WEBVTT 00:01.160 --> 00:01.930 Hi there. 00:01.940 --> 00:07.040 In this lecture we see Gazza Kamsky playing against Anatoly Karpov in 1993, the Dortmund tournament, 00:07.040 --> 00:09.620 Round one E4 from Kamsky. 00:09.620 --> 00:11.120 We have a correction. 00:11.510 --> 00:27.280 D4 d5 d2 d tanks e4 e4 930 79g59gf6 bishop d fre e6912f3. 00:27.290 --> 00:34.680 And now we see Bishop D Singh's queen e286934. 00:34.700 --> 00:40.120 Knight takes E four, Queen takes F4 and now Knight F six, Queen H four. 00:40.130 --> 00:43.610 Now here Black has to tread carefully with King safety. 00:44.300 --> 00:51.160 So Karpov plays actually an iconic move in this position for 500 points. 00:51.170 --> 00:53.480 What would you play here and why? 00:55.680 --> 00:56.880 So blacks play. 01:01.600 --> 01:02.260 Okay. 01:04.190 --> 01:05.110 Couple, please. 01:05.150 --> 01:06.350 King E seven. 01:06.380 --> 01:07.580 It's one of two moves. 01:07.820 --> 01:09.590 Rook G is also possible. 01:11.150 --> 01:18.230 So, for example, 90 2g5 is possible for Bishop F eight. 01:18.470 --> 01:20.810 And this position Queen takes DD four. 01:20.840 --> 01:25.400 This should be equal, but so change is also plausible. 01:25.430 --> 01:28.220 If white castles, there'll be g five here. 01:29.510 --> 01:36.380 And this position is very interesting. 01:38.480 --> 01:46.700 Black could be in severe trouble here if one has to sack a knight, basically because if Queen takes 01:46.700 --> 01:49.010 H six, Bishop F eight. 01:49.010 --> 01:50.570 And the Queen's embarrassed. 01:50.870 --> 01:52.100 So g four here. 01:52.100 --> 01:53.180 Queen's embarrassed. 01:53.420 --> 01:55.850 So if one is the second knight. 01:55.880 --> 01:58.860 This is also, you know, it's going to be great for black. 01:58.880 --> 02:03.110 It's similar to what Karpov played, which is more stunning in the way it looked. 02:03.140 --> 02:06.040 King seven So not castling, but King E seven. 02:06.050 --> 02:08.060 So what is the problem with castling? 02:09.560 --> 02:13.220 Well, White has a very strong attacking move here. 02:13.670 --> 02:15.140 So this wouldn't be good. 02:15.140 --> 02:17.660 KING Safety management or KING Safety battle. 02:17.810 --> 02:18.830 Battle of relative. 02:18.830 --> 02:19.370 KING Safety. 02:19.370 --> 02:20.840 Because what does white play? 02:21.020 --> 02:21.950 Ten points. 02:22.730 --> 02:23.130 Yeah. 02:23.150 --> 02:24.320 Bishop takes H six. 02:24.320 --> 02:26.130 I enjoy playing this kind of move. 02:26.150 --> 02:31.040 In bullet chess, it usually wins for me, especially at the time controls. 02:31.040 --> 02:34.220 But here it's actually completely sound as well. 02:35.240 --> 02:40.060 White has the possibility of building up more and more pressure if Queen a five. 02:40.070 --> 02:45.710 Check this position with Queen H five White's going to just take on F six and this is going to be better 02:45.710 --> 02:46.460 for white. 02:46.850 --> 02:51.350 And if black doesn't oblige with a count of p sac, let's say Bishop e seven. 02:51.500 --> 02:53.600 Let's see the true horror night G five. 02:53.600 --> 03:00.410 Let's say Queen takes D four white castles, e five, rook ae1. 03:00.800 --> 03:05.280 And there's still an attack potential with the rock potentially coming in. 03:05.300 --> 03:07.170 How does black handle this? 03:07.190 --> 03:08.810 Let's say Bishop E six. 03:10.340 --> 03:11.150 Bishop H seven. 03:11.150 --> 03:13.010 Check nine times e six. 03:13.010 --> 03:14.190 This is just one example. 03:14.210 --> 03:15.440 Bishop F five check. 03:15.980 --> 03:17.240 And the rook left. 03:17.390 --> 03:17.840 Yeah. 03:17.840 --> 03:20.060 The king has been totally compromised here. 03:20.600 --> 03:24.240 If Rook have seven, this is going to lead to a crushing position. 03:24.260 --> 03:25.920 It's just absolutely crushing. 03:25.940 --> 03:31.340 If E takes, then Queen G six check and we've got a lawnmower mate pattern. 03:31.340 --> 03:36.230 So a lot of horrible things could have happened if Karpov had castled. 03:36.260 --> 03:42.220 So it's important not to routinely castle in chess as well as not to routinely auto recapture. 03:42.230 --> 03:45.170 We have to play the best move in a particular position. 03:45.170 --> 03:46.700 And it might be unusual looking. 03:46.700 --> 03:48.770 This is one of the two very best moves. 03:48.800 --> 03:55.690 So King E seven and now, in fact this is awkward for white. 03:55.700 --> 03:57.080 The queen is a tempo gainer. 03:57.080 --> 04:05.980 G five is fraternite if white just routinely Castle said G five And what is going on here? 04:05.990 --> 04:06.950 There's Queen H three. 04:06.950 --> 04:08.030 There's G four. 04:11.680 --> 04:14.020 That looks pretty unpleasant to lose material. 04:14.470 --> 04:18.400 And if Bishop takes G5 tanks, this isn't very sound. 04:18.430 --> 04:20.920 Black's got a ready made attack here. 04:21.310 --> 04:26.650 Let's say with tempo Rook H five, Bishop dd seven, and it's all over. 04:26.830 --> 04:28.270 This position is all over. 04:28.720 --> 04:31.780 Queen for 95, Queen G3. 04:32.230 --> 04:34.480 And Black's got a gigantic attack. 04:34.480 --> 04:35.770 Like mating attack. 04:36.490 --> 04:38.890 So, yeah, that's tricky. 04:38.890 --> 04:41.320 If white castles and if Bishop are for. 04:44.870 --> 04:46.910 Now here, this is interesting. 04:46.910 --> 04:54.650 If G five bishop takes D six check and nine takes g five is possible. 04:54.830 --> 05:00.200 So actually we'd play Bishop before check here and G five. 05:00.980 --> 05:05.930 And this is going to be advantageous for black, basically. 05:06.170 --> 05:08.030 Yeah, that's winning material. 05:08.990 --> 05:19.370 So anyway, 95 is a good move that was played by Kamsky to avoid problems and make it a kind of positional 05:19.370 --> 05:23.650 pawn sacrifice, attacking pawn sacrifice for White to his credit. 05:23.660 --> 05:28.640 So Karpov plays, Bishop, takes E five, D takes a now queen, a five check. 05:29.630 --> 05:34.250 Now here C four is played more in the spirit of things would have been Bishop D two. 05:34.490 --> 05:36.880 So this position with Queen takes E five. 05:36.890 --> 05:37.100 Check. 05:37.100 --> 05:38.720 Bishop E three, B six. 05:38.720 --> 05:41.840 Why can castle queenside with good attacking prospects? 05:41.840 --> 05:44.180 There's enough compensation, it seems. 05:45.400 --> 05:46.290 For the pawn. 05:46.300 --> 05:51.100 If Bishop be seven this position, there should be enough compensation for the --. 05:51.850 --> 05:53.530 So, for example, Rook 88. 05:53.560 --> 05:56.230 Here it should be about even black. 05:56.260 --> 05:57.830 Dare not take on G too. 05:57.850 --> 06:01.540 We can see an issue with Quincy's seven check but should be five. 06:01.540 --> 06:01.950 And that's. 06:01.960 --> 06:02.920 That's horrible. 06:03.100 --> 06:07.060 So anyway, see free though inaccuracy Queen Saint's e five check. 06:07.060 --> 06:13.300 Bishop e3b6 White Castles Queen signed G five, Queen A four. 06:13.300 --> 06:14.710 So it looks a little bit similar. 06:14.710 --> 06:17.620 Why it should have compensation here for the pawn. 06:17.890 --> 06:20.380 The king is technically in the center. 06:20.980 --> 06:30.310 We have C five rook H one Bishop D seven Queen eight free Rook HD eight G Free Quincy seven. 06:30.310 --> 06:35.530 Bishop D four Bishop E eight King B one. 06:35.530 --> 06:36.990 There's a slightly better move here. 06:37.000 --> 06:44.890 Bishop C two it seems, may be slightly better this position with C four and then Bishop E five should 06:44.890 --> 06:47.290 be about even this should be about even. 06:47.290 --> 06:49.660 But King D one was played. 06:49.690 --> 06:59.200 We have wrote d5f44 88 Bishop C two rook 52d6 Bishop takes F six check. 06:59.200 --> 07:06.700 So for the moment, getting the king, it seems a little bit out, but White's pieces are not able to 07:06.700 --> 07:08.320 exploit the King that easily. 07:08.320 --> 07:14.170 On six H tanks we have rook takes these six rook takes these 6c4. 07:15.190 --> 07:19.180 The king tucks away back on E seven queen E free f six. 07:19.570 --> 07:22.600 Now there is a problem for black in this position. 07:22.600 --> 07:28.690 Black's not really out of the woods here because White actually has a very dangerous past pawn asset 07:28.690 --> 07:31.180 now to h four to his credit. 07:31.180 --> 07:32.590 So G takes g takes. 07:32.590 --> 07:35.440 This is a very dangerous outside pass pawn. 07:35.920 --> 07:41.920 In this scenario we have Queen D seven, Queen H six, E five and it has to be mentioned. 07:41.920 --> 07:47.350 Komp of himself talks about his determination in willpower to try and defend difficult positions. 07:47.530 --> 07:49.750 And this is one of those difficult positions. 07:49.750 --> 07:49.960 Yeah. 07:49.960 --> 07:56.980 This outside passport H five we have Queen G four, Queen H seven check, King d8h6. 07:56.980 --> 07:58.360 The pawn is very dangerous. 07:58.450 --> 07:59.800 Very, very dangerous. 07:59.800 --> 08:02.620 Rook D two And that is one concern. 08:02.620 --> 08:07.570 That is one other downside about King in the center not being able to stop past pawns. 08:07.570 --> 08:10.030 But we've looked into, okay, this is interesting. 08:10.030 --> 08:11.860 We see Queen a five. 08:11.890 --> 08:17.500 This is a little bit of a let off cop off is in actually a very difficult situation here. 08:17.500 --> 08:22.000 Queen E four, it seems, leaves white with a big advantage. 08:22.000 --> 08:27.970 So for example, Queen St's Bishop takes Rock H to H seven. 08:28.480 --> 08:34.120 And here King See one KING If I be free. 08:35.710 --> 08:44.140 So this is just an example where we're going to get in a move like Rook G six and here, like Bishop 08:44.140 --> 08:46.870 takes her five is dangerous. 08:48.460 --> 08:53.440 So the reason is, well, it's tricky. 08:53.440 --> 08:59.470 You know, if King F seven doesn't move like Rook G eight, what does Black actually do here? 09:03.070 --> 09:04.450 Yeah, it's very tricky. 09:04.450 --> 09:05.380 Rook tanks 87. 09:05.380 --> 09:09.040 We're going to play rook tanks f six check and then win material. 09:09.730 --> 09:10.690 Let's put this on the board. 09:10.930 --> 09:11.380 For example. 09:11.380 --> 09:16.270 We're just going to take here and then as white, we're going to, we're going to take white side there. 09:16.270 --> 09:22.570 And if F5 Bishop takes to get this rookie, this shows that actually White's position was superior at 09:22.570 --> 09:24.730 this point because of the past pawn potential. 09:25.450 --> 09:32.920 So but Queen if I have a bit of a let off Queen's come off but even so, it's still dangerous. 09:32.920 --> 09:38.080 Bishop D7 Big mistake here by against Kamsky Big, big mistake. 09:39.220 --> 09:45.640 The Bishop's challenged and sometimes we try and react to the opponent's France, but sometimes we can 09:45.640 --> 09:47.050 make threats of our own. 09:47.380 --> 09:54.160 Instead we have to say no to auto kind of responding to France like we say no. 09:54.160 --> 10:01.120 Sometimes to auto recapturing, we have to examine all our options and this is one of those major opportunities 10:01.120 --> 10:01.780 missed. 10:02.170 --> 10:06.850 Instead of auto responding to a threat, can you see what White can play here? 10:06.850 --> 10:07.660 We have to say no. 10:07.660 --> 10:13.870 Sometimes this nowness, the longer the time control, the more you can investigate your options. 10:14.230 --> 10:19.630 So, you know, generally if you're playing bullet or three minute chess, it's harder to say no, but 10:19.630 --> 10:20.890 longer time controls. 10:20.890 --> 10:25.930 Look at the options more say no to the most obvious because we don't have to auto respond. 10:26.080 --> 10:29.260 Guess what White had in this position, which is really strong. 10:32.870 --> 10:33.250 Yeah. 10:33.260 --> 10:34.410 Why, Mr. King? 10:34.430 --> 10:35.030 See one? 10:35.990 --> 10:43.670 The thing is, if this totally backfires, this Bishop on D seven, we can actually pin it as one with 10:43.670 --> 10:44.600 big advantage. 10:44.630 --> 10:48.920 Yeah, and if D four, then Bishop e four. 10:48.920 --> 10:53.030 And this part spawns super dangerous, that locks the rook in place. 10:53.030 --> 10:55.430 So that H seven is major threat. 10:55.460 --> 11:00.670 So this position rook differentiate King Z free that has to do something about the passport. 11:00.680 --> 11:06.500 H seven is coming and if black has to sacrifice the exchange, there's also rook H for here. 11:06.500 --> 11:08.470 For h seven it's absolutely willing for Y. 11:08.480 --> 11:11.720 So there's a bit of luck here in this game. 11:12.110 --> 11:16.070 To be objectively fair to both players, there was a bit of luck. 11:16.340 --> 11:17.600 So Bishop G. 11:17.600 --> 11:20.870 Six is actually a mistake. 11:20.990 --> 11:25.370 And now the territorial get behind the opponents pass pawns is activated. 11:25.790 --> 11:25.970 See? 11:25.970 --> 11:31.460 But Tara said, you know, you either get behind the opponent's pawns of your own past pawn in end games. 11:31.460 --> 11:33.440 Generally this really helps. 11:33.680 --> 11:39.920 And now that past pawns under surveillance, at least if not under lock and key, as nimzowitsch would 11:39.920 --> 11:43.820 say, pass pawns of criminals to be kept under lock and key act. 11:44.030 --> 11:46.760 Violence is not enough if you read my system. 11:46.760 --> 11:47.420 But here. 11:47.420 --> 11:49.400 Yeah, there's active surveillance on the passport. 11:49.400 --> 11:51.780 Bishop D Free Bishop E six. 11:51.800 --> 11:55.350 So Nimzowitsch is my system is is a great book about possession. 11:55.370 --> 12:03.080 It's got a lot of positional ideas, prophylaxis, very deep positional ideas, which was an influence 12:03.080 --> 12:05.960 on Tigran Petrosian and Petrosian was an influence on Karpov. 12:05.960 --> 12:10.610 So Nimzowitsch has a lot to be responsible for in terms of influence. 12:10.610 --> 12:17.300 So anyway, Bishop e6 here was played f might even be slightly more accurate. 12:18.470 --> 12:22.970 So for example, Rook takes E5 checking of this position. 12:23.270 --> 12:31.060 Black's got this past pawn extra pass pawn should be with advantage but Bishop e six rookie 1f5 now 12:31.070 --> 12:34.130 wrote g seven check King of six Rook takes a seven. 12:34.130 --> 12:37.820 But now the thing is, Karpov has two connected pass pawns. 12:38.840 --> 12:41.870 So Bishop e2 these look very, very strong. 12:41.870 --> 12:49.040 Now this looks to be a total disaster for white three Bishop D one Bishop F five. 12:49.190 --> 12:50.270 King C one. 12:50.270 --> 12:52.280 That past pawn is eliminated. 12:52.280 --> 12:53.780 Could have been a different story. 12:53.780 --> 12:54.920 That's the thing about chess. 12:54.920 --> 12:55.970 The beautiful thing. 12:56.630 --> 12:58.040 You know, there are there are options. 12:58.040 --> 13:03.380 There are junction points of games where we do something automatically like an auto recapture, an auto 13:03.380 --> 13:07.150 response to a threat, and we can look back with regret. 13:07.160 --> 13:08.900 There were better versions of events. 13:08.900 --> 13:13.250 These events didn't need to happen like this, but this is just a nightmare for white. 13:13.550 --> 13:17.930 So Rook takes a two with the two pass pawns is easily winning now. 13:18.380 --> 13:23.660 Kamsky resigned if King b1 rook h to rook B seven bishop and five. 13:23.660 --> 13:26.720 You know it's going to make progress with the past pawn soon. 13:26.720 --> 13:27.830 It's hopeless. 13:29.000 --> 13:30.560 So yeah, an interesting game. 13:30.560 --> 13:31.800 But the key moments. 13:31.800 --> 13:32.030 Okay. 13:32.120 --> 13:33.710 The game has some flaws in it. 13:33.710 --> 13:38.870 It has some instructive moments later, but I wanted to draw attention to this dangerous situation. 13:38.870 --> 13:44.390 If we do play the car icon in this old style formation, sometimes we just can't. 13:44.390 --> 13:47.390 Castle You think you can rely on castling for king safety? 13:47.390 --> 13:51.440 Now we have to objectively not Auto Castle as well. 13:51.470 --> 13:58.760 There's a lot of auto moves in chess, auto castling, auto recapturing, auto responding. 13:59.270 --> 14:01.760 We've got to look at our options at each point. 14:02.750 --> 14:05.210 And yeah, this is a very, very important option. 14:05.210 --> 14:06.200 King E seven here. 14:06.410 --> 14:09.500 So it's the king safety battle. 14:10.340 --> 14:12.800 You know, some some of these battles will win the war. 14:12.800 --> 14:13.430 And often. 14:13.430 --> 14:15.050 KING Safety is linked to winning the war. 14:15.050 --> 14:16.220 You know, pawn structure wars. 14:16.220 --> 14:19.610 Sometimes they win the war in their own right, peace, activity, wars. 14:19.610 --> 14:21.620 Sometimes they indirectly win the war. 14:21.620 --> 14:23.390 I mean, checkmate ends the game. 14:23.390 --> 14:29.990 So all of these element management battles, you could call them, you know, KING Safety management 14:29.990 --> 14:32.510 or the king safety battle between both players. 14:32.510 --> 14:39.440 So this is interesting that Karpov puts up a strong battle on this front, the King safety aspects with 14:39.440 --> 14:42.260 this iconic King E seven move. 14:42.260 --> 14:48.290 And it also generates key threats that Queen is subject to tempo gain, brilliant move in the circumstance 14:48.800 --> 14:49.560 as well as Rook G. 14:49.760 --> 14:50.990 That's also a great move as well. 14:50.990 --> 14:52.880 But King E seventh great move. 14:53.420 --> 14:58.550 Something to bear in mind not to be on autopilot for auto castling. 14:58.940 --> 15:01.550 King Safety is our ultimate responsibility. 15:01.550 --> 15:07.940 We can't delegate our own king safety to the act of auto castling and say, well, castling implies 15:07.940 --> 15:08.690 king safety. 15:08.690 --> 15:16.460 Not always, not not when there's a bishop pointing E6 which can sacrifice itself and some opportunities 15:16.580 --> 15:20.360 points if black had castled ock or just. 15:20.360 --> 15:22.640 Yeah, it will be very, very difficult. 15:22.640 --> 15:25.520 Just immediately Bishop takes h six so. 15:27.880 --> 15:29.380 Okay, So just bear in mind. 15:29.380 --> 15:30.930 KING Safety is our responsibility. 15:30.940 --> 15:32.930 Everything in chess is our responsibility. 15:32.950 --> 15:36.130 We shouldn't delegate to auto moves. 15:36.130 --> 15:37.230 Autopilot moves. 15:37.240 --> 15:38.920 We need to take control. 15:39.700 --> 15:40.210 Okay. 15:40.580 --> 15:41.200 So much.