WEBVTT 00:00.930 --> 00:01.700 Hi there. 00:01.710 --> 00:04.620 In this lecture, we see an absolute masterpiece. 00:04.980 --> 00:09.110 This is a game which has been nicknamed Light Square Symphony. 00:09.120 --> 00:15.060 So this is Anatoly Karpov against Garry Kasparov, 1995, their world championship match, round four. 00:15.510 --> 00:22.680 So D four from Karpov we have D five, Kasparov, C four, E 6/9, C three. 00:22.680 --> 00:26.340 Bishop E 7.3956. 00:26.610 --> 00:28.470 Bishop g5h6. 00:28.470 --> 00:32.010 And now white volunteers the darts square Bishop. 00:32.340 --> 00:42.570 So mathematically on the light squares without the knights on f6 white could actually get a superiority 00:42.840 --> 00:48.240 on the light squares with these pieces just mathematically, because this is not going to help on the 00:48.240 --> 00:48.780 light squares. 00:48.780 --> 00:49.920 That's something to point out. 00:49.920 --> 00:59.250 Here we see e free black castles, Queen C two knights, a six. 01:00.320 --> 01:01.250 Wrote one. 01:02.760 --> 01:07.440 So this means that if any night before the queen can tuck away now without blocking in the ruck so it 01:07.440 --> 01:17.340 seems pointless to play night before we have c5d type C five queen a5c takes thee five might take five. 01:17.760 --> 01:19.110 And now Queen D to. 01:20.480 --> 01:22.970 Wrote the eight and now 94 E. 01:23.000 --> 01:29.890 Takes the five Bishop e to Queen B six White Castles Knights E four. 01:29.900 --> 01:32.900 We have Queen C to night. 01:32.990 --> 01:35.720 Take C free, Queen, take C free. 01:36.140 --> 01:40.940 So black has the bishop hair white has this nice blockade. 01:40.940 --> 01:42.440 Well, good looking blockade. 01:42.710 --> 01:51.320 We have Bishop E six, queen, C2, Rook, AC eight, Queen B one Rook seven. 01:51.680 --> 01:54.200 Now to Rook DC eight. 01:54.770 --> 01:55.730 Now here. 01:55.730 --> 01:58.400 So how to proceed against the isolated Queen's pawn? 01:58.400 --> 02:05.480 This is a very interesting move now, in my view, and it's something I've always remembered as a treatment. 02:05.570 --> 02:11.870 I say at Queen's pawns that sometimes the challenge of trying to exploit the isolation of this Queen's 02:11.870 --> 02:12.710 pawn is just too much. 02:12.710 --> 02:14.840 It doesn't seem to get anywhere in this position. 02:14.840 --> 02:22.010 Black has very active pieces and pressure on DD for and cop offs. 02:22.010 --> 02:25.190 Decision I believe is worth 500 points for my quiz to you. 02:25.190 --> 02:27.710 What do you think White should play in this position? 02:27.710 --> 02:29.510 Should White build up somehow? 02:29.510 --> 02:31.370 What move would you play? 02:34.240 --> 02:38.890 Okay, so you might find this very strange, but nine takes E six was played. 02:40.960 --> 02:45.820 If we proceed with Bishop friends, they're trying to target the D five. 02:45.820 --> 02:50.140 I say Queens born black could play bishop thanks d for this possession. 02:50.140 --> 02:51.310 Blacks very active. 02:51.340 --> 02:55.600 What do we do about B to be free this position? 02:55.600 --> 02:57.460 How are we building up pressure? 02:59.230 --> 03:03.920 There's too much pressure here on the CFO if Bishop takes Bishop. 03:04.450 --> 03:04.750 Rick. 03:04.780 --> 03:05.160 Thanks. 03:05.170 --> 03:11.590 We can try this trick, but Rook takes F two, and then we're going to get just an equal position. 03:11.710 --> 03:17.890 So this treatment transforms the isolated Queen's pawn into something else, trying to weaken black 03:17.890 --> 03:19.120 on the light squares. 03:19.120 --> 03:22.440 And in fact, engines suggest this is a slight inaccuracy. 03:22.450 --> 03:23.710 F takes E six. 03:24.040 --> 03:30.160 If Queen takes E six, which leaves the isolated Queen's pawn, Of course, Bishop de Freeze should 03:30.160 --> 03:30.940 be about even. 03:30.940 --> 03:39.710 For example, Queen B sex g three Black can play queen b4 and to show the resourcefulness of black black 03:40.000 --> 03:44.200 Queen takes d to her and use that C to simplify further. 03:44.200 --> 03:49.510 And it should just be about even only the tiniest of advantage. 03:49.510 --> 03:54.490 Maybe for white, but generally it's just about even with vertex E six. 03:54.880 --> 03:57.490 Yeah, it's ever so slightly inaccuracy. 03:57.490 --> 04:01.000 Bishop G for now is played. 04:01.000 --> 04:06.160 So we see rook C4 and the bishop is protected with H free. 04:06.580 --> 04:08.890 So looking at that, bishop is protected. 04:09.490 --> 04:15.460 Okay, so we have Quincy Sex Queen dd free. 04:15.460 --> 04:24.520 And you'll notice actually one very interesting statistic about this game is that a lot of the white 04:24.520 --> 04:26.950 moves are actually literally on white squares. 04:26.950 --> 04:29.590 It's like away from the other side of the road. 04:29.590 --> 04:36.460 So the bishop is like White's moves are all on the other side of the road now to the dark square, Bishop. 04:38.220 --> 04:39.030 So. 04:40.890 --> 04:41.780 If we look at this note. 04:41.850 --> 04:43.320 So that was on a like square. 04:43.350 --> 04:44.780 This is on the light square. 04:44.790 --> 04:46.620 This is on the light square. 04:46.950 --> 04:51.660 And yeah, things are being put on the light squares and away from the bishop potentially. 04:51.660 --> 04:53.350 So this is a light square. 04:53.370 --> 04:58.410 This is a light square move moving away from the bishop on that side of the road so it avoids any kind 04:58.410 --> 05:01.260 of traffic accidents, so to speak, on the chessboard. 05:01.370 --> 05:03.750 This bishop is less influential. 05:04.220 --> 05:06.570 Okay, so here is a light square. 05:06.570 --> 05:07.180 Move, Rook. 05:07.500 --> 05:09.120 Another light square move. 05:09.120 --> 05:11.460 And you'll notice also there's opportunity. 05:11.460 --> 05:13.590 It's not just avoiding this. 05:13.590 --> 05:15.780 There's opportunity on these. 05:15.780 --> 05:17.730 We can light squares around the king. 05:17.730 --> 05:19.020 This is one of the main problems. 05:19.020 --> 05:24.840 It's strengthened black's d five pawn, sure, but it's borrowed from the king side. 05:24.840 --> 05:28.980 And Karpov now does an absolutely amazing maneuver of this. 05:28.980 --> 05:31.320 Bishop, It's not so great on G4. 05:31.320 --> 05:33.810 So where is this bishop ideally placed? 05:34.080 --> 05:35.490 Well, we see B five. 05:35.490 --> 05:38.100 Bishop G six is coming back on this diagonal. 05:38.520 --> 05:45.450 Rook Sorry, Bishop the Bishop de Fray, so nicely central and all on the light squares again, a light 05:45.450 --> 05:46.500 square move. 05:46.500 --> 05:49.680 That's why this game is actually nicknamed Light Square Symphony. 05:50.220 --> 05:53.880 So here there's a concrete front and also to mace on the light square. 05:53.910 --> 05:56.610 So Queen G six is a threat. 05:56.610 --> 06:06.060 So Queenie parries that now E for one could carry on without pawn moves with G six. 06:06.060 --> 06:08.550 But you know, there's work to be done here. 06:08.550 --> 06:10.980 That's an advantage point, but there's work to be done. 06:10.980 --> 06:20.250 So e four we have Bishop G5 Rook, C2 Rook take C to Bishop, take C to Quincy six. 06:20.820 --> 06:24.900 So here Bishop D eight might actually be more accurate. 06:25.290 --> 06:31.740 So for example, E tanks, e tanks, White should play Queen D four with even position weights. 06:31.740 --> 06:33.090 Pretty tight down here. 06:33.090 --> 06:37.290 Tactically, if rook tanks d5 that's a disaster. 06:37.290 --> 06:39.420 Queen E one Check King H two. 06:39.420 --> 06:42.840 Bishop C seven check and then mating. 06:44.010 --> 06:47.850 So yes, it seems as though Bishop Da was very interesting here. 06:50.140 --> 06:57.970 But okay, so Queen C six, then we have Queen E two, Queen five. 06:58.150 --> 07:00.190 Now black is frightening. 07:00.460 --> 07:07.810 Rook takes F to hair for Bishop E three just to show that Freda if Bishop B one rook takes F to Queen, 07:07.810 --> 07:09.370 takes F to Bishop E free. 07:09.580 --> 07:20.920 So Rook f one defends F to Queen C free E takes E takes Bishop B one Queen to Queen E, five Rook D 07:20.920 --> 07:23.220 eight, Queen F five. 07:23.230 --> 07:26.950 So now there is a made concrete made from King. 07:26.950 --> 07:28.090 The king has to evacuate. 07:28.090 --> 07:33.480 King G eight Queen six checking age eight, Queen G six or another mate for it. 07:33.910 --> 07:35.830 King Jack, Queen E six check. 07:36.460 --> 07:38.530 King H a now bishop at five. 07:40.180 --> 07:43.420 So here, how is White making progress? 07:43.420 --> 07:48.220 Well, the bishop now is trying to get on this key diagonal. 07:48.370 --> 07:53.020 So we see Queen C three, Queen six King Jane. 07:53.020 --> 07:54.520 So why is making progress? 07:54.520 --> 07:55.810 Bishop E six, check. 07:57.010 --> 07:58.000 King eight. 07:58.000 --> 07:59.900 So if king for queen of sevens, mate. 07:59.920 --> 08:05.170 So here, Bishop at five, King Jane now G three so slightly improving the position. 08:06.460 --> 08:10.950 King of eight, King G two So putting the king on light squares, you know, it's away from the dark 08:10.990 --> 08:13.360 square potential of the black position. 08:13.900 --> 08:15.730 Queen F six and now Queen eight. 08:15.730 --> 08:16.060 Seven. 08:16.060 --> 08:16.330 Yeah. 08:16.360 --> 08:24.430 Using the H seven square to avoid the exchange of Queens, Queen f7h for Bishop D two And now this rook 08:24.430 --> 08:25.300 is also improved. 08:25.300 --> 08:28.030 Now that the bishop's in a great place, how can we improve this? 08:28.030 --> 08:35.350 Rook Well, it's with tempo Rook D one Bishop C three Guess where we want the rook Yeah, we're improving 08:35.350 --> 08:38.500 the position relative to the opponent's king here, Rook d free. 08:39.040 --> 08:41.280 So we're going to the free square. 08:41.320 --> 08:43.830 So setting up big dangers for black. 08:43.840 --> 08:47.020 So King E, seven Queen, eight chains. 08:47.770 --> 08:50.530 Yes, That kind of tapping into. 08:50.530 --> 08:53.020 It's difficult for black to do something here. 08:55.180 --> 08:56.230 It's getting very tricky. 08:56.230 --> 09:04.120 We have D four if rook d eight, then there's rookie free check and then taking on D a very, very dangerous 09:04.120 --> 09:04.930 position. 09:07.530 --> 09:08.580 Yeah, this is very handy. 09:08.580 --> 09:09.390 Rookie free check. 09:09.390 --> 09:19.380 So we have the four Quincy Saints rookie Saints, Quincy, five, Jack King Saints and now improving 09:19.380 --> 09:21.150 the attacking potential further. 09:21.210 --> 09:23.130 Can you see what Commonwealth plays here? 09:24.210 --> 09:24.990 Ten points. 09:27.590 --> 09:27.890 Yeah. 09:27.890 --> 09:30.390 Rookie for yeah bringing in rookie form. 09:30.410 --> 09:32.450 So the kings in the center. 09:32.780 --> 09:34.460 It's starting to look horrible. 09:34.790 --> 09:39.810 Queen Bee seven check now rookie for check So check with a check handled with a check. 09:39.810 --> 09:40.640 King of seven. 09:40.940 --> 09:43.840 Quincy full check for eight. 09:43.940 --> 09:46.160 And now what would you play here for? 09:46.160 --> 09:46.970 Ten points. 09:48.890 --> 09:51.680 The king is getting restricted more and more restricted. 09:51.860 --> 09:55.730 We have Bishop 87, a killer, common square G eight. 09:57.020 --> 09:58.400 So that's my friends. 09:58.400 --> 10:01.400 We have Rook have seven parrying the main threat, Queenie six. 10:01.400 --> 10:05.390 And the mate for Queenie ain't for Queenie. 10:05.390 --> 10:07.460 Seven Powering the mate for Queenie eight. 10:09.870 --> 10:19.670 So Queen E five here and in this position, Black actually resigned. 10:19.680 --> 10:24.800 There's a Queen B eight make four as many people being confused why Black resigned. 10:24.810 --> 10:28.350 I can give you some examples why Black would resign here. 10:28.350 --> 10:30.960 So rookie seven, there's rookie have four. 10:32.490 --> 10:34.320 And the problem here is. 10:36.790 --> 10:38.860 Well, there's one or two problems. 10:38.860 --> 10:46.660 If King E eight, we have at least Queen Bee eight checking an F check to win the queen at least. 10:47.980 --> 10:51.080 If Rook have seven, queen bee ain't shank. 10:51.130 --> 10:57.130 And here we have Queen Bee six check Queen bee seven rook tanks F seven check King tanks, Bishop G 10:57.130 --> 10:58.480 six check King of eight. 10:58.480 --> 11:00.310 And we're going to mate on the Lion square. 11:00.340 --> 11:01.240 Funny enough. 11:01.870 --> 11:04.420 So that's one or two variations there. 11:05.350 --> 11:13.000 And also, if we look in this position at Queen DD eight, Quincy five, check rookie seven. 11:13.000 --> 11:15.040 This is more fascinating, actually. 11:15.280 --> 11:16.690 What would you play here? 11:16.810 --> 11:19.210 Black's really pinned that up. 11:19.660 --> 11:20.830 What would you play? 11:22.050 --> 11:23.670 Yeah, that's kind of paralyzed. 11:23.670 --> 11:24.230 Bishop G. 11:24.270 --> 11:29.050 Six And what can Black do now? 11:29.070 --> 11:35.970 Blacks are really stuck if d freight This is almighty pen if dd free rook tanks, e seven Queen taxi, 11:36.000 --> 11:37.830 seven Quincy, eight check. 11:38.070 --> 11:39.960 And then we're meeting like that. 11:40.110 --> 11:44.760 So yes, a very, very powerful game indeed. 11:44.760 --> 11:52.950 And for me made me rethink how we tackle the Queen's pawn and basically transforming advantages in general. 11:52.950 --> 12:01.080 This key position has made me think a lot about chess generally, how Karpov is known as a player that 12:01.080 --> 12:05.130 likes to attack, you know, pawn structure weaknesses generally. 12:05.130 --> 12:10.050 But here it's like he did a favor for Black's pawn structure. 12:10.050 --> 12:17.100 But the advantage was translated into light square weaknesses around the king. 12:18.990 --> 12:19.380 So. 12:19.380 --> 12:20.040 Yes. 12:20.040 --> 12:24.090 And, you know, it's like a light square based positional attack. 12:24.870 --> 12:28.030 So it's not like a sacrificial attack, like towel. 12:28.130 --> 12:34.380 It's a length square based accumulating and voltage attack until black is run out. 12:34.380 --> 12:36.180 Moves to defend the king. 12:36.810 --> 12:43.050 But yeah, the important thing is when we accumulate advantage or transform advantages, sometimes we 12:43.050 --> 12:44.810 want to make them more exploitable. 12:44.820 --> 12:51.210 So the notion of exploitable advantages or exploitable weaknesses on the chessboard is an all important 12:51.210 --> 12:52.190 qualifier. 12:52.200 --> 12:57.450 We can't just think of things in theory, in a theoretical sense, like the estate Queen's pawn. 12:57.450 --> 13:01.920 We need all our pieces, the exact positions to give us concrete advantage. 13:01.920 --> 13:08.880 So we must think in terms of is actually exploitable in a given position context. 13:09.210 --> 13:15.930 So yeah, this decision seems paradoxical, but it's about transforming advantages into more exploitable 13:15.930 --> 13:16.830 advantages. 13:17.340 --> 13:24.420 And in this particular case, we have a slight advantage already on the light squares, and that's amplified 13:24.570 --> 13:29.080 when black is borrowing from the kingside and weakening squares on the kingside. 13:29.100 --> 13:35.850 But who would have thought that the white pieces from their current positions can transform to exploit 13:35.850 --> 13:37.110 these white square weaknesses? 13:37.110 --> 13:37.680 So yeah. 13:37.680 --> 13:39.750 A light square symphony, indeed. 13:40.260 --> 13:42.090 I hope you like this game as much as me. 13:42.660 --> 13:43.620 And so much.