WEBVTT 00:00.870 --> 00:05.670 Hi, in this lecture, we're going to show an example of what happens when you don't counsel early enough. 00:06.150 --> 00:09.330 So Paul is playing against Ruffa in 1859. 00:09.330 --> 00:14.100 Paris EFORE is played by Paul Morphy, 85, 93, 96. 00:14.610 --> 00:15.660 Bishop C4. 00:16.140 --> 00:18.090 Polymorph is not giving records in this game. 00:18.120 --> 00:18.910 Yes, there's a rook. 00:19.260 --> 00:21.810 You are so asix. 00:22.290 --> 00:28.050 We have defore eatings white castles and our black plays. 00:28.060 --> 00:31.340 1964 Brookie one D5. 00:31.350 --> 00:34.920 This is actually OK if black plays correctly. 00:35.880 --> 00:46.770 After 1933 we see Queen aged five nights Heynckes e4 Bishop ESX Night PG five Bishop before I'm here, 00:47.250 --> 00:48.930 the black king is still in the center. 00:48.930 --> 00:52.620 So this move is a little bit ambitious. 00:52.620 --> 00:54.930 Considering that the king is in the center. 00:55.980 --> 01:02.780 Perhaps a better move would have been to be able to, if necessary, even sacrifice a pawn special to 01:02.800 --> 01:03.390 counsel. 01:03.810 --> 01:05.330 For example, Bishop S7. 01:07.480 --> 01:08.020 And. 01:09.010 --> 01:14.500 Try and console, you know, if it takes an even if losing pawn, try and console in the game. 01:14.740 --> 01:24.160 What we see now of this more adventurous bishop before is actually it makes it more difficult for blacks 01:24.160 --> 01:31.600 console because Paul Morphy plays Rook takes a sex check and he actually prevents the opponent from 01:31.600 --> 01:35.590 legally canceling the opponent's prevented from legally canceling. 01:35.590 --> 01:37.920 The king cannot pass through checks. 01:37.930 --> 01:42.210 So there's no kingside on the side or queen side castling available. 01:42.220 --> 01:43.440 It's not legal right now. 01:43.870 --> 01:47.330 So this is a situation where we have a situation we've arrived at. 01:47.920 --> 01:53.380 But for the purpose of example here that, you know, the kings in the center, they have the kings 01:53.380 --> 01:56.880 in the sense of like this horrible things can sometimes happen. 01:57.280 --> 02:00.160 We have this night supporting the other one, attacking the queen. 02:00.820 --> 02:05.890 So the queen moves another Queen Itou And this sets up a kind of x ray against the king. 02:06.190 --> 02:07.480 So horrible things are happening. 02:07.480 --> 02:10.390 These x rays shouldn't be so easy to create. 02:11.950 --> 02:18.130 This is a kind of x ray tactic situation where you can say it's an x ray because it's as if it's going 02:18.130 --> 02:20.620 through these pieces looking at the opponent King. 02:20.870 --> 02:23.140 This is not the sort of thing you generally want. 02:23.470 --> 02:28.420 You don't want your opponents pieces x ray, your king, because the king's in the center and it hasn't 02:28.420 --> 02:34.090 cancels the possibility for x rays, for pens, for other n these increases. 02:34.450 --> 02:42.490 And we see after Bishop Desex, we see now Knight, G-7, Chank and the king, you know, is in a bit 02:42.490 --> 02:43.120 of trouble here. 02:43.120 --> 02:50.140 We see King the seven and now there's this horrible on Queen Geotag, the Kings push back to the back 02:50.140 --> 02:53.230 rank where the rules are really not happy. 02:53.560 --> 02:54.550 They've been left at home. 02:54.550 --> 02:55.360 They're on holiday. 02:55.630 --> 03:02.490 They're disconnected here and here we see actually ninety seven check. 03:03.040 --> 03:05.990 And you might wonder what is going on here with my F7 check. 03:06.460 --> 03:11.500 Well, of the Queen takes Polymorph is bringing in another attacking piece and opening up the ref as 03:11.500 --> 03:11.860 well. 03:12.940 --> 03:17.560 We see Bishop E seven and now 96 Chank. 03:19.480 --> 03:28.600 And here we actually see that the king is in big trouble and tries to go to the queen side like this. 03:29.440 --> 03:37.420 But after night, see five Chank King Bee eight Paul Morphy now plays like the seven check of the Kings. 03:37.420 --> 03:45.340 Yates, I'm hoping you spot the pattern here, which we can use to checkmate, actually by force. 03:45.610 --> 03:46.600 The opponents can. 03:47.170 --> 03:50.680 So if I give you five seconds here, what is a great pattern? 03:50.680 --> 03:51.460 You can use her. 03:54.060 --> 04:03.180 So Chacal checks captures, Freda's making one, and I hope you spot that you can actually play be six 04:03.180 --> 04:07.800 which forces the king to move because it's a double check, double checked for the king to move. 04:08.280 --> 04:12.170 Now, if King Day, the king in the center is actually checkmated like this. 04:13.140 --> 04:14.880 So the king can't go there. 04:15.030 --> 04:15.690 King goes here. 04:15.730 --> 04:18.870 And I hope you can spot what playing here while it's playing. 04:23.370 --> 04:29.740 OK, Quincy, check, yeah, this is a classic smothered like pattern after 97. 04:30.090 --> 04:30.990 This is checkmate. 04:31.980 --> 04:34.010 So what happened in this game? 04:34.020 --> 04:35.320 Was this an interesting game? 04:35.550 --> 04:41.700 It's an interesting game because it highlights actually that if your opponent's king is left in the 04:41.700 --> 04:46.470 center and you don't want to be the victim, if your opponent's king is left in the center, sometimes 04:46.800 --> 04:51.610 you can actually at some point even stop the opposing king from casting. 04:52.200 --> 04:57.930 So in this move, tries to actually stop the opposing king from legally casting your interfacial, interfering 04:57.930 --> 05:01.020 with the legality you're taking away your opponent's right. 05:01.020 --> 05:07.560 First to castles, the kings in the center and want that concretely means as far as this example is 05:07.560 --> 05:13.560 that pressure is able to be brought upon the king first, the next right, then the checks come in and 05:13.560 --> 05:15.090 then all of a sudden over. 05:15.900 --> 05:17.700 It's like a checkmate combination. 05:18.150 --> 05:21.660 So that's why King safety is so important. 05:21.660 --> 05:26.850 The King is the most precious personal chessboard that you need to look after your king. 05:27.210 --> 05:29.010 So being able to castle early. 05:29.730 --> 05:37.980 But conversely, you know, if you're dealing with the opponents, King Polymorph, his little exchange, 05:37.980 --> 05:40.740 which in theory, by the way, it's not a trade off. 05:41.340 --> 05:43.500 Polymorph is using material trade offs. 05:44.730 --> 05:50.610 To get these other things emphasized more, he's really underlining these other factors, so he's offering 05:50.610 --> 05:55.770 up what in theory seems a bad decision, right, to give up a rope for a bishop, but it really makes 05:55.770 --> 05:58.350 the opposing position very difficult to play. 05:59.250 --> 06:04.650 If Black can't even Kalsu, then they can't connect the rocks and it leads to big, big trouble. 06:05.430 --> 06:08.640 So this is why you need the art of war, principal. 06:08.650 --> 06:11.670 Put yourself beyond the fades before going on the attack. 06:12.000 --> 06:18.030 In chess terms, it's developing pieces, castling early and then looking for active operations like 06:18.030 --> 06:18.780 winning material. 06:19.080 --> 06:24.960 But if you win material too early, if you do the active operations like winning material to early things 06:24.960 --> 06:26.270 tend to backfire. 06:27.330 --> 06:32.150 You know, you end up being defeated before you even get your attack going on here. 06:32.280 --> 06:35.580 Yeah, it gets kind of defeated before anything gets going. 06:36.690 --> 06:39.500 The king just stranded in the center. 06:39.900 --> 06:44.460 It's pretty unpleasant situation after 1997. 06:44.460 --> 06:50.860 Check the Quinkan take because it's Penns to the king and it just seems fairly unpleasant. 06:51.420 --> 06:56.310 There are many variations, but I just want to give you that, General, just so this interesting move 06:57.200 --> 06:59.520 to make sure that the bishop can be brought into the game 07:02.220 --> 07:04.020 and then the knight swings by. 07:04.230 --> 07:08.490 He says it's just a very, very dangerous situation here. 07:08.940 --> 07:13.980 Black kind of made things a little bit worse with this move going into this track. 07:13.980 --> 07:17.430 And now the king is actually by force being mated. 07:18.030 --> 07:20.370 So that can be the ultimate outcome. 07:20.370 --> 07:25.950 If you don't treat your king with care and the early stage of the game, just expect to be mated quickly. 07:25.950 --> 07:31.770 Basically, that's the brutal reality sometimes, especially if you're playing an opponent like Paul 07:31.770 --> 07:40.320 Morphy is quite willing to trade off material to outline, emphasize, maximize these other factors. 07:40.800 --> 07:48.150 So trade offs in chess, when you trade off material for other factors, it's the same in chess for 07:48.330 --> 07:49.230 the initiative. 07:49.230 --> 07:52.650 The initiative is like having initiative is like having more time. 07:52.890 --> 07:57.170 Sometimes you can trade that off for a winning caretake or some other advantage. 07:57.660 --> 08:01.260 So getting these advantages means that you've got a bargaining chip. 08:01.260 --> 08:04.200 You can actually trade off something else by here. 08:05.370 --> 08:11.700 Material has been traded off to outline King safety issues in Black's possession and get this wonderful 08:11.700 --> 08:13.770 smooth make pattern in the end. 08:14.160 --> 08:18.090 OK, so we generally do want council only. 08:18.090 --> 08:21.180 It can't be kind of reinforced enough as a general opening principle. 08:21.990 --> 08:23.280 OK, and so much.