally players 00:16.170 --> 00:24.930 like comp often Adams play E4 positionally and even though it's like what seems to be a ferocious tactical 00:24.930 --> 00:31.140 opening, in fact the dragon where we follow the main line dragon and both sides castle on opposite 00:31.140 --> 00:32.000 sides. 00:32.010 --> 00:33.780 So speed is of the essence. 00:33.780 --> 00:37.110 So where does positional play come into this? 00:37.590 --> 00:42.150 So you might think it's just 100% tactics, but let's have a look at what happened here. 00:42.300 --> 00:47.490 Age four This all looks like standard dragon opening theory for the moment. 00:47.520 --> 00:54.300 Bishop be free Knight e5 now Karpov Castle's queenside Knights C4. 00:54.420 --> 00:56.370 Bishop take C4 Rook take C4. 00:56.370 --> 00:58.350 So Black's standard play. 00:58.350 --> 01:01.740 Make sure that the F seven pawn isn't pinned. 01:01.980 --> 01:04.800 Now h five Knight takes h five, g four. 01:04.800 --> 01:07.950 So Knight F six like D two. 01:08.520 --> 01:10.320 Now here, Queen A five. 01:10.350 --> 01:13.690 Perhaps this is actually already an inaccuracy. 01:13.710 --> 01:16.560 Rook E eight might have been safer. 01:16.560 --> 01:18.210 So, for example, Bishop H six. 01:18.210 --> 01:21.270 Bishop H eight isn't even position. 01:23.100 --> 01:26.550 And here if E five. 01:26.700 --> 01:32.130 So this might have been one of the major concerns, this default pressure because there's a tactic here. 01:32.130 --> 01:38.280 If DD takes g five and black is losing a piece because of H five, Queen takes DD seven. 01:38.280 --> 01:45.810 But but in this position Black does actually have Knight takes G four and the position is not so clear 01:45.810 --> 01:46.470 here. 01:46.680 --> 01:53.700 After E takes Queen takes these six this way of playing it well it doesn't really want to open up the 01:53.700 --> 01:54.590 pieces here. 01:54.600 --> 02:01.470 So this way of playing it actually leads to a position where black might actually be absolute fine with 02:01.470 --> 02:02.910 the advantage, in fact. 02:03.270 --> 02:08.970 So there's a lot of pawns for the piece here, and actually black's better overall. 02:08.970 --> 02:14.880 So, you know, there are interesting situations where rookie aids is actually possible. 02:14.880 --> 02:18.000 This is actually possible for black to play this. 02:18.000 --> 02:21.450 So this should be even this E five is a bit dodgy, in fact. 02:24.090 --> 02:26.310 So anyway, Queen five was played. 02:26.310 --> 02:32.130 We have Bishop H six, Bishop takes H six, Queen 6h6, and now black poles on the C file. 02:32.130 --> 02:36.210 So there's a classic exchange sacrifice potentially. 02:36.210 --> 02:45.300 And it's at this point this is a key prophylactic kind of preventative move, maybe for the use of preventative 02:45.300 --> 02:49.710 rather than prophylaxis, which might remind you of something else in the real world. 02:49.710 --> 02:51.930 So but it's a prevention move here. 02:52.560 --> 02:59.490 Temp I'll call it tempo prophylaxis, because sometimes tactics again tempo against the king. 02:59.490 --> 03:04.470 If we expose our king subject to tempo gains, we can't ignore them. 03:05.610 --> 03:11.070 So what I mean by that checks like one of the most powerful tempo gainers. 03:12.150 --> 03:14.970 If you think about it, threats you can sometimes ignore. 03:14.970 --> 03:21.180 If it's to win a piece, you can sometimes have the option of ignoring the stronger France that makes 03:21.180 --> 03:21.840 him one. 03:21.980 --> 03:27.180 It's being checkmated so you know, less likely to ignore but captures you can sometimes not recapture. 03:27.180 --> 03:30.330 But if our king is exposed, we expose it to checks. 03:30.330 --> 03:39.630 And here, guess what Karpov played in terms of kind of longer term tempo prophylaxis to avoid the king 03:39.630 --> 03:40.770 becoming exposed. 03:40.770 --> 03:41.970 What would you play here? 03:45.530 --> 03:46.920 A key move is playing Rook RD free. 03:46.940 --> 03:47.720 It's very, very cute. 03:47.720 --> 03:48.650 Move indeed. 03:49.370 --> 03:53.260 I'll call it tempo prophylaxis and King safety prophylaxis as well. 03:53.270 --> 03:59.450 In general, if one went straight away with G five, this is not convincing. 03:59.780 --> 04:02.390 Rook cites h5g tanks. 04:02.840 --> 04:04.270 Queen takes H five in flat. 04:04.280 --> 04:09.440 Black is not obliged here to even use an exchange sac. 04:09.950 --> 04:15.170 Black actually has the resource Queen e five which is bearing down on C three, but also means Queen 04:15.170 --> 04:16.700 G seven to defend. 04:16.820 --> 04:22.880 So for example, this position is just going to be much better for Black whereas White's attack. 04:23.300 --> 04:25.520 So that would be a premature attack. 04:25.530 --> 04:32.990 And if we go back here and assume hold on four, then indeed we see the power of Rook takes C free. 04:33.920 --> 04:36.250 And this is dangerous for White's king. 04:36.260 --> 04:37.490 Super dangerous. 04:37.850 --> 04:39.110 What does White do here? 04:40.740 --> 04:43.170 This starts to look very, very slow. 04:43.320 --> 04:48.210 So we will be subject to a lot of unpleasant possibilities. 04:49.350 --> 04:53.370 If we take on sea free and if night takes again, it's very unpleasant. 04:53.370 --> 04:55.520 It's just nothing going on. 04:55.530 --> 05:01.110 After Queen E five, the Queen actually controls eight here and threatens mate. 05:01.350 --> 05:04.620 So this is just going to be bad for white. 05:05.550 --> 05:11.480 So, yes, this important, amazing move here, changing changes things considerably. 05:11.490 --> 05:18.960 Brooke De Fray, as another example, if rook h rey rook, take free and rook take C free. 05:19.320 --> 05:19.620 Yeah. 05:19.620 --> 05:24.180 Black can play the exchange sack here and then the tempo gains queen a one. 05:24.180 --> 05:25.860 Check this position. 05:25.860 --> 05:32.640 The king is just fundamentally exposed, which means there's no real time to break open the h file. 05:32.640 --> 05:35.400 This position is going to be homeless. 05:35.400 --> 05:35.970 Check. 05:35.970 --> 05:37.470 And there's just too many checks. 05:37.470 --> 05:41.040 And Black's got a lot of pawns from being down the exchange. 05:41.700 --> 05:47.940 So this position, for example, check and Queen five Black's just sitting on the position outside pawn 05:47.940 --> 05:48.420 here. 05:48.540 --> 05:50.100 White's attack is gone. 05:50.370 --> 05:51.810 It's an even position. 05:52.380 --> 05:58.620 So this is an amazing bit of prophylaxis in what you'd think is a wild tactical opposite side castling 05:58.620 --> 05:58.830 game. 05:58.830 --> 06:05.580 It's a big positional move being inserted here and it considerably slows down Black's counterplay. 06:06.900 --> 06:11.040 If Black's counterplay is not based on exposing the king, it's less effective. 06:11.160 --> 06:20.790 We have Rook going to see five forwards on the fifth rank, going to see five if B five, G five this 06:20.790 --> 06:25.340 position would fall is strong for white. 06:25.350 --> 06:27.990 So rook st C free rook tank C free. 06:27.990 --> 06:34.290 It doesn't really matter here because Knight takes h five and here it's very dangerous. 06:34.650 --> 06:40.200 So why is threatening a quick knock out with Queen STS 87 and Queen H eight? 06:40.200 --> 06:46.170 So this position again, Queen H eight being threatened, mating and with rook take to check. 06:46.200 --> 06:47.970 Yeah, this is just hopeless for black. 06:48.300 --> 06:51.300 By contrast, black is the exchange now for not much here. 06:53.340 --> 06:55.200 So anyway. 06:56.940 --> 07:03.330 So look, 45 was chosen, but now this might have been part of Karpov's home preparation in this position 07:03.330 --> 07:07.920 because it's absolutely clockwork tactics. 07:07.920 --> 07:09.960 It's G five rook tanks. 07:09.960 --> 07:15.270 G five If 9 to 5, then nine and four. 07:16.320 --> 07:19.380 And here nine takes F four is a knockout. 07:20.730 --> 07:25.590 So what does black actually do here often for. 07:27.150 --> 07:28.020 Yeah, it's. 07:28.470 --> 07:32.040 It's probably my take if. 07:34.310 --> 07:45.650 Well, if rook tanks G5 as example, Rook D5 gains a tempo, a very important tempo on the Queen and 07:45.650 --> 07:48.710 here Knight C takes the five. 07:49.070 --> 07:57.050 So one is threatening quite a few nasty things if A6 97 Schank and Knight take it as one example. 07:58.280 --> 08:01.790 If rook tanks, C free B tanks. 08:01.790 --> 08:07.460 This position 1995 rotates H5 one strike. 08:07.700 --> 08:09.260 White's attack is strong. 08:09.620 --> 08:14.030 White's one zero up and yes, it's safe for White's king here. 08:16.210 --> 08:24.880 So okay, we have actually rook tanks G5 but now Rook D5 gaining a key tempo. 08:26.020 --> 08:29.380 So yes, tactics now gaining a key tempo. 08:30.160 --> 08:32.580 So Rook takes this played. 08:32.590 --> 08:37.090 If Knight takes then player gets mated with queen Sage seven check and coinage eight. 08:37.330 --> 08:44.140 So rook takes d59 times D five rookie eight knights E to F four. 08:45.130 --> 08:46.720 And we have bishops, he sings. 08:47.440 --> 08:52.600 So the point here is if ace six, then Knight takes F six, check E takes. 08:52.600 --> 08:57.220 There's 95, which takes away an escape square of the king. 08:57.220 --> 09:01.240 So this will be mating again because the king won't have e seven. 09:01.240 --> 09:03.610 So for example, like this, mate. 09:03.730 --> 09:05.380 So Bishop C six. 09:06.190 --> 09:10.030 But now, yeah, this is in the realms of tactics now. 09:13.980 --> 09:19.410 And making sure the opponent's pieces are not. 09:20.490 --> 09:22.710 Getting involved in the fence. 09:22.710 --> 09:25.680 There's a really amazing move played in this position. 09:26.670 --> 09:33.240 There's a flaw in a tactical combination here which is addressed with E5, which makes the tactical 09:33.240 --> 09:34.590 combination work. 09:34.590 --> 09:42.790 So the tactical combination was actually if Knight takes off six, he takes off six and nine, take 09:42.840 --> 09:43.620 five at first. 09:43.620 --> 09:51.450 Seems crushing, but Black would have Queen G5 chunk hair and black would be fine. 09:51.600 --> 09:56.280 Cold shower move even though black might lose the exchange plants. 09:56.280 --> 09:57.310 Quite enough pawns here. 09:57.330 --> 10:01.710 After nine of six check, there's enough pawns to be getting on with. 10:03.490 --> 10:05.980 So if Rook takes keen tanks and if here. 10:05.980 --> 10:07.870 Yeah there's passport potential. 10:07.870 --> 10:16.510 So black should be equal at least but if five stops actually this Queen G5 so it's kind of prophylaxis 10:16.510 --> 10:19.930 here against the Queen G5 resource in that variation. 10:19.930 --> 10:22.510 So Bishop takes the five. 10:25.410 --> 10:31.050 Because if DD tanks, then nine tanks have six check and we can see how this works so much better. 10:31.140 --> 10:36.420 Here, here there's Rook G, One queen takes F six mating. 10:36.690 --> 10:40.440 So Bishop takes D five, and we have E takes up six. 10:40.680 --> 10:47.930 And it's very forced now because the Queen G seven meets, E takes F six, Queen takes H seven, check 10:47.940 --> 10:51.850 king of eight and off the Queen H Black has to resign. 10:51.870 --> 11:01.470 If King E seven, then White actually plays first night 65 check to move the queen away from E one. 11:02.890 --> 11:05.440 Because otherwise I wrote you on Queen's xe1. 11:05.440 --> 11:09.460 So move the Queen away from E one and I'm rookie one. 11:09.460 --> 11:11.860 Check is winning the rook. 11:11.950 --> 11:14.650 Unless Black wants to give up the queen and still be hopeless there. 11:14.860 --> 11:18.040 If that gives up the queen, the Queen six Just take the queen Prince. 11:18.040 --> 11:18.940 Very much so. 11:18.940 --> 11:20.170 It's a hopeless position. 11:20.830 --> 11:23.260 So yes, an interesting game. 11:23.260 --> 11:28.810 So you might think, wow, this is a positional course, but this looks like a tactical game. 11:28.810 --> 11:32.440 I was expecting these long positional grinds. 11:32.860 --> 11:34.480 But you know what? 11:34.480 --> 11:40.120 We can play our tactical openings and it could be the difference between success and failure. 11:40.120 --> 11:47.170 One prophylactic style move on prevention move in the midst of tactical operations can make all the 11:47.170 --> 11:47.830 difference. 11:47.830 --> 11:56.620 So this game kind of amplifies for me the notion of tempo prophylaxis because in opposite side castling 11:56.620 --> 12:01.570 games, tempo is very important for your attack to be faster than the opponent's. 12:01.660 --> 12:08.680 So if you play like one key tempo prophylaxis, move and slow down considerably the opponent's counter 12:08.680 --> 12:10.480 play, it can make all the difference. 12:10.750 --> 12:16.480 And you know, as a Kings engine attack player, I'm also aware over the years of certain moves which 12:16.480 --> 12:21.190 might slow down the opponent's attack kind of prophylaxis modes which you throw in before carrying on 12:21.190 --> 12:22.330 with your own attack. 12:22.330 --> 12:29.470 So prophylaxis moves in even, you know, positions which time is of the essence that they're going 12:29.470 --> 12:36.340 to help you win the battle because they're helping you win the battle of tempo and the race to the opponent's 12:36.340 --> 12:42.730 king without you getting mated yourself or your king getting exposed for perpetual checks, etc.. 12:42.970 --> 12:46.480 Okay, so hope that's clear about the prophylaxis. 12:46.480 --> 12:48.730 Stand out move in this game. 12:48.730 --> 12:53.170 The positional move is standing out for me, so we'll go back to having this move. 12:53.170 --> 12:57.010 19 Rook d free an iconic prophylaxis move. 12:57.310 --> 12:59.290 Okay, that's very much.