WEBVTT 00:01.250 --> 00:02.210 Hi there. 00:02.240 --> 00:05.730 In this lecture, we see Anatoly Karpov playing against Wolfgang Ullman. 00:05.780 --> 00:08.390 In this game, we see a celebration of an open file. 00:08.390 --> 00:13.220 So the general advice, generally speaking, belong on open files. 00:13.220 --> 00:17.630 One of the reasons for this is that often works. 00:17.630 --> 00:24.080 Say, on open files, they can infiltrate to the seventh Frank, and often the king resides on the eighth. 00:24.110 --> 00:26.510 Still, statistically, there's a lot of pawns to win. 00:26.780 --> 00:28.130 There's a lot of juicy targets. 00:28.130 --> 00:34.370 So it's a good idea in general to try and leverage a file to get onto a rank. 00:34.370 --> 00:38.150 So we see in this game E, four, E, six, four, D five. 00:38.150 --> 00:39.740 So bear that theme in mind. 00:40.550 --> 00:45.740 So that's often the fruit of getting rooks on file so nightly to the variation. 00:45.740 --> 00:47.870 c5e takes, E takes. 00:47.870 --> 00:50.360 Let's skip a little bit the opening phase. 00:50.360 --> 00:54.080 So this is the transformation against the French. 00:54.080 --> 00:59.300 So black has the isolated Queen's pawn generally, this gives black a little bit of activity. 00:59.600 --> 01:00.620 We have Bishop G. 01:00.620 --> 01:03.440 Five Black Castles, Bishop H four. 01:03.470 --> 01:08.030 This is a standard maneuver generally aiming to exchange off the dark square. 01:08.030 --> 01:12.230 Bishops Bishop G for Bishop E two. 01:12.290 --> 01:21.440 Bishop H five Rookie one Queen b69 FD for Bishop G six and they'll C free Rook for eight and now Bishop 01:21.440 --> 01:22.100 F one. 01:23.330 --> 01:25.520 Bishop e for Bishop G three. 01:25.520 --> 01:28.940 So we've got a nice middle game position here. 01:28.970 --> 01:33.770 The Strategic Bishop Exchange tries to reduce the opponent's counterplay against the King. 01:33.770 --> 01:35.930 The king looks pretty safe here. 01:35.930 --> 01:40.220 We see a five and now a49 takes DD four. 01:40.220 --> 01:42.710 And we do need some calculation here. 01:42.890 --> 01:44.780 We don't want to play a routine move. 01:44.780 --> 01:50.690 So what would you play in this position to maintain positional advantage for ten points. 01:53.120 --> 01:55.400 So remove 29 takes the four. 01:55.400 --> 01:56.870 So a tactical point. 01:58.910 --> 01:59.270 Is. 01:59.270 --> 02:03.350 I mean, we want to keep a blockade on D five. 02:03.620 --> 02:04.250 Yeah. 02:04.280 --> 02:08.000 If we take with the Queen, we're going to lose the knight and replace C takes. 02:08.000 --> 02:09.680 We're going to lose our blockade. 02:09.680 --> 02:12.230 So this is important to work out. 02:12.560 --> 02:16.190 So if Queen takes B to the point is, what's the point here? 02:16.190 --> 02:17.720 If Black takes on B two? 02:18.680 --> 02:22.100 Yeah, we actually just trap the Queen like B five. 02:22.520 --> 02:28.160 So we've got a rook e to France and we've also got a 97 threat. 02:28.160 --> 02:33.110 So even if Queen seats two, we have queen size Bishop takes, we're winning the exchange. 02:33.110 --> 02:34.220 We've got a winning position. 02:34.220 --> 02:35.450 They're winning the exchange. 02:35.750 --> 02:36.650 That's great. 02:36.650 --> 02:37.340 Good news. 02:37.340 --> 02:38.480 We can win from there. 02:39.890 --> 02:43.580 And if you know Rook, let's look at rookie two. 02:43.580 --> 02:45.410 That really does win the Queen. 02:46.230 --> 02:48.020 The queen will have to give herself up. 02:48.020 --> 02:49.730 So important point there. 02:50.060 --> 02:58.040 So C six was played, but White has this good outpost for the bishop and Karpov first shows that because 02:58.040 --> 03:04.190 of the outpost bishop, it's actually a little bit more secure than this guy and it's poking into the 03:04.190 --> 03:04.700 black position. 03:04.700 --> 03:05.030 At E! 03:05.030 --> 03:09.380 Eight we have Rook 88 and now G for which the Prime is the bishop. 03:09.380 --> 03:17.630 Bishop at five, sometimes if three sorry, instead of G four free Bishop F five as example. 03:17.870 --> 03:26.810 And this is not as good as the game, it's just about even with G four, we want the bishop to be pushed 03:26.810 --> 03:27.590 back. 03:28.390 --> 03:32.910 A little bit further and to be a potential victim potentially with four and five. 03:32.920 --> 03:37.350 So this is a prelude to try and victimize the bishop on E four. 03:37.360 --> 03:46.450 We have 964 and Karpov doesn't mind here going into this situation where we haven't got the blockade 03:46.450 --> 03:53.770 on D five anymore, we've got a slightly better bishop and we've got access to this seven. 03:53.780 --> 04:00.310 Frank Potentially we see Rook, AC eight and our Free Bishop G six and our rookie seven. 04:00.880 --> 04:02.530 So this is an interesting moment. 04:02.530 --> 04:05.440 We have B six, very interesting moments. 04:05.470 --> 04:08.960 Now if you put this through modern engines, Koppel doesn't play the top engine movie. 04:08.960 --> 04:12.070 He plays like the second best move. 04:12.070 --> 04:14.860 But the second best move is preventative move. 04:14.860 --> 04:21.910 And from a human point of view, if we're a positional player, quite often we want to play moves that 04:21.910 --> 04:27.730 are very crystal clear, easy to calculate, kind of simpler in nature because they're preventative. 04:27.730 --> 04:32.260 So we want to accumulate advantages, but using prevention all along the way. 04:32.260 --> 04:36.400 So it's like a non controversial accumulation of advantages. 04:36.400 --> 04:41.350 You want games where you look at it with an engine after, okay, you might have not chosen the steepest 04:41.350 --> 04:43.630 gradients playing the accurate move all the time. 04:43.630 --> 04:50.620 Most accurate, but you choose a gradient which is small, incremental, but sure, going up that mountain 04:50.620 --> 04:51.670 to win the game. 04:51.760 --> 04:55.720 And here, what is the move that you will play, which is simple and effective? 04:55.720 --> 05:01.570 And what is the more technical move which might you know, you need to calculate a lot more and human 05:01.570 --> 05:03.010 calculation is fallible. 05:03.010 --> 05:09.250 So when we use prevention, we're trying to compensate for the fallibility of our calculations. 05:09.250 --> 05:15.610 So the famous Karpov Karpov quote about microscopic advances, if he had a choice between something 05:15.910 --> 05:21.780 potentially unclear, but a bigger advantage or something much clearer but small advice, he chooses 05:21.790 --> 05:23.200 a small advantage any time. 05:23.200 --> 05:24.940 And here it's rook a one. 05:24.940 --> 05:33.700 It's preventing any counterplay with rook two That rook is stuck at C eight Now we could play rook B 05:33.700 --> 05:36.010 seven and yes, there's a finesse here. 05:37.180 --> 05:38.110 This position. 05:38.110 --> 05:44.080 We can secure the CFO so this position we can secure the C file with advantage. 05:44.080 --> 05:45.760 That's another way of playing it. 05:45.760 --> 05:48.580 But we need to factor in Roxy too. 05:49.960 --> 05:55.660 And sure, if we can calculate like a computer, we end up with this position where there's a trade 05:55.660 --> 06:02.980 of pawns like this and we have Bishop C six and it turns out in this particular position are past a 06:02.980 --> 06:05.950 pawn is pretty effective. 06:05.950 --> 06:06.190 Why? 06:06.190 --> 06:07.990 It's definitely getting a bigger advantage here. 06:07.990 --> 06:11.050 There's a tactic like Rook takes D five if needed. 06:11.050 --> 06:13.540 If black plays Rook two, we've got Rook takes the five. 06:13.540 --> 06:15.850 But who can calculate like this? 06:16.420 --> 06:23.680 So Karpov's treatment is a more simple preventative move, saying that, look, if you play Rook C two, 06:23.680 --> 06:24.870 I'm just going to make you. 06:24.880 --> 06:29.580 So the rooks basically pinned down to that to the back row. 06:29.590 --> 06:35.680 So H six is played to give the king air and we have now rugby seven in this position. 06:35.860 --> 06:43.300 Rook D six if rook C two here, the difference is we can double rooks now and this position we can break 06:43.300 --> 06:45.250 through with our outpost. 06:45.250 --> 06:47.890 Bishop Guess what we play here for ten points. 06:49.810 --> 06:51.070 We can actually play a beauty. 06:51.110 --> 06:57.070 Remove Bishop eight and this is going to cause problems. 06:57.070 --> 06:58.630 And you might think, Well, hold on. 06:58.750 --> 06:59.500 What do we play here? 06:59.530 --> 07:06.370 We can play for now, trying to rip through that seven Frank by nudging away the bishop and this position 07:06.370 --> 07:07.900 we ripped through. 07:08.260 --> 07:09.970 And we've got a great position here. 07:09.970 --> 07:12.370 We're going to tear apart the king. 07:12.370 --> 07:16.150 And you might think, Well, hold on, we've got trouble at home here. 07:16.150 --> 07:22.410 Then we we get rid of that counterplay with Rook GCC seven with big advantage. 07:22.420 --> 07:26.170 So basically, yeah, Rook C2 doesn't really work. 07:26.170 --> 07:27.880 So we have rook D six. 07:28.060 --> 07:29.150 Rook e seven. 07:29.170 --> 07:30.190 H five. 07:31.000 --> 07:32.440 If rook have six here. 07:33.130 --> 07:33.790 King H two. 07:33.820 --> 07:34.720 King H seven. 07:34.960 --> 07:42.010 King G Free Roxy to the thing is rookie to in this position and white's getting a big advantage here. 07:42.430 --> 07:45.550 So Bishop b5g6, rook C seven. 07:45.550 --> 07:46.960 This should be one King of two. 07:46.990 --> 07:48.130 One is a big advantage. 07:48.130 --> 07:57.100 There if rooks c two rookie H king h seven and we can try and checkmate so let's say check and then 07:57.100 --> 08:00.460 some air for the king on G six we have rook f eight. 08:00.640 --> 08:03.010 This is a very accurate treatment. 08:03.010 --> 08:11.980 And the idea here is basically we can go for the d five pawn at the very least in this situation. 08:11.980 --> 08:20.680 So here Bishop eight Bishop takes F seven is quite vicious as well for Rook eight mating, there are 08:20.680 --> 08:22.240 a lot of vicious opportunities. 08:22.240 --> 08:24.640 So h five is tried. 08:24.730 --> 08:27.310 We have comp of and doubling as pawns. 08:27.310 --> 08:34.380 That's g for Bishop G six and F four trying to nudge the bishop away from f seven if Bishop e eight 08:34.390 --> 08:36.520 that's not quite effective here. 08:36.520 --> 08:44.950 There's rook F six and an F4 is disabled as well because of that rook f6 so F4 first and now rook C 08:44.950 --> 08:49.540 one checking F two rook C two checking E free Bishop e four. 08:50.920 --> 08:54.550 If rook have six, we simply play F five and then we're going to mate. 08:54.670 --> 09:02.020 So Bishop E four we have rook takes of seven, g6g5, seven rook fee seven. 09:02.890 --> 09:04.060 So this is interesting. 09:04.060 --> 09:09.490 If Ruby eight that's also it's an interesting position here. 09:10.870 --> 09:15.130 If Rookie six you know, this is generally a big advantage. 09:16.860 --> 09:18.390 For whites here. 09:18.390 --> 09:26.700 We've got a vicious possibility of playing Rook hate Shaq and Bishop Shaq. 09:29.410 --> 09:31.060 And what happens now? 09:31.060 --> 09:32.980 We're going to pin that rock. 09:33.550 --> 09:34.540 Thanks very much. 09:37.120 --> 09:44.170 So yes, it's great position for white and if Rook eats. 09:46.300 --> 09:52.630 This is also another way of playing it for five, trying to get a mating net around the king, taking 09:52.630 --> 09:53.710 out the G six square. 09:53.710 --> 09:55.270 So check king of four. 09:55.360 --> 09:59.920 And this position, Black's going to have to either give up the bishop or be mated. 09:59.920 --> 10:01.480 Black has to give up the bishop. 10:01.480 --> 10:05.470 So that's another way of using the eight franks and trying to make the king. 10:05.470 --> 10:11.200 So yes, work f seven though, was played, which is simple and strong. 10:11.200 --> 10:18.130 We have rook takes Beta and the point is Bishop eat here we have rook be free check king too. 10:18.970 --> 10:25.660 If instead of rook be free check that was rook dd six then yeah, we use that seven Frank crash through 10:25.690 --> 10:27.820 this position when threatening, mate. 10:27.820 --> 10:31.540 It's pretty large advantage for whites, so. 10:31.540 --> 10:32.770 Okay Rook, be free. 10:32.770 --> 10:41.290 Check king e2 Rook b2 checking e one rook d6 If rook be one check, then the checks are going to run 10:41.290 --> 10:42.940 out here. 10:43.450 --> 10:47.010 And once they do, we're going to just take on G six. 10:47.110 --> 10:47.860 Thanks very much. 10:47.860 --> 10:55.150 So rook DD six rook tanks G seven checking H8 Rook G seven and Black actually resigned here at move 10:55.150 --> 11:00.370 42 if Bishop f5 we play Bishop D seven. 11:02.440 --> 11:08.740 So basically with Bishop dd seven we're threatening to checkmate. 11:10.090 --> 11:10.580 What is black? 11:10.600 --> 11:13.960 Do the checks run out here? 11:14.350 --> 11:18.820 So for example, this position Bishop takes and then we can win the exchange. 11:18.820 --> 11:22.510 But otherwise we're playing rugby eight mating. 11:22.510 --> 11:25.540 So it's not very good options. 11:26.290 --> 11:31.120 Or if Bishop eight seven we've got all sorts of things that we can take there and then take here. 11:31.300 --> 11:32.890 So that's not helping either. 11:32.890 --> 11:37.690 So yes, the game ended at Rook G seven, so a neat game. 11:37.690 --> 11:41.680 Control counterplay showing the importance of the files. 11:41.680 --> 11:48.310 The files are a start point to get the fruits of rooks on the seventh Nimzowitsch was a huge fan of 11:48.310 --> 11:53.230 getting rooks on the seventh, so we treat files as a method to get rooks on the seventh. 11:53.230 --> 11:54.470 They have to start somewhere. 11:54.490 --> 11:59.050 Our Rooks, they start on the open files and it was enough here. 11:59.050 --> 12:05.350 It's funny that the isolated Queen's pawn transformation into a different, more exploitable advantage. 12:05.620 --> 12:10.600 It's more exploitable because we've got a relevant outpost for controlling eights, which is a file 12:10.600 --> 12:12.010 we want to break into. 12:12.010 --> 12:16.600 And it was also useful tactically, as we see in many examples for Bishop E8. 12:16.600 --> 12:22.300 So yes, a very instructive example of well, why get our rooks to open files? 12:22.300 --> 12:24.070 It sounds like simple advice. 12:24.070 --> 12:26.320 Of course it depends on the situation. 12:26.320 --> 12:29.290 Some situations it might not work. 12:29.290 --> 12:34.270 You know, it depends on precise calculation of the positions quite often, but in general we get the 12:34.270 --> 12:41.410 idea that our rooks, if they go on open files, they have opportunities for juicy targets on the seventh 12:41.410 --> 12:42.820 Frank like this game. 12:42.820 --> 12:44.260 So I hope you enjoyed this game. 12:44.260 --> 12:47.350 Found it simple and effective Chess Okay. 12:47.350 --> 12:48.850 And basically that's what we want to do. 12:48.850 --> 12:54.970 We want to accumulate advantages non controversially and often it's a heavy use of prevention all the 12:54.970 --> 12:55.480 time. 12:55.480 --> 13:01.300 And prevention actually needs us to be sometimes very good tactically to see the possibilities of the 13:01.300 --> 13:03.670 opponents so we can know what to prevent. 13:03.670 --> 13:08.800 So we're using prevention all along the way to accumulate advantages and we get simple looking games 13:08.800 --> 13:09.580 like this. 13:09.940 --> 13:12.100 Okay, So much.