WEBVTT 00:00.950 --> 00:01.880 Hi there. 00:02.240 --> 00:09.260 In this lecture, we see Henry Edward Burns playing against Paul Morphy in 1858, a casual game E4 from 00:09.260 --> 00:09.500 Bird. 00:09.500 --> 00:16.280 We have E5 for Morphy nine to have 3d6d for and now a very aggressive F five. 00:16.730 --> 00:22.970 This is a very aggressive treatment of the Philidor defense, and I believe this is what was actually 00:22.970 --> 00:26.890 originally intended by Philidor to attack the center quite early with F5. 00:26.900 --> 00:30.440 So 93 is played if it takes five. 00:30.440 --> 00:37.310 This is a critical test E for this night G5 If Bishop takes F5, a very good move. 00:37.310 --> 00:43.550 Here is the Knight C3 one of my favorite moves actually, you know, hitting E4 and keeping, you know 00:43.690 --> 00:55.370 D five as well online d5 if D5 here from black F 396 F times e4 and this is just horrible that pressure 00:55.370 --> 01:05.450 on E4 is horrible if H6 Yeah, White's just doing very well here after he takes five H takes G5 Black's 01:05.450 --> 01:12.740 pawns are pretty shattered Queenie to check and here White could get a very very comfortable position 01:12.740 --> 01:14.060 holding on to F5. 01:14.060 --> 01:18.200 So it's not entirely sound, but it was just casual game so. 01:18.590 --> 01:21.350 And opening free wasn't that developed anyway? 01:21.530 --> 01:27.350 If we look at this again with Queen E seven as Bishop's C4, that's very strong. 01:27.770 --> 01:34.730 If going to have sex one could console kingside and in this position whites could actually exploit the 01:34.730 --> 01:39.140 black king still being in the center with knight G tanks E4. 01:39.440 --> 01:41.390 So this was a rocky one. 01:42.110 --> 01:42.470 Yeah. 01:42.470 --> 01:46.790 This would be quite unpleasant for black ones getting a nice advantage here. 01:47.030 --> 01:56.180 So anyway, C4 is played which isn't a critical test and four takes E4, nine say C4 now D5 nine G3 01:56.180 --> 01:56.930 and now E4. 01:56.930 --> 01:59.870 Black's actually getting quite an aggressive pawn center. 01:59.900 --> 02:05.750 This is a good ingredient of attacking chess, this aggressive pawn chain quite often. 02:06.710 --> 02:13.700 Nine E5 and so Knight's F6 that's addressing the immediate Queen H5 check issue as well as developing 02:13.700 --> 02:19.610 a piece Bishop G5, Bishop D six and now an overindulgence move 19 five. 02:19.610 --> 02:20.570 It's a mistake. 02:20.930 --> 02:23.570 White should have just played Bishop E too. 02:24.680 --> 02:31.130 And for example, this position where both sides console kingside white should have very little to fear 02:31.130 --> 02:31.700 here. 02:32.320 --> 02:34.390 This is about even this position. 02:34.390 --> 02:42.160 But in the game with 19 inch five now here, Paul Morphy consoles Kingside Queen D2. 02:42.190 --> 02:47.200 So preparing an opposite side Castling game Queen eight and now G4. 02:48.340 --> 02:54.730 So this is tricky for White's this underpinning move and also putting pressure on E5 is very, very 02:54.730 --> 02:55.150 tricky. 02:55.150 --> 02:57.730 So yeah, White's had to compromise. 02:58.240 --> 03:03.140 If Bishop takes f6 G tanks, White could try the trick. 03:03.160 --> 03:05.080 Knight takes F6, but it doesn't work. 03:05.300 --> 03:06.340 This knight takes f6. 03:06.340 --> 03:08.530 Champ Rook takes F6 Queen G5. 03:08.800 --> 03:12.790 There's Rook G6 there and black is with material advantage. 03:14.110 --> 03:17.860 It doesn't matter about D5 dropping off black still with material advantage. 03:17.920 --> 03:24.400 If Knight g3 instead C5 is actually interesting to try and undermine E5 more. 03:24.460 --> 03:32.830 And in this position C tank C takes 96 trying to undermine E5 more and White could try this pin, but 03:32.830 --> 03:41.260 here Queen E6 is strong actually and black has to severe pressure on E5 White's in trouble because of 03:41.260 --> 03:42.160 the E5. 03:42.430 --> 03:45.680 If Knight if Knight takes C6, this doesn't help. 03:45.700 --> 03:46.720 B tanks. 03:46.900 --> 03:52.720 Black's got really dominating position and if Bishop takes C6, that will just kind of lose Black's 03:52.720 --> 03:54.250 now threatening Bishop before. 03:54.580 --> 04:03.340 If Bishop aim for bishop before pinning the Queen and if castling queenside bishop b4 and then Bishop 04:03.340 --> 04:05.110 a6 this is too strong. 04:06.470 --> 04:09.890 Yeah, whites already kind of absolutely crushed. 04:10.100 --> 04:14.180 And of course, then Kingside Bishop takes G4 a leaving C6 hanging. 04:14.570 --> 04:18.800 So, yes, these all of these variations indicate Black's doing really well now. 04:18.980 --> 04:19.430 So. 04:19.430 --> 04:22.560 G4 concession 9/10 g4. 04:22.580 --> 04:25.340 9/10 G4 Queen Thanks. 04:25.340 --> 04:25.870 H5. 04:25.880 --> 04:29.330 So yes, this is an undermining tactic. 04:29.990 --> 04:30.500 Very clever. 04:30.500 --> 04:31.850 Undermining tactic. 04:32.240 --> 04:35.630 So Black has won a pawn. 04:38.770 --> 04:42.290 And we have now still pressure on E5. 04:42.310 --> 04:44.140 Bishop E to the Queen goes to H. 04:44.140 --> 04:45.880 Free hair parks on H free. 04:46.540 --> 04:50.000 We have Knights 8c6b tanks, Bishop E free. 04:50.260 --> 04:51.380 And I wrote the Yanks. 04:51.400 --> 04:54.370 So now we have an opposite side castling scenario. 04:54.400 --> 04:57.920 It's a bit of an extreme game example for opposite side castling. 04:57.940 --> 05:03.670 So in general, if White's given opportunity, Black does have a number of good moves here. 05:03.700 --> 05:09.640 Black is technically better, but in in principle you could say say, Oh, well, maybe white can build 05:09.640 --> 05:10.730 up some sort of attack. 05:10.750 --> 05:14.800 It's not that easy here to use that G phone. 05:15.100 --> 05:22.660 And quite often the opposite side castling games are about a race to attack the opponent's kings because 05:22.960 --> 05:29.770 you know, you don't mind pawn moves because your king's not over that you know or basically you can 05:29.770 --> 05:35.110 attack on that side of the board more freely because your king's not being so severely weakened so they 05:35.110 --> 05:38.170 can lead to violent clashes. 05:38.170 --> 05:43.380 And here there's a move which speeds up Black's attacking potential which might not be the most accurate 05:43.390 --> 05:50.200 according to engine's computer says no the computer move would be a move like Bishop G4 trying to weaken 05:50.200 --> 05:52.780 these squares that are already kind of weak. 05:52.810 --> 05:58.810 And that's kind of playing the position, but that's a bit boring sometimes you don't just want to play 05:59.260 --> 05:59.920 the position. 05:59.920 --> 06:02.200 You know this, it is playing the position. 06:02.200 --> 06:08.770 Black is banner and there's no problem with the Queen parking on her friend seems here and black cards 06:08.770 --> 06:15.160 even try and target the attacking pawns So this position black is actually sitting quite well. 06:16.330 --> 06:20.170 That's the way it's playing, but it's not as interesting as what happens. 06:20.170 --> 06:22.240 What makes this an iconic game. 06:24.160 --> 06:25.140 Is this next move? 06:25.150 --> 06:27.130 Maybe you've seen this for 200 points. 06:27.130 --> 06:28.180 What would you play here? 06:38.480 --> 06:43.750 It's interesting to note that the rookies are in B two, so there's half of like a recipe for killer 06:43.760 --> 06:45.320 common squares potentially. 06:46.160 --> 06:47.920 We have root takes F two. 06:47.930 --> 06:48.620 Yes. 06:48.800 --> 06:54.740 Trying to get the queen to a very aggressive square, I guess which square for 200 points. 06:54.770 --> 06:58.070 So that has opened up that third rank here. 06:58.610 --> 07:00.350 So, yes, Queen a free. 07:00.380 --> 07:01.490 What a beautiful move. 07:01.940 --> 07:03.440 C free is played. 07:04.990 --> 07:10.300 If B thinks the thing is the bishop takes a phrase, chap made slight snags. 07:10.300 --> 07:12.430 So that's one of the key points. 07:12.430 --> 07:20.620 So see for his played if Queen Sifry was played instead, then Quinn takes a to this position as bishop 07:20.620 --> 07:23.200 before the king is not escaping that that lightly. 07:24.040 --> 07:25.570 So that's that's horrible. 07:26.890 --> 07:35.890 If rook dg one rook b two is possible and Bishop four check is vicious because that's going to drag 07:35.890 --> 07:37.270 the king away from the queen. 07:38.260 --> 07:41.950 So yes, C is a good option in the circumstances. 07:41.950 --> 07:45.060 Queen takes A2 and they'll be four. 07:46.450 --> 07:51.820 If C4 had been playing Queen a one shank and then Queen B2 is checkmate. 07:52.870 --> 07:56.020 So b4 we have Queen A1 check. 07:57.470 --> 07:58.940 King, C2 Queen. 07:58.970 --> 08:01.110 A4 Check another King B2. 08:01.130 --> 08:06.390 This is a bad move, it seems, with King C one that would have been more resistance, a bit murky. 08:06.410 --> 08:10.580 In fact, this has been a subject of huge debate over many, many years. 08:11.150 --> 08:13.200 You know, did Black actually have a force to win? 08:13.320 --> 08:14.030 You know, if King. 08:14.030 --> 08:15.310 C1 Yeah. 08:15.320 --> 08:26.990 A5 It looks very scary these scenarios and it seems as though blacks should get an advantage in this 08:26.990 --> 08:27.830 variation. 08:28.160 --> 08:31.400 But it's not quite, you know, chap mating. 08:31.520 --> 08:34.340 It's, it's scary for whites. 08:35.960 --> 08:40.160 There's a lot of analysis that that can be made of these situations. 08:40.910 --> 08:44.960 But basically King C1 would have been a better prospect. 08:46.390 --> 08:50.090 A5 is probably one of the top tries. 08:50.780 --> 08:56.750 There are other tries Queen a one shank, but this just is a quality draw by repetition. 08:57.110 --> 09:06.990 Bishop F5 is a trying, but then this situation isn't so clear here, even if the Queen is one. 09:07.010 --> 09:11.880 One has a lot of pieces now and it looks as though black might have a small edge. 09:11.900 --> 09:14.810 Okay, but let's go with the game continuation. 09:14.810 --> 09:17.960 So King B2 is a bad mistake. 09:17.990 --> 09:19.460 So what happens here? 09:19.490 --> 09:22.910 Well, yeah, this is really about relative king safety. 09:22.910 --> 09:25.070 While all this is happening to White's king. 09:25.310 --> 09:28.160 Black's king is super snug and safe. 09:28.610 --> 09:34.340 So we have Bishop takes b4 the ability to sacrifice pieces to try and expose the king is the important 09:34.340 --> 09:40.840 and attacking ingredients exposure of king doing what it takes basically to expose the opponent's king. 09:40.850 --> 09:44.580 If that's sacrificing lots of material, that's sacrificing lots of material. 09:44.600 --> 09:47.450 If Queen takes B4, well, that was the game. 09:47.450 --> 09:50.420 If King one rather queen a one check. 09:50.420 --> 09:52.840 And in here Queen B2 is checkmate. 09:52.850 --> 09:57.020 So Queen takes b4, Queen takes b4 check King C two. 09:57.020 --> 10:05.000 Another move now which is prepared to sacrifice the foe to get the Queen not just by herself, but complementing 10:05.000 --> 10:05.950 this piece. 10:05.960 --> 10:08.150 So I hope you spot this next move for ten points. 10:08.150 --> 10:09.230 What would you play here? 10:13.670 --> 10:14.140 Okay. 10:14.180 --> 10:14.690 E Frey. 10:14.690 --> 10:15.050 Yes. 10:15.050 --> 10:16.670 Gives the bishop a five. 10:17.300 --> 10:24.080 So Bishop and five check now and now rook D free If Bishop D free the power of the pen piece or pawn 10:24.080 --> 10:25.070 is illusionary. 10:25.340 --> 10:27.290 So we play for ten points. 10:27.290 --> 10:31.400 Yeah, we play Queen C for check and then take out D three. 10:31.670 --> 10:39.140 So rook d free we have now Queen C -- queen I to check Queen B one check. 10:39.140 --> 10:40.220 And this ends the game. 10:40.220 --> 10:43.190 If King D two queen takes H one. 10:43.760 --> 10:50.300 So yes, this is really an extreme example of opposite side castling where y really didn't get much 10:50.300 --> 10:52.670 play against the black King at all. 10:52.700 --> 10:58.550 There was a bit of a disaster opening introduction to this game where Black was clearly better in this 10:58.550 --> 11:00.920 position and didn't need to be so brilliant. 11:00.920 --> 11:05.690 Actually, so Black didn't need to have this brilliant move, but it did. 11:05.690 --> 11:13.040 You know, we have this celebrated masterpiece instead because of the kind of outrageous looking rook 11:13.040 --> 11:13.720 takes after. 11:13.760 --> 11:16.610 That's what makes games much more memorable. 11:16.610 --> 11:25.010 How outrageous and daring they are and beautiful, really, to swing the Queen across. 11:25.010 --> 11:32.480 So, yes, one interesting aspect of this game is its good in opposite side castling games. 11:32.480 --> 11:38.930 If you get all the action before your king is exposed, that kind of virtual race between the two armies 11:38.930 --> 11:40.520 is interesting to consider. 11:40.520 --> 11:46.880 And do you have what it takes in opposite side castling games to open up the lines, to sacrifice, 11:46.880 --> 11:48.680 to try and expose the opponent's king? 11:49.070 --> 11:52.340 Okay, I hope you enjoyed this game example. 11:52.610 --> 11:53.420 That's very much.