WEBVTT 00:00.180 --> 00:07.200 And now let's discuss the second side of the communication, which is good from your computer to your 00:07.200 --> 00:07.690 Arduino. 00:08.250 --> 00:12.420 This would be very useful when you want to make your program more dynamic. 00:12.900 --> 00:14.580 For example, you want the user. 00:14.580 --> 00:22.440 So, for example, you to give some data or some numbers or some text, etc. to the Alvino while the 00:22.440 --> 00:27.800 program is running so you can modify the behavior of the program on the run. 00:28.410 --> 00:31.080 And so in this lesson, I'm going to show you how to do that. 00:31.610 --> 00:38.670 But first, if you're going to save money but we still have the old program running, well, I'm going 00:38.670 --> 00:41.610 to just remove everything. 00:43.460 --> 00:44.570 So the new program. 00:46.310 --> 00:53.380 But this does nothing to you already know the same way, don't you do that here on this panel, you 00:53.390 --> 00:58.730 will have the text from the original to your computer and you can see that on the top. 00:58.730 --> 01:00.340 Here you have a DA, OK? 01:00.740 --> 01:04.690 And this is where you can send some texts. 01:04.700 --> 01:09.410 So say I said no, I want to send number 12 to my original. 01:09.800 --> 01:14.810 I'm going to write 12 and then press enter on the send button. 01:15.440 --> 01:20.240 And this will send the data from the computer to the audio. 01:21.290 --> 01:22.330 As you can see for now. 01:22.670 --> 01:30.050 Well, nothing happens because simply I haven't told the Alino to actually read the volume. 01:30.280 --> 01:34.070 OK, you can just send volume, but they will not read. 01:34.610 --> 01:35.000 All right. 01:35.030 --> 01:42.330 So now how can we receive insight, know the value that we send from the sale monitor? 01:42.560 --> 01:47.620 So the first step you should do, of course, is to initialize the site communication. 01:47.630 --> 01:54.430 So when you do say the IT initializes the communication for both sending data and receiving data. 01:54.780 --> 01:58.280 Now, what I'm going to do, I'm going to do this in the loop. 01:58.310 --> 02:05.030 OK, so we can continuously check if we have new data available to know if you have data. 02:05.030 --> 02:12.590 Actually, you have a function from the sale library sale that the label and you can see it. 02:13.190 --> 02:13.700 All right. 02:13.800 --> 02:14.030 OK. 02:14.590 --> 02:17.600 Of course, with parentheses, they are not the variable. 02:17.600 --> 02:24.600 We give you a number and this number corresponds to the number of bytes that are ready to be read. 02:25.160 --> 02:29.180 So now it's quite easy how to know if we have data to read. 02:29.390 --> 02:37.460 We simply need to check if the result we get from the sale of illegal function is greater, strictly 02:37.460 --> 02:39.020 greater than zero. 02:39.410 --> 02:39.730 OK. 02:41.340 --> 02:47.410 If there is no data, this will give you zero, if you have some data, you will get a positive number. 02:47.970 --> 02:50.690 And from there, we can read the data. 02:50.940 --> 02:52.870 This is a two step process. 02:52.890 --> 02:55.580 First to check if there is something valuable data. 02:55.800 --> 03:01.890 And then you read the data and I'm going to show you a few different functions you can use to read the 03:01.890 --> 03:02.190 data. 03:02.220 --> 03:09.220 So let's say you expect an integer, let's limit var for viable if this is just a test for this. 03:09.450 --> 03:18.960 Listen, if you wait for an integer, you can use the function of that bus int. 03:20.330 --> 03:28.250 OK, so this will read the data from the sale and it will pass it as an integer and return an integer, 03:28.580 --> 03:31.790 but you have an eight day like a.. 03:32.210 --> 03:36.140 Once you have this value, you can do whatever you want with it. 03:36.500 --> 03:41.990 So, for example, we could just reprint the value, the standard print and then. 03:43.390 --> 03:44.050 Winterville. 03:44.680 --> 03:47.170 OK, so what have we done with this program? 03:47.230 --> 03:49.650 Well, this is a simple eco program. 03:50.110 --> 03:58.060 So you send the data and the science monitor here and then we receive the data and it will print the 03:58.060 --> 03:58.380 data. 03:58.390 --> 04:01.520 So the data you sent here, you will receive it here. 04:02.140 --> 04:03.100 So let's make a try. 04:03.790 --> 04:05.560 We are going to upload the program. 04:07.410 --> 04:13.200 Well, make sure the problem is that the to the army and then so I'm going to send a no let's say send 04:13.200 --> 04:17.660 40 to a press, enter and I see 42. 04:18.140 --> 04:20.050 OK, so what happened in the program? 04:21.090 --> 04:23.910 So first we initialize this condition, right? 04:24.090 --> 04:25.620 Nine thousand six hundred. 04:25.620 --> 04:33.240 It's the same as here we enter the loop, then we check continuously very fast if there is some data 04:33.240 --> 04:34.430 available from the site. 04:34.450 --> 04:35.880 So of course, there is no data. 04:36.480 --> 04:43.440 I send the number 42, the original receives the data and now say ALDRED available gives a positive 04:43.440 --> 04:43.800 number. 04:43.810 --> 04:52.410 So we intend if the function Sialkot percent we read the data 42, put it inside it to the viable here 04:52.740 --> 04:54.410 and then we've sent the printer. 04:54.410 --> 04:57.420 Then we just send back the value. 04:57.870 --> 05:04.860 We received the contract with different numbers, etc. If we worked every time, if I said let's say 05:05.340 --> 05:06.000 on text. 05:07.190 --> 05:07.970 What happened? 05:09.020 --> 05:16.310 Is that this is not the number, OK, OK, the information will simply return to zero, so we will get 05:16.310 --> 05:16.730 to you. 05:16.910 --> 05:23.140 And now one important thing to check is the option here you have at the bottom of this one. 05:23.750 --> 05:28.040 So I have no line ending and this is what you should have. 05:28.580 --> 05:35.170 This option is actually what the science monitor will do once you send an information here. 05:35.630 --> 05:40.630 So with no line and we just send the data just like you writing. 05:41.150 --> 05:49.310 But if you have a new line, let's say I have the new option and I send for it to again and oh, we 05:49.310 --> 05:51.170 have for it, but we have zero of. 05:53.020 --> 05:56.700 Delights in another number, seven and zero. 05:57.690 --> 06:04.200 But what happened here, what happened is that when you send a number, so if they send it to new line, 06:04.200 --> 06:08.430 we add a new line character, the new line character is backslash. 06:08.470 --> 06:15.840 And so this is what will be sent to the area and the admin when we first read in the number forty two. 06:16.170 --> 06:21.520 And then it will read this character, which will be evaluated to zero. 06:21.870 --> 06:25.200 So that's why you have the first character and then zero. 06:26.010 --> 06:32.190 OK, so you have a new line, you have courage written and both new and I encourage written. 06:32.760 --> 06:35.020 Make sure you select no line ending. 06:35.040 --> 06:40.620 So when you send a number, you just have the number and not an additional zero. 06:40.650 --> 06:46.100 OK, this is a quite common error you can get in your programs and you know how to solve that. 06:46.230 --> 06:50.420 So now let's make a few experiments so we have an integer. 06:50.550 --> 06:52.260 Let's say I want to send the big number. 06:52.330 --> 06:57.960 So, you know, integer, the max value of integer is a thirty thousand something. 06:57.960 --> 06:59.280 You don't need to be very precise. 06:59.280 --> 07:01.470 You just need to know it's in that range. 07:01.710 --> 07:04.740 Let's say you want to send fifty dollars. 07:05.080 --> 07:13.350 I'm just going to press enter and oh we don't get fifty thousand, we get minus fifteen thousand five 07:13.350 --> 07:14.340 hundred and thirty six. 07:14.730 --> 07:18.300 This is because the integer here as overflowed. 07:18.630 --> 07:20.760 So we have reached the maximum value. 07:20.760 --> 07:27.630 And then what happened is that the value went back to the minimum and that's where you have a weird 07:27.630 --> 07:28.330 number here. 07:28.980 --> 07:33.450 So if you want to receive a larger number, you need to use long. 07:36.710 --> 07:42.710 So let's send fifty thousand again and you will get the correct value. 07:43.190 --> 07:51.830 OK, so you can receive integer long numbers, but you can also receive double float data type. 07:52.250 --> 07:57.080 And to do that, instead of just means you will use Barth's float. 07:57.440 --> 08:01.000 And it's quite easy not to make a mistake because this will turn. 08:01.050 --> 08:01.580 All right. 08:02.060 --> 08:03.140 Let's blow this. 08:04.570 --> 08:12.880 And let's see, three point fourteen and we get the correct value, if I just sent an integer number, 08:13.480 --> 08:18.470 you will see we have an integer, but this is actually represented as a float number. 08:18.490 --> 08:20.940 OK, forty two point zero. 08:21.370 --> 08:23.800 So you have bus and bus float. 08:24.250 --> 08:27.720 And if you want to send a string, well, this is a bit different. 08:27.730 --> 08:30.010 You have to use three train. 08:31.200 --> 08:35.190 And of course, the data types would be drawing with a case. 08:36.150 --> 08:37.140 Let's try this. 08:39.670 --> 08:43.450 And let's send hello from the computer. 08:46.190 --> 08:53.690 And we get hello from the computer, though that is quite convenient, but it does float and stream. 08:54.590 --> 09:00.200 Make sure you have the correct data type and then you can process the data and whatever you want in 09:00.200 --> 09:00.800 your program. 09:01.130 --> 09:03.220 OK, just one thing I want to show you. 09:03.230 --> 09:05.120 I'm just going to send back some text. 09:06.360 --> 09:13.500 And just pay attention to the duration between the time when I send the data and the time when it is 09:13.500 --> 09:16.120 printed here, I'm pressing. 09:16.140 --> 09:17.220 And right now. 09:18.210 --> 09:22.680 And you can see here the text the is after about one. 09:23.190 --> 09:26.370 OK, one time again, a press enter. 09:27.960 --> 09:29.570 And it's not directly here. 09:29.680 --> 09:33.660 OK, it's here after but one again, and why is that? 09:34.020 --> 09:36.770 This is because of the Celil time out. 09:37.200 --> 09:40.720 So there is a time out for this terrible communication. 09:40.740 --> 09:41.700 What is the time out? 09:41.700 --> 09:47.390 Basically, when you do pass into past float or restring for those functions, for example. 09:47.730 --> 09:52.530 So I will try to read and interpret the data. 09:52.830 --> 10:00.150 And because it has a time out of once again, it will simply wait one complete so it can receive all 10:00.150 --> 10:03.870 the information and then pass that information. 10:04.180 --> 10:11.160 So these just in case the data is not just arriving at the same time and is a little bit delayed, which 10:11.160 --> 10:13.770 can happen with any kind of communication. 10:13.950 --> 10:22.800 But here for our use cases where we just send one piece of text or one integer, one float, and that 10:22.800 --> 10:24.660 is send off very, very rapidly. 10:24.690 --> 10:35.160 OK, so in order to reduce the time that is spent here on that function, we can do scenario that sit. 10:36.660 --> 10:46.680 Time out again, turns around and said, time out in milliseconds, so the default one is one thousand 10:46.770 --> 10:55.200 milliseconds next, but simply 10 milliseconds, it means that when we use the string function, this 10:55.200 --> 10:57.300 will simply wait for 10 milliseconds. 10:57.660 --> 11:03.470 To be sure, we received all the data and after ten milliseconds, any new data would be discarded. 11:03.870 --> 11:10.050 But that's not a problem because when we send it here, the data will take less than 10 minutes to write. 11:10.380 --> 11:14.790 So in this case, we will save almost one segment when using that function. 11:14.970 --> 11:21.210 And one important thing is that first, so you do say at the beginning and it's the set time out, you 11:21.210 --> 11:27.030 just do that once after saying, you know, let's apply the program. 11:28.840 --> 11:35.810 And I'm just going to write some text again and I press enter and you can see the text here. 11:36.000 --> 11:37.900 There's almost immediately. 11:38.990 --> 11:42.510 Another time, OK, almost immediately. 11:42.530 --> 11:50.330 In fact, it appears with a ten minute delay, and that is the same, so the time out will be the same 11:50.330 --> 11:55.290 for the restringing, for bus float and for bus introductions. 11:55.580 --> 11:55.970 All right. 11:55.970 --> 12:02.570 So now you know how to receive and read the data from the cell communication on your arm in the world. 12:03.140 --> 12:08.640 And just to show you how you can work with cell communication on Dinko Cazzo for the simulation. 12:09.020 --> 12:11.600 Well, you have seen that in the science monitor here. 12:11.600 --> 12:17.080 You would just see the data when you have and print print Allen, for example. 12:17.510 --> 12:22.790 And here is actually where you will send data from the computer to the. 12:23.770 --> 12:27.050 So that's quite similar to what you have with the science monitor. 12:27.050 --> 12:38.300 With the two here is the same could have used to just done the simulation here to send a piece of string. 12:38.990 --> 12:41.030 And so it goes to the other. 12:41.030 --> 12:45.530 No, and then they are printed and you can see yellow on the side of Moniteau.