WEBVTT 00:00.080 --> 00:03.470 In this lesson, we will focus on how to get the password. 00:03.470 --> 00:06.410 So the app password in the Python program. 00:06.410 --> 00:11.240 So what do we need to send an email to be able to actually log in and send the email. 00:11.240 --> 00:13.190 We need the email address. 00:13.190 --> 00:16.520 So for me that was the course Raspberry Pi email address. 00:16.520 --> 00:20.390 And we need the app password that we have just generated before now. 00:20.390 --> 00:27.050 The thing is you could do passwords is equal to and just write the app password here in your code. 00:27.050 --> 00:33.200 That would work, but as best practice it's better not to put any password in the code directly. 00:33.200 --> 00:37.880 So here we will do a very simple solution that works for simple applications. 00:37.910 --> 00:42.890 Okay, it's not really the most secure, but it's good enough for simple stuff that you do with your 00:42.890 --> 00:43.550 Raspberry Pi. 00:43.580 --> 00:49.490 So instead of writing the password here, we are going to write it inside a file somewhere, and then 00:49.520 --> 00:52.430 open the file and read the password from the file. 00:52.430 --> 00:54.980 So let's go to the terminal. 00:55.070 --> 00:56.660 You can open a new terminal. 00:56.990 --> 01:03.290 Let's clear that and you go to your home directory and where are we going to put the password. 01:03.290 --> 01:07.160 So for now if I do ls I have my temp file. 01:07.190 --> 01:08.840 So maybe you did the same as me. 01:08.870 --> 01:12.950 Or maybe you just copied the password in a different place. 01:12.950 --> 01:14.210 That's really not a problem. 01:14.240 --> 01:17.210 And in this I have my app password. 01:17.240 --> 01:24.260 Now if I do so I'm going to do ls Dash A to see all the folders and files, including the hidden ones. 01:24.260 --> 01:28.040 And well for example we have a dot local folder here. 01:28.040 --> 01:31.940 So I'm going to go inside this with CD dot local. 01:31.970 --> 01:36.140 I can press tab also and I have a share. 01:36.140 --> 01:39.860 So I'm going to go inside the share okay. 01:39.890 --> 01:42.260 Where I already have some stuff. 01:42.260 --> 01:51.710 And let's say I want to put my password here and I want to name the file dot email password as an example. 01:51.710 --> 01:56.180 So what you can do here, you can create the file with for example touch. 01:56.210 --> 01:58.820 You create the file, then you edit it. 01:58.820 --> 02:06.940 You can directly use nano to edit the file, but here what I will do is I will directly use this file 02:06.940 --> 02:08.290 that we have created here. 02:08.290 --> 02:11.080 So this temp file in our home directory. 02:11.080 --> 02:14.200 And I'm going to move it from there to here. 02:14.230 --> 02:15.010 How to do this. 02:15.040 --> 02:17.110 Well I have the MV command. 02:17.110 --> 02:24.160 And then because I'm already at the destination, I could go back to folders and then use mv temp and 02:24.160 --> 02:25.240 then put the destination. 02:25.240 --> 02:28.240 But I can also do this from the destination. 02:28.240 --> 02:34.150 In this case I will do dot dot dot dot slash temp and I use the Autocompletion. 02:34.180 --> 02:38.680 Okay, because I need to go back one folder, two folders back to the home directory. 02:38.680 --> 02:39.730 And here is the file. 02:39.730 --> 02:44.590 So I want to take this file and copy it right where I am. 02:44.920 --> 02:46.810 If I want to do this I can just do dot. 02:47.020 --> 02:49.090 Dot means the current folder. 02:49.090 --> 02:52.810 And what I can also do is I can rename the file at the same time. 02:52.810 --> 02:58.510 So I'm going to do dot email underscore password I press enter. 02:58.540 --> 03:00.520 Now I have my email password. 03:00.550 --> 03:01.720 Actually, it's a hidden file. 03:01.750 --> 03:03.820 So I need to do a. 03:04.480 --> 03:07.210 You see, I have my email password. 03:07.330 --> 03:08.830 Let's just verify. 03:10.750 --> 03:11.170 Okay. 03:11.170 --> 03:11.710 It's here. 03:11.710 --> 03:14.110 And if I go back to the home directory. 03:14.830 --> 03:17.020 So yeah it's not here anymore. 03:17.050 --> 03:17.350 Okay. 03:17.380 --> 03:23.890 So to recap you go to dot local share and then you create a dot email password file. 03:23.890 --> 03:28.030 And you put the password so the app password inside this. 03:28.030 --> 03:32.050 And then we're going to read this file from the Python script. 03:32.050 --> 03:38.020 So this method is what is better than hardcoding the password in the code for sure. 03:38.020 --> 03:41.860 But still your password is somewhere in the Raspberry Pi okay. 03:41.860 --> 03:43.120 It's not really protected. 03:43.120 --> 03:45.280 So it's fine for small projects, okay. 03:45.310 --> 03:47.950 Or if you are the only one to have access to the Raspberry Pi. 03:47.950 --> 03:52.660 But if you have, let's say if you have a Raspberry Pi in open environment that lots of people can get 03:52.690 --> 03:56.920 access to it, or if you want to do something a bit more professional, then you will need to use a 03:56.920 --> 04:02.310 different way to be able to kind of connect to your Google account to send an email. 04:02.310 --> 04:05.970 And you can use, for example, there's a protocol called OAuth two. 04:06.000 --> 04:11.820 Okay, this is much more complicated, but it is something if you want, you can explore after the course. 04:11.850 --> 04:13.440 For now, this solution is good. 04:13.440 --> 04:18.090 And I would say for simple projects where you know that it's only you who have access to the Raspberry 04:18.090 --> 04:20.940 Pi, nothing bad can happen in any way. 04:20.940 --> 04:23.550 You have used the new Google account. 04:23.580 --> 04:24.810 Okay, not your personal one. 04:24.810 --> 04:29.880 So you have used the new Google account that contains no document, no photo, no files, no email. 04:29.880 --> 04:34.260 So even if there is an issue where the worst case scenario, you don't really lose anything. 04:34.290 --> 04:36.060 All right, now let's go to the Python code. 04:36.060 --> 04:37.920 So I create my password. 04:37.950 --> 04:42.090 Still I'm going to create a password variable with an empty string. 04:42.300 --> 04:45.870 And then I will do with open okay. 04:45.870 --> 04:47.520 So we need to open the file. 04:48.150 --> 04:49.680 And the file is. 04:49.680 --> 05:03.210 So let's put the absolute path slash home slash pi slash dot local slash share slash dot email password. 05:03.570 --> 05:07.920 If you have a doubt, you can go back to the terminal and check that it's the correct path, and then 05:07.920 --> 05:13.200 I will open it with only read permission because I'm not going to write anything, so I just need to 05:13.230 --> 05:13.920 read from it. 05:13.920 --> 05:21.840 And then as f or as file and then I can do password is equal to f dot read. 05:22.230 --> 05:25.470 And that's it because the file only contains the password. 05:25.470 --> 05:28.800 So I put what I read from the file to the password variable. 05:28.800 --> 05:31.050 And note I created a password variable before. 05:31.080 --> 05:36.720 As you can see this is going to be a scope issue because here we are inside a more nested scope. 05:36.720 --> 05:44.310 So if I get the password here and then I try to use it somewhere here, then I might not be able to 05:44.340 --> 05:45.090 get access to it. 05:45.090 --> 05:47.430 So I first create it here. 05:47.430 --> 05:51.420 Then I can use it inside the scope and I can continue to use it afterwards. 05:51.450 --> 05:56.580 And just one thing is that, well, if you ever have. 05:56.580 --> 06:00.800 So you see that we should not have any space at the end. 06:00.830 --> 06:03.620 Here there is a newline character, I think. 06:03.620 --> 06:09.950 But in case you are in doubt, and in case you might have added a space at the end, then the password 06:09.950 --> 06:13.070 is going to contain a space which might produce an error later. 06:13.070 --> 06:18.560 So you can use dots or strip after f dot read. 06:18.590 --> 06:18.980 Okay. 06:19.010 --> 06:24.770 So if you do this on a string because this is going to be a string, if you do a strip on a string, 06:24.770 --> 06:27.560 it's going to remove any trailing character. 06:27.560 --> 06:29.660 And here is going to remove the empty characters. 06:29.660 --> 06:33.170 So the new line, the spaces, etc.. 06:33.200 --> 06:33.680 All right. 06:33.680 --> 06:38.360 And with this we have the password that we can use in the code. 06:38.390 --> 06:40.640 I'm not going to print it here okay. 06:40.670 --> 06:42.530 Not going to print it with Python. 06:42.800 --> 06:45.680 And I encourage you not to print your passwords okay. 06:45.710 --> 06:51.710 When you run some code because well, if you have some logs that can be stored somewhere and you print 06:51.710 --> 06:54.230 the password, then you just give the password in the logs. 06:54.230 --> 06:57.560 And then whoever can read the log can also get your password.