WEBVTT 00:00.880 --> 00:01.660 Hi there. 00:01.690 --> 00:04.360 In this lecture, we see a very high stakes game. 00:04.360 --> 00:06.550 Anatoly Karpov against Garry Kasparov. 00:06.790 --> 00:12.250 In 1995, round 24, Anatoly Karpov had to win this game. 00:12.250 --> 00:14.980 A draw was basically like a loss for the whole match. 00:15.280 --> 00:21.700 So we see Karpov actually uncharacteristically playing in a very aggressive manner in the opening. 00:22.120 --> 00:23.920 So let's have a look at this game. 00:24.610 --> 00:32.860 So E4 from Karpov we see Kasparov playing C5 9 to 3 D6 D4, so an open Sicilian defense. 00:32.860 --> 00:45.910 We go into the night of variation so e6 here White Castles, Bishop e7 f4 Black Castles Cage one Queen 00:45.940 --> 00:58.630 C seven e4 936 Bishop e Free Now Rookie eight Bishop F3 and now Rook B eight Queen D two Bishop D seven 00:59.050 --> 01:00.070 might be free. 01:01.630 --> 01:02.200 Six. 01:03.820 --> 01:06.230 And now here is the start of aggression. 01:06.250 --> 01:10.360 It's a very aggressive treatment, but Karpov needs a win. 01:10.660 --> 01:14.300 Now, this is a bit double edged on weakness has been created around the king. 01:14.300 --> 01:22.990 Here with G4, we see Bishops C eight G5, so bishops gave D7 for the knight here, which is now used 01:23.320 --> 01:26.350 Queen F2 and now Bishop F eight. 01:27.760 --> 01:29.470 We see Bishop G2. 01:31.450 --> 01:34.670 Maybe H4 is an interesting alternative. 01:34.690 --> 01:39.850 It looks like caveman style and that's maybe what was required of White to accept, for example, double 01:39.850 --> 01:43.120 pawns here and to play in caveman style. 01:43.120 --> 01:44.250 You know, like this. 01:44.260 --> 01:48.310 This would have been perhaps a small edge overall for whites. 01:48.310 --> 01:51.430 But Karpov plays Bishop G2. 01:51.910 --> 01:54.890 So is he actually all in with the attacking philosophy? 01:54.910 --> 01:57.900 Sometimes you do have to play like a caveman. 01:57.910 --> 01:59.320 We have Bishop B7. 02:00.310 --> 02:04.180 This is one of the things I've said about this particular game. 02:04.180 --> 02:10.470 In fact, that the openings need to fit the style and comp was like playing in a different style. 02:10.490 --> 02:17.260 Actually, this opening required more attacking aggression than what Karpov played. 02:17.380 --> 02:21.070 Rook 81 We see G six bishops. 02:21.070 --> 02:27.040 C one again, age four here Caveman style might be more interesting to consider. 02:27.040 --> 02:34.210 So this kind of direct attack against the king, the pawn skeleton around the king king if that plays 02:34.210 --> 02:41.440 on the queenside like this and an F5 giving black the E5 square, technically this position should be 02:41.680 --> 02:42.880 about even. 02:44.650 --> 02:51.730 But okay, so Bishop C one was played again, refusing h four so rook c eight and then we see rook D 02:51.730 --> 02:57.790 free and this this looks to justify not playing H for actually this real cage really looks kind of dangerous. 02:58.600 --> 03:01.780 If F5 was played like the E5. 03:01.780 --> 03:06.100 This position of Knight before F takes F Thanks Bishop. 03:06.100 --> 03:07.090 Thanks D thanks. 03:07.090 --> 03:14.740 Black is fine here it seems with Queen E seven controlling key squares and protecting E6. 03:14.770 --> 03:16.360 The double pawns are not so bad here. 03:16.360 --> 03:23.920 Black has that bishop bishop counterpart even position so rook d free though we see Knight before. 03:25.980 --> 03:26.970 Rook H Ring. 03:26.970 --> 03:29.670 Bishop G seven Bishop. 03:29.700 --> 03:30.600 E Fray. 03:30.690 --> 03:31.440 And now Rook. 03:31.470 --> 03:42.000 E seven King G one Queen H four was maybe a little nuanced move here to put the knight on fire and then 03:42.000 --> 03:46.380 play Queen f two, which looks at B six. 03:46.380 --> 03:47.520 But then what does white do? 03:47.520 --> 03:48.720 Bishop Deform. 03:49.380 --> 03:53.820 Maybe it's overall, it should be a small age for whites. 03:54.000 --> 03:59.100 So this kind of plan to get rid of the defending piece should have been considered. 03:59.100 --> 04:01.110 Basically, it seems. 04:01.350 --> 04:04.080 So it can also be played in one go. 04:04.110 --> 04:06.930 Bishop D D4 just get rid of this defending piece. 04:06.930 --> 04:09.960 But Karpov maybe is not in this attacking mindset. 04:10.470 --> 04:11.550 King G one is played. 04:11.550 --> 04:18.660 We have Rook C eight and this is kind of extreme prophylaxis against F5 for things to happen against 04:19.020 --> 04:19.920 F3. 04:19.950 --> 04:29.160 We see Rook D one, so let's just show that if F five now e takes e times bad things happen to White's 04:29.160 --> 04:32.640 bishop takes G2, King takes G2. 04:33.390 --> 04:41.400 There is actually a very powerful move in this position because the king's on that second rank. 04:41.850 --> 04:46.100 Y is in danger on the E too square and black. 04:46.110 --> 04:47.940 Guess what black would play here. 04:48.510 --> 04:49.140 Let me test you. 04:49.170 --> 04:51.810 What would you play here with Black for ten points. 04:54.830 --> 04:55.340 Yeah. 04:55.610 --> 04:59.720 Bishop, S.C. phrase is not to be done lightly, but why? 04:59.840 --> 05:01.810 It's not in a position to exploit these dark squares. 05:01.820 --> 05:04.460 So we just winning control of that D5. 05:05.210 --> 05:06.950 Now if the bishop moves, there's rookie too. 05:06.950 --> 05:13.610 So this is the powerful point of this and why it's actually under huge attack now with Queen C6. 05:14.240 --> 05:22.040 So King G1 Queen St free and how this might handle the pressure here on E3. 05:22.220 --> 05:25.040 Yeah, this is embarrassing this possession. 05:25.990 --> 05:27.130 One, two. 05:29.320 --> 05:32.200 Free for against E free. 05:32.320 --> 05:34.960 And there's only free defenders this night. 05:34.960 --> 05:35.950 Can't really help. 05:36.190 --> 05:39.130 So once just collapsing here, basically this is just the collapse. 05:39.130 --> 05:43.960 And if we look at the positions for the right moment here, as well as taking only one, we could also 05:43.960 --> 05:45.500 just take on h free. 05:46.030 --> 05:47.230 So that's huge. 05:47.230 --> 05:48.130 That's just huge. 05:48.130 --> 05:53.830 So rookie one is played not five inviting that disaster. 05:55.630 --> 06:01.300 And the funny thing is Kasparov now plays F5 himself. 06:02.960 --> 06:05.220 So he's still kind of trying to win the five position. 06:06.110 --> 06:07.150 So we have this on. 06:07.580 --> 06:16.520 Now, let's consider concretely, instead of Amazon as in the game, so on was played in the game. 06:16.520 --> 06:17.810 What about 8xf5? 06:17.810 --> 06:21.470 The way to go actually does seem to be E tanks F five. 06:21.470 --> 06:22.860 It opens up these rows. 06:23.210 --> 06:23.530 Why? 06:23.570 --> 06:25.760 It does have Bishop D four and Bishop F eight. 06:25.790 --> 06:27.200 Let's assume Bishop F eight. 06:27.230 --> 06:29.090 Black should have a small edge here. 06:29.090 --> 06:34.100 There are things to do for black plate has enough control over D5. 06:34.100 --> 06:35.180 It's not fatal. 06:35.600 --> 06:37.010 So that's an interesting position. 06:37.010 --> 06:43.710 If on the other hand G tanks is played, the thing is White could play the forcing move bishop tanks 06:43.760 --> 06:50.840 B seven and yeah, these rooks are kind of enclosed in after rook takes these things, but Queen C seven 06:50.840 --> 06:52.580 does actually flatten. 06:53.930 --> 06:57.020 Bishop takes C three sometimes. 06:57.020 --> 06:58.520 So let's have a look at this. 06:58.760 --> 07:06.540 Sometimes if, for example, Queen D2 might see five and now there's a big threat of Bishop saying C4 07:06.660 --> 07:07.850 94. 07:08.180 --> 07:12.470 So this is about even actually it's not that bad for Black Knight. 07:12.470 --> 07:20.600 Take C two here because let's say Bishop after the bishop the effect of Bishop F2 is be able to take 07:20.600 --> 07:22.520 on C free to pen the night. 07:22.520 --> 07:24.710 So let's assume Knight takes C two instead. 07:24.710 --> 07:34.280 Here Knight take C5, B takes route St's A6 this is just even and basically this is not desirable for 07:34.280 --> 07:35.960 Karpov really either. 07:35.960 --> 07:37.160 He needs to play for a win. 07:37.160 --> 07:39.620 So anyway, just for the record. 07:40.580 --> 07:40.910 Yeah. 07:40.940 --> 07:43.520 G Tanks was played on he takes it does seem. 07:43.520 --> 07:48.710 Yeah, you might as well use the rooks and not worry too much about the D5 square. 07:48.860 --> 07:55.490 Yeah, this does seem like an interesting position for Black just using that E4 pressure. 07:55.490 --> 07:58.010 And there's other aspects to make use of here. 07:58.250 --> 07:59.990 Okay, so moving on. 07:59.990 --> 08:02.360 G tanks was played on percent. 08:02.930 --> 08:08.930 Knight takes F6 and this is interesting Black has that semi-open foal now which could be a lot of fun 08:09.380 --> 08:22.520 Rook Geoffrey if Bishop takes B6 this position with A5 looks as though White has a clear advantage. 08:22.520 --> 08:25.010 That's like grabbing a pawn and consolidating it. 08:25.010 --> 08:29.780 But there is a slight issue with Bishop takes B6. 08:30.530 --> 08:31.940 Can you see what that is for? 08:31.940 --> 08:32.750 Five points? 08:35.530 --> 08:37.900 Yeah, Black could play instead of Queen. 08:37.920 --> 08:40.360 Be a black could play G4. 08:40.810 --> 08:45.280 So if Bishop takes C7 here, this possession is interesting. 08:45.280 --> 08:51.900 It gets a bit chaotic, but it turns out yeah, once still got a small edge one. 08:51.900 --> 08:53.140 It should have perhaps played this. 08:53.140 --> 08:58.750 This is the way you cash out to this end game and it should be a small edge for Wayne. 08:59.560 --> 09:03.760 So yeah, Bishop takes B6, perhaps should have been played here. 09:03.760 --> 09:08.980 But Rook Geoffrey, we have Rook have seven and now Bishop takes B6 here. 09:08.980 --> 09:10.330 It's rather different. 09:10.330 --> 09:11.470 Queen B ain't. 09:14.140 --> 09:16.690 And we have the bishop, Efraim. 09:16.720 --> 09:23.380 The thing is, if a five here, there's no take five and we're looking at G for an F for for is just 09:23.380 --> 09:24.940 an even position here. 09:25.360 --> 09:26.470 Black has. 09:28.620 --> 09:29.660 Interesting play. 09:29.700 --> 09:30.870 Enough for the pawn. 09:31.050 --> 09:38.820 So anyway, Bishop e freehand knighthood five Rook g4 Knight of thanks a bit of playing until rook h4 09:40.470 --> 09:42.030 so an interesting position. 09:43.370 --> 09:49.460 Export is a pawn down and he creates kind of chaos and mayhem with this next move. 09:49.490 --> 09:52.880 Can you say what it is for ten points? 09:52.880 --> 09:56.630 And he's grabbing an attacking ingredient, a bishop without a counterpart. 09:56.660 --> 09:58.520 So he had this bishop with that counterpart. 09:59.180 --> 10:06.040 That would be cool because it has kind of weakened the king and it has weak dark squares in principle. 10:06.050 --> 10:12.680 So there's an investment made here for an attacking ingredient with G5 sacking another pawn. 10:13.850 --> 10:21.260 So if takes is played if roll cage free the knight G4 and just taking out E4 and taking out F4 is great 10:21.260 --> 10:24.020 for black getting that bishop out the counterpart. 10:24.800 --> 10:33.200 So anyway it's paid for with this double two points down but Knight G G4 and he's going to get a pawn 10:33.200 --> 10:38.360 back anyway so it's only back to one pawn because after 9/10 three queen. 10:38.360 --> 10:39.110 Thanks. 10:40.800 --> 10:41.760 E free. 10:42.810 --> 10:45.720 So nine takes C two and that undermines be free. 10:45.720 --> 10:50.130 Now we have so it's only a pawn down. 10:50.310 --> 10:56.220 But this bishop without a counterpart looks really powerful and once King looks a little bit weak. 10:57.120 --> 11:02.640 So here queen bee sex is played to try and neutralize this B file. 11:02.640 --> 11:06.000 But Bishop ain't welcoming the exchange of queens. 11:07.590 --> 11:09.390 And now a huge mistake is made. 11:09.390 --> 11:10.890 Rook tanks D six. 11:13.670 --> 11:14.720 This is a huge mistake. 11:14.720 --> 11:17.500 Queen saying Spain's rule takes though. 11:17.510 --> 11:20.540 I mean this would just be even. 11:20.540 --> 11:25.050 And Trump doesn't want this because a draw means he loses the match. 11:25.070 --> 11:33.320 So Brooke takes these six is really unfortunate to be played, though, because it is actually immediately 11:34.070 --> 11:37.370 it's really bad, Brooke, before game is played. 11:38.660 --> 11:41.900 And how does the queen hang on to the rook? 11:41.900 --> 11:48.320 We have Queen takes assets and it looks absolutely lucrative to take on, be free, but play the position 11:48.320 --> 11:53.720 to respect each individual position for the opportunities afforded and you might find an even stronger 11:53.720 --> 11:55.520 move them rook takes be free. 11:55.550 --> 11:57.560 Can you see what that is for ten points? 11:57.770 --> 12:01.190 We've got to respect the individual positions on their own merits. 12:03.450 --> 12:05.880 Even if you fought this just to win, be free. 12:05.880 --> 12:09.990 But there is actually a move, which is the immediate knockout blow, it seems. 12:09.990 --> 12:10.560 Here. 12:11.520 --> 12:12.270 Can you see? 12:16.140 --> 12:20.370 You know, it would have been night before because where does the queen go? 12:20.400 --> 12:21.660 It has to leave D6. 12:21.660 --> 12:23.010 And thanks very much. 12:23.010 --> 12:25.740 There's no Queen D free here to protect the rook. 12:25.740 --> 12:28.590 So this is just winning a rook in broad daylight. 12:28.590 --> 12:30.090 It's a high stress game. 12:30.090 --> 12:31.350 This this final game. 12:31.680 --> 12:32.580 So, Rook, thanks. 12:32.580 --> 12:33.990 B3 is played though. 12:33.990 --> 12:34.950 That's still good. 12:34.950 --> 12:35.550 Rook taste. 12:35.550 --> 12:36.990 E Thanks, Rook. 12:36.990 --> 12:37.260 Thanks. 12:37.260 --> 12:50.100 B 293 was also nice hair this position with rook Thanks B2 is strong for black black his material up 12:50.100 --> 12:57.210 here so you might as you might suspect variations is all good for black now so rook thanks B2 we have 12:57.210 --> 12:58.350 Queen C4. 12:58.740 --> 13:04.080 Okay so there's a nasty double check and yeah which has to be addressed. 13:05.010 --> 13:13.560 Double check and mate so King H eight Now in this position Karpov plays a terrible mistake E5 at least 13:13.560 --> 13:15.060 from a technical perspective. 13:15.060 --> 13:19.350 So E5 it seems may, you know, it seems to have a positional basis. 13:19.350 --> 13:20.640 Just lock in this Bishop. 13:20.970 --> 13:29.520 But it turns out here the forcing sequences are quite interesting to consider with either rook thanks 13:29.640 --> 13:32.430 e8 check or. 13:33.770 --> 13:34.850 G six. 13:37.650 --> 13:39.520 So let's look at both here. 13:39.570 --> 13:44.940 So why did have Robotaxi eight check Queen taxi. 13:45.150 --> 13:50.610 And now when it looks as though Hold on, you know, black is material up here. 13:50.640 --> 13:53.790 The thing is, there are some major dangers. 13:54.150 --> 13:56.550 Dee One hits the rock, whereas the Rock Gang. 13:59.030 --> 14:02.990 Look, if the rook goes simply to be eight, one could just take on sea two. 14:02.990 --> 14:09.020 And there are still some dangers here involving if I'm looking at seven white and she has a small edge 14:09.020 --> 14:09.440 there. 14:09.770 --> 14:14.540 So if that's the case, Black could try Knight a free to the queen, though. 14:14.930 --> 14:19.100 But this position then say Rook two. 14:19.130 --> 14:26.480 It turns out, you know, G6 is pretty dangerous here because this back row, the rook is not defending 14:26.480 --> 14:27.530 the back row. 14:27.980 --> 14:30.920 So it's too dangerous to take the queen the eight check. 14:32.340 --> 14:35.070 That would be really embarrassing. 14:36.390 --> 14:37.230 Was planning to. 14:37.920 --> 14:39.000 Plans collapsing. 14:40.020 --> 14:46.830 So given that's the case same age sex but it still has a forcing sequences. 14:46.830 --> 14:48.840 But remember Karpov, he needed to win. 14:48.840 --> 14:52.830 So if if this is just ending in a draw, it's no good. 14:52.830 --> 14:55.470 You know what was going to win the match anyway? 14:55.470 --> 15:01.410 If this is an even possession, which it seems to me, then this path would win the match anyway. 15:02.070 --> 15:03.370 But that's where Brooke takes the cake. 15:03.420 --> 15:06.630 Just from a technical perspective, Yeah, if I was a terrible mistake. 15:06.630 --> 15:06.960 So. 15:06.960 --> 15:07.500 Rook, Thanks. 15:07.500 --> 15:17.490 E It does seem as though this position is very, very tricky for Black to actually win decisively. 15:19.260 --> 15:24.060 But on the other hand, it's still going to be match winning if it's just about equal. 15:24.300 --> 15:27.990 There's also this G6 here. 15:29.130 --> 15:34.830 And the thing is, this position with H sex white can force things of rook tense queen takes the eight 15:35.490 --> 15:44.580 and 91 in this position so what does that rook go If the rook goes back to b4, let's say the rock goes 15:44.580 --> 15:52.950 to b4, then here Queen takes C to Queen. 15:52.950 --> 15:57.660 Thanks G6, This is again an even possession. 15:58.470 --> 15:59.250 Now. 15:59.820 --> 16:07.710 So yes, from a kind of technical point of view, E5 is a mistake, but you know, it still would be 16:07.710 --> 16:14.610 happy with withdrawal, but E5 means it's now absolutely winning for black. 16:14.640 --> 16:23.010 This gives black this one move here gives black time for counter punches now against the white position. 16:24.150 --> 16:25.530 So we see now. 16:26.350 --> 16:27.490 A counterpunch. 16:27.910 --> 16:29.410 Why don't you think that is? 16:32.930 --> 16:33.590 Okay. 16:36.430 --> 16:37.670 For 100 points. 16:38.440 --> 16:39.580 It's actually. 16:40.710 --> 16:42.000 Queen 87 check. 16:44.100 --> 16:45.660 And we have king Each one. 16:47.890 --> 16:56.020 Bishop takes G2 check and this puts the king in line with that rook on the seventh rank. 16:56.200 --> 16:58.760 So, in fact, Black's first of the punch here. 16:58.780 --> 17:02.650 There's no it's not about Black's back rank or G6 anymore. 17:02.680 --> 17:04.270 It's just to slow all of that night. 17:04.270 --> 17:10.150 The phone check is a discovered chat and it's winning that rook on E6 in many variations now. 17:10.190 --> 17:13.750 White had to resign if King if one. 17:13.750 --> 17:20.440 We can actually also play queen f7 seven even stronger than take on E6 take the queen there but otherwise 17:21.310 --> 17:26.320 on king G3 cage free cash one We're just taking on E6 in all cases. 17:26.710 --> 17:28.800 In all three cases that were just taking on E6. 17:28.810 --> 17:29.530 No problem. 17:29.740 --> 17:30.100 Yeah. 17:30.130 --> 17:31.870 G6 is not a problem. 17:31.870 --> 17:39.230 Now this diagonals lots we can play move like h6 on G6 so you know it's not a problem anymore. 17:39.250 --> 17:47.320 So yes, Karpov was in a bad way at the start of this game, having to win a game against Garry Kasparov, 17:47.350 --> 17:53.830 changing his openings and not really being aligned to that kind of aggressive, macho, attacking chess 17:53.830 --> 17:54.220 style. 17:54.250 --> 18:01.000 Karpov is more the positional python strangulating opponents, preferring to not take any risks. 18:01.000 --> 18:04.620 So he was kind of forced to take risks and he pretty. 18:04.930 --> 18:07.750 Yeah, it seems as though it was very difficult. 18:07.750 --> 18:11.170 Complex positions murky and. 18:11.920 --> 18:17.620 As we say, you know, sometimes it's only a small edge If he had played aggressive caveman moves anyway. 18:17.740 --> 18:22.320 So, yes, a dramatic end to the game on 94, Chuck. 18:22.570 --> 18:26.350 So, yes, what again, what a roller coaster ride. 18:26.620 --> 18:30.280 Such a tense match in 1995 between these two. 18:30.520 --> 18:35.170 So this enabled off to hold the crown for another year. 18:35.530 --> 18:39.700 And Karpov used his contract to do a rematch the next year. 18:40.090 --> 18:40.870 Okay. 18:41.160 --> 18:42.310 Hope you enjoyed this game. 18:43.310 --> 18:43.970 Not so much.