WEBVTT 00:00.080 --> 00:03.260 This is now step two for this final project. 00:03.260 --> 00:06.290 And in this step we are going to focus on the camera. 00:06.290 --> 00:12.020 So we're going to set up the camera and take a photo when the movement has been detected here. 00:12.020 --> 00:13.340 So we already have the print. 00:13.340 --> 00:18.680 So after this print in this if we're just going to take a photo because we know this logic is already 00:18.680 --> 00:19.910 working correctly. 00:19.910 --> 00:26.690 So what I'm going to do is I'm going to do file save as and I'm going to name it Project step two. 00:27.350 --> 00:27.590 Okay. 00:27.620 --> 00:29.870 And I'm going to start from this. 00:29.870 --> 00:35.180 So we already have here I've already organized it with the global variables. 00:35.180 --> 00:38.330 And then we set up the gpios I'm going to put s here. 00:38.330 --> 00:41.120 And we are also going to set up the camera. 00:41.120 --> 00:43.010 So for example we can do it here. 00:43.550 --> 00:46.100 Let's do setup camera. 00:46.490 --> 00:48.410 You could do it before or after the Gpio. 00:48.500 --> 00:49.880 It doesn't really matter. 00:50.060 --> 00:52.220 And let's do this. 00:52.220 --> 00:59.210 So let's import from PyCharm zero import camera. 00:59.210 --> 01:00.670 And then we can do here. 01:00.760 --> 01:01.720 Camera. 01:02.560 --> 01:03.340 Let's create a camera. 01:03.340 --> 01:06.970 Variable is equal to camera. 01:07.660 --> 01:11.380 Then I'm going to give the settings camera dot. 01:12.460 --> 01:21.460 Still size is equal to and tuple with 1036 and 864. 01:21.460 --> 01:24.730 So this will depend on the version you have. 01:24.760 --> 01:28.030 Okay so that's for the version three of the camera. 01:28.030 --> 01:31.540 But if you have another one maybe you will need another resolution. 01:31.540 --> 01:34.870 So you can go back to the section on cameras for more information. 01:34.870 --> 01:45.850 And I'm also going to do camera dot flip camera because my camera is upside down with v flip through 01:45.850 --> 01:48.610 and H flip. 01:48.610 --> 01:51.100 So vertical flip and horizontal flip. 01:52.090 --> 01:54.610 And then just in case I'm going to do time. 01:54.610 --> 01:56.320 So I already imported time here. 01:56.320 --> 02:00.590 So I will do time dot sleep two seconds. 02:00.620 --> 02:00.950 Okay. 02:00.980 --> 02:09.470 Make sure that everything is correctly set up and then print camera setup. 02:10.430 --> 02:11.210 Okay. 02:11.210 --> 02:13.490 So you can see I do camera setup. 02:13.520 --> 02:13.910 Okay. 02:13.910 --> 02:15.620 And then Gpio setup okay. 02:15.650 --> 02:18.860 So then when I start the Python program I can see the camera. 02:18.890 --> 02:19.190 Okay. 02:19.220 --> 02:23.570 Maybe if I get an error after this means that the error is on the Gpio. 02:23.600 --> 02:23.960 Okay. 02:23.990 --> 02:30.620 So I can see better if the initialization is correct and if not where the error is. 02:30.650 --> 02:30.920 Okay. 02:30.950 --> 02:34.010 So we have our camera which is ready to take some pictures. 02:34.010 --> 02:37.910 But now what I'm going to do is I'm going to create a folder. 02:37.940 --> 02:38.180 Okay. 02:38.210 --> 02:41.180 We're going to save those pictures inside a folder. 02:41.210 --> 02:43.250 I'm going to add a new variable here. 02:43.670 --> 02:45.260 I'm going to name camera. 02:46.490 --> 02:47.420 Camera. 02:49.490 --> 02:50.270 Folder. 02:51.410 --> 02:52.250 Path. 02:52.820 --> 02:58.040 And once again I use all uppercase because this is not something I want to modify later. 02:58.070 --> 02:59.690 It's just something I create here. 02:59.720 --> 02:59.960 Okay. 03:00.010 --> 03:02.260 And we just use it as it is. 03:02.260 --> 03:06.550 So by using uppercase I kind of make it a constant variable. 03:06.580 --> 03:07.930 It's not a constant variable. 03:07.960 --> 03:13.450 Technically you could modify it, but at least I know that I should try not to modify it later on. 03:13.480 --> 03:17.200 Okay, so it's a good way to not mess your program later on. 03:17.200 --> 03:20.800 So Camera Folder path is going to be home slash pie. 03:20.830 --> 03:22.720 Let's use our home directory. 03:22.750 --> 03:23.290 Okay. 03:23.290 --> 03:31.330 And let's create a folder named Photos Final Project. 03:31.330 --> 03:33.580 You can create any folder you want. 03:33.910 --> 03:34.900 It doesn't really matter here. 03:34.900 --> 03:36.160 It's the one I have chosen. 03:36.160 --> 03:41.110 And I'm going to create this folder just well just when I initialize the camera, okay. 03:41.140 --> 03:42.040 At the same time. 03:42.040 --> 03:46.360 And to do this I will first need to check if this folder doesn't exist. 03:46.360 --> 03:48.130 Then I'm going to create it. 03:48.160 --> 03:48.670 Okay. 03:48.670 --> 03:51.070 So I will need to import. 03:53.290 --> 03:54.010 OS. 03:54.010 --> 04:08.430 And with the OS module I can do if not OS dot path dot exists and with the camera folder path, then 04:08.430 --> 04:16.050 I do OS dot mkdir to create the folder with camera folder path. 04:16.050 --> 04:18.750 So I check if it doesn't exist. 04:18.750 --> 04:21.000 Then I create it as simple as that. 04:21.000 --> 04:24.480 And that's going to be it for the initialization of the camera. 04:24.510 --> 04:25.800 I can already test that. 04:25.800 --> 04:29.820 So let's do Ctrl s and let's go back here. 04:30.120 --> 04:33.570 I'm going to check also with my file manager in my home directory. 04:33.570 --> 04:39.180 You see I don't have any folder named what was the name photos final project. 04:39.180 --> 04:40.770 So I don't have any folder here. 04:41.130 --> 04:44.700 I'm going to start this actually step one. 04:44.700 --> 04:49.320 So make sure that also when you save as a new file you also run the new one. 04:50.460 --> 04:59.890 So python3 project step two and you see camera setup okay Gpio setup. 04:59.920 --> 05:02.020 Okay I'm going to stop. 05:02.020 --> 05:06.310 And you see now we should have this photos final project. 05:06.310 --> 05:07.390 So we have the folder. 05:07.420 --> 05:07.840 Great. 05:07.870 --> 05:10.150 Now we can save inside this folder. 05:11.170 --> 05:13.270 So I'm going to go back here. 05:13.270 --> 05:17.470 And here what I print I'm going to leave this print okay. 05:17.500 --> 05:20.200 Taking a photo and sending it by email. 05:20.200 --> 05:21.970 And I'm gonna take a photo here. 05:21.970 --> 05:27.430 But instead of taking a photo right here, what I can do is create a function, okay. 05:27.430 --> 05:35.230 And I'm going to create a function here at the beginning of the program def take photo. 05:36.070 --> 05:38.320 And what arguments do we need here. 05:38.320 --> 05:41.710 So to take a photo we will create a file name. 05:41.710 --> 05:46.930 And to create the file name we will need to have the well the base the folder path here. 05:46.930 --> 05:51.160 So we're going to start with this and then add something for the file name. 05:51.160 --> 05:55.090 And what we've done before is that for example you create this variable. 05:55.090 --> 05:57.400 Then you create the function afterwards. 05:57.430 --> 06:00.520 And you use the global variable inside the function. 06:00.520 --> 06:06.100 But what I could also do is to pass the folder path directly inside the function as an argument, so 06:06.100 --> 06:10.330 that I can put this function wherever I can put it at the top of the program. 06:10.360 --> 06:14.590 Okay, it's going to be more modular then I don't need to create a global variable before that. 06:14.590 --> 06:16.600 I can pass it as a parameter. 06:16.600 --> 06:22.570 And the same thing for the camera here, I can just pass the camera as an argument. 06:22.570 --> 06:24.430 So let me show you how to do this. 06:24.430 --> 06:25.900 You will see it quite easy. 06:26.050 --> 06:31.330 So I do camera and then folder path okay. 06:31.330 --> 06:32.470 So that's my function. 06:32.470 --> 06:39.700 And then to call this function I can do here take photo okay. 06:39.730 --> 06:42.040 That's the function I'm calling. 06:42.100 --> 06:46.630 And I need to send it the camera and the folder path. 06:46.630 --> 06:49.300 So the camera is this one okay. 06:49.330 --> 06:53.290 The camera variable and the camera folder path is that one. 06:54.430 --> 06:58.480 So I go back here and I do camera and camera. 06:59.420 --> 07:01.670 folder path. 07:02.630 --> 07:04.490 Let's remove those spaces here. 07:04.580 --> 07:05.000 Okay. 07:05.030 --> 07:11.510 So you can see that we have created our variables here and all the stuff. 07:11.510 --> 07:14.660 So here we still use global variables inside those two functions. 07:14.660 --> 07:18.650 But for the take photo function I put it on the side. 07:18.650 --> 07:19.490 So at the top. 07:19.490 --> 07:22.580 And I just get the camera here as an argument. 07:22.610 --> 07:23.060 Okay. 07:23.090 --> 07:24.200 It's going to work the same. 07:24.200 --> 07:27.140 But this way we can put all our other functions at the top. 07:27.140 --> 07:32.180 And we don't need to worry about having a global variable before that, etc.. 07:32.180 --> 07:40.700 So I will do camera dot take photo and I need to create a file name. 07:40.700 --> 07:42.320 So let's create a file name. 07:43.820 --> 07:47.300 That's going to be what that's going to be the folder path here. 07:49.520 --> 07:51.980 Which is whatever we pass to this function. 07:51.980 --> 08:00.520 So in this case it's going to be that one because that's the one we pass Yeah, but you could also you 08:00.520 --> 08:04.510 see you could also use this function with another path name. 08:04.540 --> 08:04.840 Okay. 08:04.870 --> 08:06.400 So the function is quite modular. 08:06.400 --> 08:07.480 What do we do then. 08:07.510 --> 08:11.170 I'm going to add a slash because here I didn't provide a slash. 08:11.170 --> 08:14.710 And I'm going to name it image underscore. 08:14.710 --> 08:18.970 And also I'm going to add the timestamp so the current time to the image. 08:18.970 --> 08:25.780 So an easy way to create an image that has a unique name every time is just to add the current time 08:25.780 --> 08:29.410 to it, because the current time is always going to increase. 08:29.440 --> 08:29.590 Okay. 08:29.590 --> 08:32.530 So you can see time to time is going to give us something like that. 08:32.530 --> 08:36.910 So that's what we're going to write inside the file name. 08:37.540 --> 08:40.240 So plus time dot time. 08:41.020 --> 08:43.240 And note that this is going to be a number. 08:43.240 --> 08:46.570 So to cast it as a string we do str okay. 08:46.600 --> 08:53.350 Because you cannot concatenate numbers and strings you need to concatenate strings with strings. 08:53.380 --> 08:53.800 Great. 08:53.800 --> 08:56.290 So the image is going to be img. 08:56.500 --> 09:04.400 Underscore The time stamp and we need to do plus dot jpg for the extension. 09:04.400 --> 09:04.970 Then we do. 09:05.000 --> 09:08.300 Camera take photo with file name. 09:08.330 --> 09:08.690 All right. 09:08.720 --> 09:12.830 That's going to take the photo in this folder with this name. 09:13.340 --> 09:19.940 And finally I'm just going to do return file name because that's something we're going to use later. 09:20.210 --> 09:24.200 So here actually take photo is going to return. 09:24.200 --> 09:30.830 So I can save it here as photo file name is equal to take photo. 09:30.830 --> 09:33.110 And I'm going to use that in the next step. 09:33.140 --> 09:33.650 All right. 09:33.650 --> 09:35.210 And that should be it for this step. 09:35.210 --> 09:39.380 So before we test the program let's just do a quick recap here. 09:39.380 --> 09:45.470 I have added this block of code to set up the camera and to create a folder to save the photos. 09:45.500 --> 09:53.090 Then I have also added a function here that takes as an argument the camera and the folder path, so 09:53.090 --> 09:59.680 that it will save a photo using the timestamp here in this folder path and also returns the file name. 09:59.680 --> 10:01.540 And where do we call this? 10:01.570 --> 10:08.290 Well, we call this from here this motion finished function with the logic that we have created in the 10:08.290 --> 10:09.340 last step. 10:09.340 --> 10:14.470 When we are sure that we have spent at least five seconds doing a movement, and that the last photo 10:14.500 --> 10:16.600 was taken at least 30s ago. 10:16.630 --> 10:17.980 Then we can take a new one. 10:17.980 --> 10:21.970 So let's say I'm going to open the terminal. 10:21.970 --> 10:23.560 I'm going to run the program. 10:23.560 --> 10:25.120 So step number two. 10:25.300 --> 10:25.960 Okay. 10:26.110 --> 10:27.340 Let's run. 10:29.560 --> 10:30.010 All right. 10:30.040 --> 10:32.020 Camera setup okay Gpio okay. 10:32.020 --> 10:35.380 And all right let's do some movement. 10:35.380 --> 10:39.370 So it's two seconds but let's do five second one. 10:41.680 --> 10:42.340 Okay. 10:42.340 --> 10:45.820 So seven seconds something taking a photo. 10:46.150 --> 10:47.950 So now let's go back here. 10:47.980 --> 10:50.440 Let's see photos final project. 10:50.440 --> 10:52.660 And we have a new photo okay. 10:52.780 --> 10:54.670 You see the timestamp here. 10:54.670 --> 10:58.440 So we have image and the timestamp stamp, then dot jpg. 10:58.470 --> 11:01.680 So this way we are sure that we have a new file every time. 11:02.460 --> 11:03.720 And the photo. 11:04.500 --> 11:09.090 Okay, well you can see it's quite blurred because I was doing movement just in front of the camera. 11:09.090 --> 11:11.160 But we have the latest photo. 11:11.310 --> 11:14.730 So here I don't really care about the quality of the of the photo. 11:14.730 --> 11:16.320 It's going to be blur every time. 11:16.320 --> 11:21.570 But of course, if you want it to do a real application to use in real life, you would need to find 11:21.570 --> 11:22.920 a nice spot for the camera. 11:22.950 --> 11:23.160 Okay? 11:23.190 --> 11:24.750 And fix the camera somewhere. 11:24.780 --> 11:27.420 Make sure that the quality of the image is good. 11:27.450 --> 11:31.500 Okay, but here we're just going to keep it like this with this small camera cable. 11:31.500 --> 11:33.300 That's going to be enough for this project. 11:33.330 --> 11:33.660 Great. 11:33.660 --> 11:37.140 And if I go back here and what you see we have lots of timers. 11:37.140 --> 11:39.060 I'm going to do another one here. 11:40.170 --> 11:44.820 So five seconds at least okay. 11:44.850 --> 11:46.170 Taking a photo. 11:46.380 --> 11:48.540 So that was at least 30s okay. 11:48.570 --> 11:49.770 Since the last one. 11:50.310 --> 11:53.550 And you see now I have a second photo okay. 11:53.580 --> 11:55.560 So I'm going to have a new photo every time. 11:55.590 --> 11:56.010 Great. 11:56.010 --> 12:02.110 And one thing I could do, because now you see, I have every time this starting timer plus the time, 12:02.110 --> 12:05.230 etc. so what I could do is remove. 12:05.230 --> 12:08.320 I'm not going to remove those, I'm going to comment those. 12:08.350 --> 12:08.980 Okay. 12:09.190 --> 12:15.100 So I'm going to comment the print start timer and the print motion duration here because we know it's 12:15.100 --> 12:16.090 currently working. 12:16.090 --> 12:21.640 I could remove them altogether, but I'm just going to put them as a comment in case you want to test 12:21.640 --> 12:22.810 them again later. 12:22.960 --> 12:27.700 Okay, so I save and now instead of all that if I start again. 12:30.580 --> 12:31.240 Okay. 12:31.240 --> 12:34.660 So you will still have the LED that's powered on. 12:34.660 --> 12:37.180 And then if I do movement for five seconds. 12:37.180 --> 12:41.020 So I'm just going to do movement for five seconds in front of the pier. 12:42.880 --> 12:43.150 Okay. 12:43.150 --> 12:45.190 You see taking a photo and sending it by email. 12:45.190 --> 12:47.320 So we only have this log right. 12:47.320 --> 12:50.350 So having logs like that is good as an intermediate steps. 12:50.350 --> 12:54.310 And then when you no longer need them you can remove them or comment them. 12:54.310 --> 12:56.170 And well that's going to be it for this. 12:56.170 --> 12:57.280 Step number two.