WEBVTT 00:01.300 --> 00:02.200 Hi there. 00:02.230 --> 00:08.200 In this lecture we see Anatoly Karpov playing against Vishy Anand's in the 1991 candidates match. 00:08.320 --> 00:12.490 Round four we see D4 from Karpov and Anand. 00:12.910 --> 00:19.060 d5c4c693969. 00:19.090 --> 00:19.560 C three. 00:19.590 --> 00:20.320 E six. 00:20.980 --> 00:21.490 E three. 00:21.490 --> 00:22.270 Knight BD seven. 00:22.270 --> 00:23.230 And now Queen C two. 00:23.260 --> 00:25.300 You might ask about Bishop D three. 00:25.300 --> 00:33.160 Well black and gain the tempo of D Take C four and play now after Bishop take C four, B five. 00:33.160 --> 00:34.840 And this should be even. 00:34.840 --> 00:40.480 The point of White's play is to encourage an awkward move here like Bishop DD six. 00:41.500 --> 00:45.790 The thing is, if Bishop e seven you might ask, well, why is that awkward? 00:45.790 --> 00:51.460 Well, why can now play B three safeguarding the pawn on C4 with a pawn and this should be a slight 00:51.460 --> 00:52.540 advantage there. 00:53.050 --> 00:58.750 So Bishop DD six is better for the Bishop and now Bishop e2. 00:58.750 --> 01:03.490 So the point is that later if DD takes E4, the bishop is slightly more awkward. 01:03.490 --> 01:05.500 Four E, 4e5 from white. 01:06.070 --> 01:07.720 We see black castling. 01:08.110 --> 01:11.830 It turns out though, let's look technically at this. 01:12.250 --> 01:17.590 So we're saying here that the bishop's awkward, but actually it's not that big a deal. 01:17.590 --> 01:23.770 If e five here, it seems as though this should be fine for black. 01:23.980 --> 01:25.880 This position is fine for black. 01:25.900 --> 01:32.830 If we try Bishop G five this is also a bit more colourful, but black can actually be with advantage 01:32.830 --> 01:36.250 with Bishop takes H two Knight G four, Queen 6g5. 01:36.250 --> 01:38.800 So it probably safer to play details here. 01:38.800 --> 01:42.490 And yeah, it should just be about equal. 01:42.490 --> 01:45.910 So it's not such a big deal, these finesses as you might think. 01:45.910 --> 01:52.300 So Black castles, white castles D take C for Bishop, take C4. 01:52.300 --> 01:54.970 We have Queen E, seven, H three. 01:55.270 --> 01:57.670 This prevents 9g4 stuff. 01:57.820 --> 01:59.440 We have a six. 01:59.860 --> 02:02.650 And yeah, this is an interesting moment. 02:02.650 --> 02:10.660 If e five white can afford to play a free here because any E4 is overstretched, white can hit that 02:10.660 --> 02:14.650 pawn and tuck away the bishop and just munch the pawn. 02:14.650 --> 02:21.250 Now with nine takes e four so let's say instead of h six Bishop f five white can play f three undermining 02:21.250 --> 02:22.120 that pawn. 02:22.690 --> 02:27.890 So that's a useful thing for the Queen to be on C two pinning the pinning the pawns of the bishop. 02:28.090 --> 02:31.420 This situation White's actually just taking a pawn. 02:31.420 --> 02:36.670 Pretty non controversial with some basic tactics of inserting a check. 02:36.670 --> 02:38.440 And what has the advantage here? 02:39.190 --> 02:41.590 So a six is played. 02:42.670 --> 02:48.130 We have e four, e five and now rook d one if d five. 02:48.160 --> 02:51.820 You might think this is a bit of a concession giving up the C five square. 02:51.970 --> 02:52.600 Yeah. 02:52.600 --> 02:53.740 C takes D five. 02:53.740 --> 02:56.740 Bishop takes D five though is the way to play this. 02:56.740 --> 03:03.670 If White did want to play like this because Knight takes this is just even that's about even black hasn't 03:03.670 --> 03:11.440 really got difficulties there but if bishop takes this is slightly different why it should have an advantage 03:11.440 --> 03:14.800 here For example, this way of playing it, White's D five score is pretty good. 03:15.730 --> 03:18.460 Instead of might be six if Knight 65. 03:18.670 --> 03:21.640 This is also going to be pretty good for white. 03:21.850 --> 03:26.380 For example, like this with Knight B six coming, it's going to be nice for white. 03:26.770 --> 03:30.460 So och so D five is an option. 03:30.460 --> 03:35.650 But rook D one was played B five here. 03:35.650 --> 03:40.360 If E takes dd four knight takes the four. 03:40.360 --> 03:42.220 If 95 the bishop will drop back. 03:42.220 --> 03:45.640 This is a small edge for white as well this position. 03:45.760 --> 03:49.150 So B five we have Bishop F one, C five. 03:49.180 --> 03:50.380 This is quite daring. 03:50.380 --> 03:57.340 Now after D five it seems as though Black has a free two to pull majority. 03:57.340 --> 04:03.070 But is there some controversy involved in pushing these pawns If D takes C five instead? 04:03.070 --> 04:09.820 This gets all the fun out of the position with a more symmetrical pawn structure. 04:10.150 --> 04:14.260 And yeah, White really can't claim an advantage here. 04:14.260 --> 04:16.960 This is just even this position. 04:16.960 --> 04:21.010 For example, even if that transaction happens, it's just even. 04:22.440 --> 04:25.950 So day five, closing up the center C four. 04:27.270 --> 04:32.370 But now, yeah, these pawns look as though they're undermining all what's the risk factor in trying 04:32.370 --> 04:33.540 to undermine the structure? 04:33.540 --> 04:34.330 So we see a four. 04:34.350 --> 04:38.880 This is a very interesting undermining example, which is quite dramatic. 04:38.880 --> 04:42.660 What's about to occur would be a8x8x. 04:42.660 --> 04:49.170 So we want to undermine the relative, the exploitable base of the chain so we can see four. 04:49.410 --> 04:51.800 And we see an interesting undermine move. 04:51.810 --> 04:54.000 So guess what it is for five points. 04:55.360 --> 04:55.900 Yeah. 04:57.040 --> 05:03.790 Rock five encouraging B For now, this is looking a little bit scary and almost, you could say in some 05:03.790 --> 05:04.860 respect it looks at position. 05:04.870 --> 05:07.720 Right in the room is dim, however C4 is weakened. 05:07.720 --> 05:14.020 Now we have Queen DD eight hitting the rock, so the rook now goes to a seven and it's useful. 05:14.020 --> 05:15.700 The knight covering B six hair. 05:15.700 --> 05:18.190 Of course we have B three. 05:18.190 --> 05:21.860 So the pawns look slightly dangerous, don't they. 05:21.880 --> 05:23.290 We see 9c5. 05:23.290 --> 05:27.580 So what gets rid of the the knight on the rim being them. 05:27.580 --> 05:28.210 It's not so dim. 05:28.210 --> 05:31.210 It's gone now Bishop takes C five rook a one. 05:31.660 --> 05:37.660 So here we see a tactical move C three. 05:38.740 --> 05:40.000 So this is. 05:41.180 --> 05:42.110 Getting. 05:43.320 --> 05:45.780 Interesting to say the least. 05:45.840 --> 05:48.780 So what on earth is going here? 05:48.810 --> 05:50.010 Going on here? 05:50.550 --> 05:55.210 Why caught this -- on C Freeh be taken And what about e five? 05:55.230 --> 05:56.460 What should we do? 05:56.490 --> 06:00.510 Now, this is where a huge tactical ability really helps. 06:01.170 --> 06:03.320 So at least see the point of Black's tactics. 06:03.330 --> 06:03.600 Yeah. 06:03.600 --> 06:10.260 We need to appreciate the tactical aspects of this position and choose the right -- to take. 06:10.260 --> 06:13.740 So our preventative measures do need a great tactical ability. 06:13.740 --> 06:17.010 If we play B, take C free, this would be a mistake. 06:17.010 --> 06:19.200 Can you see why this would be a mistake? 06:20.640 --> 06:21.210 Yeah. 06:22.990 --> 06:24.870 Black has B to her. 06:25.630 --> 06:32.350 So if Bishop takes me to an exchange sack and that leaves black with a menacing bishop pointing f to 06:32.470 --> 06:36.930 made worse with night takes e for and this is just horrible for white. 06:36.940 --> 06:39.370 Well, it can be totally horrible. 06:39.490 --> 06:47.770 But if Rook did to to give back the exchange, then Knight takes to nine takes DD two as example because 06:47.770 --> 06:52.420 this is also carrying now certain dangers of queen takes. 06:52.420 --> 06:57.190 There's dangers like E four and E three to dismantle White's king and rookie. 06:57.340 --> 07:07.130 So let's say 962 queen takes this is just even yeah if we don't play rook d2 if we played Rook eight 07:07.210 --> 07:12.640 we're really asking for trouble Knight Knight takes F two and it's going to be a disaster like 91. 07:12.640 --> 07:14.560 Shaq picking up our Queen. 07:14.560 --> 07:23.500 So it's important to be aware, acutely aware of tactics here after C free and Copperplate Knight takes 07:23.500 --> 07:23.880 E five. 07:23.890 --> 07:26.380 Now visually it looks hang on C two. 07:26.410 --> 07:28.990 Visually this looks a little bit concerning, right? 07:29.230 --> 07:32.110 But the undermining campaign is still underway. 07:32.110 --> 07:35.590 We can still try and undermine the base. 07:35.590 --> 07:38.920 These points will base of the pawn chain, which is be free. 07:38.920 --> 07:44.290 So rook de free we have Queenie ain't hitting the knight. 07:44.620 --> 07:51.640 If Bishop dd seven we can play queen free trying to really undermine be free so this position we can 07:51.640 --> 07:55.420 take on DD seven take on be free with small advantage. 07:55.420 --> 08:05.260 So Queenie is try 9c6, rugby six and now Bishop E three we have here Knight takes E four. 08:05.290 --> 08:08.230 If Bishop takes E three, this helps white bit. 08:08.350 --> 08:11.410 So there's hitting the rook and then we can play. 08:11.410 --> 08:16.480 Rook takes be free and the undermine helps things here. 08:16.720 --> 08:19.720 If Knight takes E4, finally we can pick up c two. 08:21.170 --> 08:26.930 If Queen takes E4 instead, then Bishop D free hair is rather nice. 08:28.460 --> 08:31.190 So if Queen takes the five, we have 97. 08:31.190 --> 08:33.800 Check if Queen F-4, we're taking on C two. 08:33.800 --> 08:38.150 And we're kind of doing better actually, than you'd think. 08:39.710 --> 08:43.730 This is two points up. 08:43.730 --> 08:47.840 I mean, this is pretty good and big advantage. 08:47.840 --> 08:51.970 And if Black Day is to take on day five, we can do better than Bishop takes. 08:52.010 --> 08:52.840 Age seven. 08:52.850 --> 08:55.610 We've got a neat trick here, Queen five. 08:56.690 --> 09:01.160 The point is, if nine of six, can you see what neat trick we can use her? 09:06.870 --> 09:10.310 Yeah, we can play 97 check King eight chains. 09:12.030 --> 09:14.920 And now, in fact, we can play 95. 09:14.940 --> 09:16.660 Hitting the queen, hitting for eight. 09:16.680 --> 09:18.060 So we're winning material. 09:18.060 --> 09:19.440 This is an example we can play. 09:19.440 --> 09:21.890 Queen takes F eight and takes F for rock out. 09:21.900 --> 09:22.770 Thanks very much. 09:22.770 --> 09:26.670 So, yeah, the undermining effects seem to be working. 09:26.670 --> 09:29.190 So like takes e fall is played. 09:29.190 --> 09:34.110 We have Bishop take C five, nine take five and now with tempo rookie free. 09:34.560 --> 09:38.910 So still it seems black is persistently holding the pawn chain. 09:38.910 --> 09:46.890 Right now we have queenly seven if my E six This is a tactical response we can play here Rook See three 09:46.890 --> 09:50.970 This is another amazing tactical idea. 09:51.270 --> 09:52.770 So in this position. 09:54.140 --> 09:57.200 If Bishop B seven, Queen E three hitting the rook. 09:57.560 --> 10:01.680 If Bishop takes six instead of taking the rook, we can do better. 10:02.000 --> 10:02.720 Takes. 10:03.780 --> 10:07.710 And B contends we're undermining the pawn chain. 10:07.980 --> 10:08.370 Yeah. 10:08.370 --> 10:14.100 If we took on B six, this is just even and B four is being held. 10:14.100 --> 10:16.200 We want to undermine this pawn chain. 10:16.200 --> 10:17.520 So forget that. 10:17.760 --> 10:23.580 Take on E six instead and take on F seven and we're going to undermine this pawn chain soon after Bishop 10:23.580 --> 10:30.360 C for this position, we finally take out B free, which dismantles the pawn chain, and we're an exchange 10:30.360 --> 10:30.630 up there. 10:30.630 --> 10:33.030 Anyway, so interesting stuff. 10:33.030 --> 10:45.810 So Queen D seven is played and we have Queen C four, Rook takes C six, while DD takes four, Queen 10:45.810 --> 10:46.230 D one. 10:46.230 --> 10:47.220 The rook has to go back. 10:47.220 --> 10:48.120 Queen dd six. 10:48.120 --> 10:50.550 So it seems to be tied down. 10:50.550 --> 10:54.180 And Shannon's doing a good job at the moment of holding be free. 10:54.180 --> 10:59.750 But there's a key move here which changes the balance of things. 10:59.760 --> 11:01.500 Can you see what it is? 11:01.620 --> 11:09.780 So this annoying queen D one is a bit of a pain, but actually if we can dislodge the knight then we 11:09.780 --> 11:12.510 can take out B free and take out C two after. 11:12.510 --> 11:14.880 If only we could dislodge the Knights. 11:15.180 --> 11:18.780 So this next move is key for 100 points. 11:18.780 --> 11:19.890 What would you play? 11:20.280 --> 11:23.850 So we are in the midst of an undermining operation. 11:26.440 --> 11:28.600 To get rid of this pawn chain. 11:28.930 --> 11:29.770 It's Queen C free. 11:29.800 --> 11:30.820 It protects E one. 11:30.820 --> 11:31.720 Quite often. 11:32.320 --> 11:36.640 A deep knowledge of the tactics will often lead to strengthening moves, and strengthening moves might 11:36.640 --> 11:39.330 often be protecting pieces more. 11:39.340 --> 11:45.580 And what this means is later, if we move a rook and Queen rd one happens. 11:46.060 --> 11:52.210 We don't have to move rook back because we're holding E one so it protects e1a bit more over protecting 11:52.660 --> 11:56.410 E one and it means Rook five is more significant. 11:56.410 --> 12:02.410 Now as a front, if we play Rook five Queen DD two we're dragged back, we're just dragged back. 12:02.410 --> 12:07.510 So Queen C Free is a great preventative move for the operations. 12:07.510 --> 12:09.340 We want to improve our position. 12:09.700 --> 12:16.030 The active operations to improve our position involve getting rid of this pawn chain so we see Queen 12:16.030 --> 12:24.670 D five being played if H six just to show now Rook a five, Queen D one We're just taking on C five. 12:25.090 --> 12:27.340 We've got x ray defense against C one. 12:27.340 --> 12:28.450 The Queen is protecting E one. 12:28.450 --> 12:29.350 No problem. 12:29.620 --> 12:37.150 If H five again rook five if 96 we're playing bishops C four here and we're going to dismantle the pawn 12:37.150 --> 12:37.810 chain. 12:40.050 --> 12:42.000 So Queen Di five is tried. 12:42.840 --> 12:44.270 And now see seven. 12:44.280 --> 12:45.480 This is a real pain. 12:45.480 --> 12:49.830 So taking time out for C seven, we have Bishop B seven. 12:50.220 --> 12:55.470 If 96, we can actually play Bishop, see four and job done to take out the pawn chain. 12:57.000 --> 12:58.020 Big advantage. 12:58.020 --> 13:02.610 So Bishop B seven and now rook five and black starts to crumble. 13:02.610 --> 13:12.030 Finally, 94 Queen's come off rook DD three So still after this be free pawn 90 to 2. 13:12.030 --> 13:17.820 No worries about C one Rook takes B free hitting the bishop on B seven. 13:18.120 --> 13:20.610 So here the bishop moves off C one. 13:20.610 --> 13:21.600 We're just taking that. 13:21.600 --> 13:22.290 Thanks very much. 13:22.290 --> 13:22.830 And then taking. 13:22.830 --> 13:26.190 And that's a winning end game with these two connected pass pawns. 13:26.190 --> 13:34.080 So Bishop C, we have Bishop C four and not Minding Black being a piece up if C one queening G six is 13:34.080 --> 13:35.310 played if C one queening. 13:35.310 --> 13:38.910 That piece up is not a big deal here. 13:38.910 --> 13:40.410 The ninth stranded. 13:40.800 --> 13:43.960 This is just a big advantage for Waynes. 13:43.980 --> 13:46.380 Now you might ask Holland, why is this a big advantage? 13:46.380 --> 13:52.200 Let me demonstrate if g six we just push our b pawn, we play b four. 13:52.200 --> 13:57.090 And this knights kind of stranded the bishops controlling the knight. 13:57.690 --> 13:58.860 What does that do here? 14:00.780 --> 14:01.590 King G seven. 14:01.590 --> 14:02.340 B five. 14:02.340 --> 14:03.690 The past pawns are actually winning. 14:03.690 --> 14:05.880 B six, King E seven. 14:06.060 --> 14:13.530 And here we might consider Rook takes the eight, Rook takes Bishop a six, King D seven. 14:13.530 --> 14:16.320 But now B seven and we're absolutely winning. 14:16.320 --> 14:18.810 So that's touchdown B eight queening. 14:19.410 --> 14:20.130 No problem. 14:20.130 --> 14:22.050 So yeah, fascinating variation. 14:22.050 --> 14:32.280 So G sex is played here rook A free and we have a similar circumstance emerging so blacks are. 14:36.350 --> 14:37.280 A piece up. 14:38.270 --> 14:38.930 Now. 14:40.400 --> 14:42.260 So it's a similar circumstance. 14:42.810 --> 14:44.180 Brooks See frame. 14:47.000 --> 14:49.460 And what is black actually do now? 14:49.760 --> 14:53.720 In fact, this night's stranded in this version. 14:53.900 --> 14:56.960 So it's even better than what I've just shown you. 14:57.200 --> 14:58.520 Yeah, I mean, 92. 14:58.520 --> 15:01.490 So what we're just taking it hasn't really delayed as much. 15:01.520 --> 15:03.770 Rookie is played, Rook takes one. 15:03.770 --> 15:10.310 So we've got these two connected past pawns where two pawns up rookie seven and now Bishop F one safeguarding 15:10.310 --> 15:10.970 the pawn. 15:11.240 --> 15:14.680 And Shannon resigns here if King G seven. 15:14.690 --> 15:20.590 Yeah, we move the B pawn B five, and we're going to make easy progress soon. 15:20.600 --> 15:22.880 We're two pawns up for nothing, really. 15:23.060 --> 15:28.460 It's, you know, may require King walk to help matters, but it's absolutely winning. 15:28.460 --> 15:31.310 So yeah a fascinating game. 15:32.240 --> 15:38.480 It really was undermining it in spectacular style in a way. 15:39.170 --> 15:44.000 So early on it looked as though this is like dangerous proportions. 15:44.000 --> 15:45.500 You might think these pawns. 15:45.500 --> 15:49.970 Yeah, it's vicious tactical ability seeing this C free concepts. 15:50.480 --> 15:56.810 So allowing what seems to be a ridiculously aggressive near queening pawn chain. 15:56.810 --> 16:05.870 But bearing in mind, you know, be free is going to be a target here once we take out B free and it's 16:05.870 --> 16:07.190 done in great style. 16:07.430 --> 16:08.000 Yeah. 16:08.000 --> 16:12.200 Black sacrificing the exchange there because be free is about to be wiped out for the nightmares we're 16:12.200 --> 16:13.250 going to take on be free. 16:13.250 --> 16:19.760 So vishy I'm trying to maintain the pawn chain but key move strengthening the position, which means 16:19.760 --> 16:22.220 that rook five to lift c five to we can be free. 16:22.220 --> 16:26.660 So that's a really interesting undermining game. 16:26.660 --> 16:27.980 Very, very interesting. 16:27.980 --> 16:34.970 And this situation where black is allowed to be a piece up is rather special and fun potentially. 16:34.970 --> 16:42.770 So allowing this situation where although Black will be a knight up, there's two connected pass pawns 16:42.770 --> 16:49.760 are absolutely winning So fascinating scenarios really fascinating here and this this just simplifies 16:49.760 --> 16:52.340 to a just much more easily winning position. 16:52.610 --> 16:59.450 Okay I hope you enjoyed this one Spectacular undermining pawns reaching very scary proportions. 16:59.450 --> 17:02.780 But we must understand the tactics of the opponent. 17:02.780 --> 17:07.760 The positional player needs to be able to prevent tactics before it's too late. 17:07.760 --> 17:11.480 Prevention is much better than cure. 17:11.480 --> 17:18.290 So just to draw your attention again, you know, if we took the wrong pawn, if we'd actually taken 17:18.290 --> 17:26.120 the wrong pawn here, we'd be getting absolutely nothing from the position If you took these take free. 17:26.120 --> 17:30.140 So it's very important to be tactically aware of exchange sacrifices. 17:30.140 --> 17:33.170 The opponent might be preparing as well. 17:33.170 --> 17:34.730 So that's another aspect here. 17:35.090 --> 17:37.490 Okay, So much.