WEBVTT 00:00.810 --> 00:01.580 Hi there. 00:01.590 --> 00:04.080 In this lecture, we see an epic endgame. 00:04.080 --> 00:10.560 This is Anatoly Karpov against Garry Kasparov in the 1994 World Championship match, Round nine. 00:11.490 --> 00:17.700 So D4 from Karpov we have D five from Kasparov C four, e693c5. 00:17.700 --> 00:21.840 So the Tarrasch variation C takes d5e to 65. 00:21.870 --> 00:25.820 Later, Kasparov was to switch from the trash to the Grunfeld. 00:25.830 --> 00:32.460 He wasn't doing too well against Karpov with this particular opening, which seemed to suit Karpov styles. 00:32.460 --> 00:38.610 So nine f6 Bishop G2, Bishop e seven both sides Castle C 390 C six. 00:39.120 --> 00:43.190 Bishop g5c takes D four Knight takes D for H six. 00:43.200 --> 00:46.560 The emphasis in this lecture is actually to get to the endgame. 00:46.560 --> 00:52.770 Very interesting endgame scenario so there won't be too much analysis getting there, any light analysis. 00:52.770 --> 00:54.990 So this is all pretty standard stuff. 00:55.470 --> 01:02.970 We have Queen Bee, Free Knight a five, Queen C two, Bishop G four, now 9 to 5. 01:03.150 --> 01:05.160 Rook Bishop D4. 01:05.910 --> 01:10.440 So yes, blockade is kept on the isolated Queen's pawn IQ. 01:10.440 --> 01:17.640 P We have Bishop C five and Karpov doesn't mind trading off the dark square bishops there and ie3 We 01:17.640 --> 01:20.310 have Bishop E six point of note here. 01:20.550 --> 01:22.440 One point of note default. 01:22.440 --> 01:26.210 We can play Rook 81 This is more precise than rook FD one What? 01:26.250 --> 01:27.630 A little bit more precise. 01:27.630 --> 01:31.490 This position we can take on G four and 94. 01:31.500 --> 01:38.760 We're going to be about even actually with both variations if they played accurately if Rook fd one 01:38.760 --> 01:49.050 instead 96 Bishop 2c6 might be actually important here and then to take on g4e3 But the thing is black 01:49.050 --> 01:50.200 has sufficient play here. 01:50.220 --> 01:52.830 After 95 the light squares have been compromised. 01:52.830 --> 01:59.820 E takes d4 knight a free check King G to Queen D seven, let's say D five Black has the resource 94 01:59.820 --> 02:02.970 check which guarantees a draw by perpetual. 02:02.970 --> 02:12.180 So if King G one of free check this position, black can carry on and it's going to be about even if 02:12.180 --> 02:15.510 white does to take on H four, that's Queen G for check. 02:15.510 --> 02:18.300 And we can see some of the dynamics of that position. 02:18.300 --> 02:24.450 Rookie two is going to be very, very dangerous. 02:26.550 --> 02:33.300 So the point of rookie two is to make sure that E two is blocked here. 02:33.720 --> 02:41.850 So rookie two if Queen takes E to the point would be rook G six check and Queen H one chap mating. 02:41.970 --> 02:46.950 So in other words, white has to give up the queen and black's better there So it's fascinating variations 02:46.950 --> 02:47.790 basically. 02:48.090 --> 02:57.710 But yeah default wasn't played so Bishop e6 so swiftly moving on Rook 81 Queen eight Queen a four rook 02:57.720 --> 03:05.070 ed8 rook levering a6 rook d 194 So a pair of knights come off. 03:05.730 --> 03:09.570 We have Queen A five rook C five, queen B six royalty seven. 03:10.260 --> 03:11.010 Here. 03:11.010 --> 03:17.370 You might think if Rook C six well, the queen could drop back and yeah, default is not really a problem 03:17.370 --> 03:20.370 with the two rooks doubled against the day Rook. 03:20.370 --> 03:26.010 So this position e four can be played here by white with 95 with a small edge. 03:26.010 --> 03:26.420 Fine. 03:26.430 --> 03:33.030 So Rook D seven was preferred for Queen seven Queen's come off. 03:33.030 --> 03:35.790 So we're heading towards that end game epic endgame. 03:35.880 --> 03:38.550 So h three white can't really take on Devine. 03:38.550 --> 03:44.460 This wouldn't be a way of exploiting IQ because black has sufficient activity here in the rook and poor 03:44.460 --> 03:45.180 landing. 03:45.510 --> 03:49.230 So for example, rook dd rook d six. 03:51.490 --> 04:00.190 And if rook takes to a four rotates e2 rook d seven this position is going to be about even. 04:01.960 --> 04:07.390 So H3 was played h five So is there anything for white to try and win this a free? 04:07.780 --> 04:14.560 You'll note that already comp off is looking deep into endgames, putting pawns on dark squares away 04:14.560 --> 04:15.210 from the light square. 04:15.220 --> 04:21.700 Bishop That is one piece which we can base strategy on if the pawns are on the other side of the road, 04:21.700 --> 04:24.490 so to speak, that's going to be safer for them. 04:24.970 --> 04:26.230 So G six. 04:26.830 --> 04:28.840 E three by other side of the road. 04:28.840 --> 04:32.580 I mean, on the dark square side of the road and the light squares side of the road. 04:32.590 --> 04:35.470 So another pawn on a dark square here. 04:35.770 --> 04:38.890 So, yeah, putting pawns away from the bishop. 04:39.280 --> 04:40.510 King G seven. 04:40.750 --> 04:42.880 King H two Rook C four. 04:42.910 --> 04:45.460 Bishop f3 B five. 04:45.580 --> 04:49.630 King G2 Rook C five pair of rooks. 04:49.630 --> 04:51.660 Come off, Rook, take C4. 04:51.670 --> 04:54.160 So here's a junction point worth exploring. 04:54.160 --> 04:56.530 If D take C4, there's rook dd six. 04:56.530 --> 04:57.700 That's the problem here. 04:57.940 --> 05:01.150 And yeah, black's in big trouble there. 05:01.360 --> 05:03.850 If black's going to lose a key pawn like that. 05:03.850 --> 05:09.610 And if B takes C4 rook default this position white can play G4. 05:09.610 --> 05:14.560 Actually, the rook supports G4 to try and undermine D5 if G5 ever comes up. 05:14.560 --> 05:17.650 If black has to play G5 here, White's getting a small edge. 05:17.650 --> 05:19.630 There are some prospects emerging here. 05:19.630 --> 05:21.160 For example, dropping the bishop back. 05:21.160 --> 05:25.660 Sometimes four F4 might be a possibility, so this is slightly unpleasant for blank. 05:25.660 --> 05:28.600 So we just have rook take C4 here. 05:29.590 --> 05:30.760 Rook Default. 05:31.000 --> 05:32.920 And this is funny isn't it? 05:32.920 --> 05:40.210 Just the option to transition the isolated Queen's born into a position where a pawns on D4. 05:40.210 --> 05:44.670 So expand has that opportunity, but it doesn't take it king and fate. 05:44.680 --> 05:47.500 But now it's prompted Bishop e2 and now he takes it. 05:47.500 --> 05:48.760 Rook takes D4. 05:49.300 --> 05:59.200 So if Rook seven Yeah, this looks to be about even if Bishop RD one bishop be free, this should be 05:59.200 --> 06:04.150 about even for example, here's a fictional scenario and free G takes King takes. 06:04.150 --> 06:06.220 How does White actually make progress? 06:06.220 --> 06:10.240 It's actually a bit tricky to actually make progress in this kind of position. 06:10.720 --> 06:13.510 But okay, we have. 06:15.400 --> 06:17.070 Brooke, thanks for. 06:17.110 --> 06:20.640 So now we've got this more end simplification king. 06:20.680 --> 06:23.320 7.82 bishops. 06:23.320 --> 06:28.060 It ain't might be for King D six and free. 06:28.090 --> 06:31.150 So keeping the night out of E four. 06:33.730 --> 06:34.390 So nine. 06:34.390 --> 06:34.900 G eight. 06:34.930 --> 06:35.920 H four. 06:36.190 --> 06:37.750 Another pawn on dark squares. 06:38.050 --> 06:39.520 Look at these dark square pawns. 06:39.520 --> 06:40.120 Quite a lot of them. 06:40.120 --> 06:43.660 It's only f three, which is not the odd one out here. 06:44.160 --> 06:51.610 Statistically, King F to 95, 92, F six, Bishop de Frey. 06:51.640 --> 06:55.420 And now quite a comfortable decision from small G five in a way. 06:55.840 --> 07:03.940 If 97 white has 93 and this position should be only a small edge for white, if White's really going 07:03.940 --> 07:09.370 to make progress, White does have some opportunities on the horizon, but you know, sometimes they 07:09.370 --> 07:10.960 can be safeguarded generally. 07:10.960 --> 07:12.730 So it's going to be difficult to win this. 07:12.730 --> 07:19.600 But with G five, it changes the structure a bit and actually Karpov plays a brilliant positional continuation. 07:21.670 --> 07:24.040 What would you play here for 100 points? 07:27.320 --> 07:32.600 So remember, statistically, we've got a lot of pawns on the other side of the road to the opponents, 07:32.600 --> 07:33.120 Bishop. 07:33.140 --> 07:34.950 That's a key consideration here. 07:34.970 --> 07:41.410 So Capell further simplifies and you might think, well, how is this going to win 93, Bishop B one, 07:41.540 --> 07:42.140 B four. 07:42.140 --> 07:47.540 So that locks the position on the queenside one pawn holding to a Capablanca principle. 07:47.550 --> 07:52.790 So that could have been one pawn holding to in a theoretical sense if A3 wasn't there. 07:52.790 --> 07:54.350 So that's a good positional decision. 07:54.350 --> 07:56.210 We have g tanks H four. 07:56.450 --> 07:58.820 Now this is actually a bit controversial. 07:59.120 --> 08:01.280 If King E six, King G two. 08:01.280 --> 08:02.380 Bishop the free. 08:02.390 --> 08:07.010 It seems as though how is White actually going to ever get into the black position? 08:07.010 --> 08:09.110 We would need an entry point. 08:09.110 --> 08:11.060 So that's a key consideration here. 08:11.060 --> 08:12.100 Entry points. 08:12.110 --> 08:15.080 Now, Black play G takes H four. 08:15.080 --> 08:18.860 So what would you play here for 500 points and why? 08:19.530 --> 08:28.100 You have 500 points and why this is the star iconic move of the game, in my view. 08:34.850 --> 08:36.770 It's a positional pawn sacrifice. 08:36.800 --> 08:38.420 92, believe it or not. 08:43.120 --> 08:48.100 The thing is, the nights more agile, the night can really torture various forms, especially the isolated 08:48.340 --> 08:50.110 -- later. 08:50.110 --> 08:52.870 So this is a great investment if G takes H four. 08:52.900 --> 08:58.850 The thing is, how does the white king ever infiltrate the black position? 08:59.110 --> 09:02.590 You know, E five, F five that's can be covered by the Bishop G five. 09:02.890 --> 09:08.260 There's no h4h for stopping or entry into position, you know, otherwise we would have been able to 09:08.260 --> 09:09.190 attack frontally. 09:09.190 --> 09:14.150 H five So there's no entry points into the position except with a temporary -- site. 09:14.380 --> 09:18.430 G two This looks potentially quite risky. 09:18.430 --> 09:23.260 This is a German analysis though, so this isn't a normal kind of time control game. 09:23.260 --> 09:31.450 This is in the German time after move 40 so heavily analyzed h takes g free check is played if h free. 09:31.450 --> 09:32.260 Let's have a look at this. 09:32.590 --> 09:34.540 4h2 king g two. 09:34.570 --> 09:37.660 You can see that we've got great prospects. 09:37.660 --> 09:43.810 We can win if we win H five and then we're going to be a pawn up and we've got great options to get 09:43.810 --> 09:45.310 further progress. 09:45.760 --> 09:53.110 So advantage for White if Bishop F5, we're going to play nine times h four and we've got H four potentially 09:53.110 --> 09:54.010 for our king. 09:54.010 --> 09:55.630 So our king could come to H four. 09:55.630 --> 09:57.070 It's about entry points. 09:57.310 --> 10:00.420 And this position you might think, Well, how do we make progress from here? 10:00.430 --> 10:01.090 Let's continue. 10:01.090 --> 10:01.990 G four. 10:02.410 --> 10:03.100 H Thanks. 10:03.100 --> 10:03.790 King Thanks. 10:03.790 --> 10:04.450 Let's continue. 10:04.450 --> 10:06.220 We get a square here. 10:06.340 --> 10:11.800 We've got King of five coming up, so we get king of five looking at F six and then King E six. 10:11.800 --> 10:17.650 We've made an entry into Black's position and here black's going to start crumbling. 10:17.890 --> 10:20.440 So h takes g free was tried. 10:20.440 --> 10:26.890 King takes G3 king e six and already there's an idea that at least we can get material back. 10:26.890 --> 10:27.820 Can we? 10:28.180 --> 10:30.250 Yes, we can. 10:30.250 --> 10:32.170 Now, on four check. 10:33.100 --> 10:34.870 That is a really accurate move as well. 10:34.870 --> 10:46.000 Actually, if King H four had been played, then let's say Bishop G six for King a59 takes D five. 10:46.210 --> 10:49.000 Well, white should only end up with a small edge here. 10:49.000 --> 10:53.290 This is going to be a bit trickier and even worse. 10:53.860 --> 11:02.800 You know, if King F5 this is even more accurate, actually, because here if King takes H five, can 11:02.800 --> 11:04.510 you see what resource black has? 11:07.180 --> 11:07.390 Yeah. 11:07.540 --> 11:08.950 Bishop E four. 11:09.010 --> 11:11.980 Yeah, ten points if F times this is just equal. 11:12.100 --> 11:12.550 Yeah. 11:12.550 --> 11:14.260 There's the pawns are going to be mopped up. 11:14.260 --> 11:15.550 It's going to be an even possession. 11:15.550 --> 11:19.030 So 94 is very important. 11:20.170 --> 11:27.370 We have King F5, so the king's occupying the F5 square so there's no such tricks as Bishop E for emerging 11:27.370 --> 11:27.640 here. 11:27.640 --> 11:29.920 So Knight takes H five, King six. 11:29.920 --> 11:31.540 If Bishop E four here. 11:32.080 --> 11:39.280 This is different actually, because we take an F six, king of four, King E five, and this is actually 11:39.280 --> 11:40.810 technically winning for white. 11:40.840 --> 11:47.260 If we get in this position, we have 94 check King, C2, King D four and we don't mind sacking here 11:47.260 --> 11:55.780 on D two and if King be free, you know this position just in time, we're going to win with 95 later. 11:56.170 --> 12:05.350 So okay, we have King E six and for King D six, King G for Bishop C to King H five. 12:05.380 --> 12:06.310 Bishop D one. 12:07.630 --> 12:08.980 King G six. 12:10.190 --> 12:12.050 So offering a free. 12:12.050 --> 12:13.640 We have kinky seven. 12:15.650 --> 12:19.790 If Bishop takes a free king, take up sex, Let's examine this continuation. 12:19.790 --> 12:27.020 So this is an ideal where restraint the pawns and I might have opportunities to hop in to see five soon. 12:27.020 --> 12:32.840 So as example, this is just a fictional continuation where blacks under strain and white can basically 12:32.840 --> 12:35.420 use zugzwang eventually to win this. 12:35.420 --> 12:37.850 So a bit messing around, but let's have a look. 12:38.030 --> 12:44.330 So we get a position like this where there's strain on the black position and something's going to fall 12:44.330 --> 12:44.600 off. 12:44.600 --> 12:49.610 It's a zugzwang, you know, Bishop is something we can take on Be7 and take Black's cracked hair. 12:49.610 --> 12:51.650 King Be6 we can take on D5. 12:52.640 --> 12:57.320 So yes, that's an example of being zugzwang in that Knight versus Bishop ending. 12:57.380 --> 13:04.070 So King E7 was tried, but now Knight takes the five Czech King E six 1937 check can be seven, Knight 13:04.070 --> 13:15.320 takes a six, Bishop takes her free king takes up six kingly six King Our five king D five king f4 with 13:15.320 --> 13:20.300 ten Bishop H one protecting the pawn king C4 9c5. 13:20.300 --> 13:23.150 Bishop C 693 Yeah. 13:23.150 --> 13:25.190 This knight can just torture the bishop here. 13:25.670 --> 13:31.070 Bishop G to 95 check King C free and now Knight G six. 13:31.790 --> 13:34.490 We have King C for 97. 13:34.490 --> 13:35.990 So support is given for D five. 13:35.990 --> 13:46.040 Potentially there should be 7.55 Bishop G 296 check and this wins that other pawn Knight takes B five 13:46.040 --> 13:48.590 King F4 and now Knight D six. 13:48.590 --> 13:50.600 There's too much to handle here. 13:50.840 --> 13:52.400 The bishop can't handle it. 13:52.430 --> 13:53.150 Kasparov resigned. 13:53.150 --> 13:58.250 That moves 70 if Bishop H one King D free Bishop D five. 13:58.250 --> 13:59.090 This position. 13:59.090 --> 13:59.360 Yeah. 13:59.360 --> 14:02.030 It's just too many pawns to handle. 14:02.030 --> 14:04.880 We can play a four to get going here. 14:05.600 --> 14:07.430 And this position we're going to get going. 14:07.700 --> 14:16.190 So yeah, a fascinating endgame star moments for me is that positional pawn sacrifice? 14:16.190 --> 14:16.700 Who would have thought? 14:16.700 --> 14:21.140 We need to sometimes think about entry points into the opponent's position? 14:21.290 --> 14:25.730 So this was an absolutely amazing iconic move in this end game. 14:25.730 --> 14:26.960 Highly celebrated. 14:27.170 --> 14:34.610 So yeah, it's a very interesting aspect of endgames, that slight advantage of the Knight versus bishop 14:34.610 --> 14:38.960 here, because the bishop hasn't got any targets, hasn't got any juicy targets at all. 14:38.990 --> 14:44.990 The knight's got great Outpost Squares like C5 to play with potentially, and giving the king some entry 14:44.990 --> 14:48.410 points into the black position is important here. 14:48.410 --> 14:50.030 So a very instructive and game. 14:50.030 --> 14:54.110 I hope you enjoyed this and got some instructive points and remember this iconic moments. 14:54.110 --> 15:00.620 So sometimes yeah, our biggest opportunities in chess, most spectacular are when we don't auto recapture. 15:00.620 --> 15:05.990 Sometimes we lose something in the position and you know, our pawns are like our own blockers. 15:05.990 --> 15:09.400 If we had a pawn in a block on King getting access to H five. 15:09.410 --> 15:13.750 So a very, very interesting dynamic pawn sacrifice deep into an endgame here. 15:13.760 --> 15:16.160 I hope you enjoyed this and so much.