WEBVTT 0 00:00.390 --> 00:03.970 All right, so the next challenge gets a little bit harder. 1 00:04.110 --> 00:10.200 It's like we're doing our sit ups now. In this challenge, you're going to be drawing a triangle, square, 2 00:10.200 --> 00:13.950 pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon, nonagon, and decagon. 3 00:14.220 --> 00:21.180 So from three-sided shape to ten-sided shape and each of those shapes is going to be drawn with a random 4 00:21.180 --> 00:26.340 color, and each of the sides are going to be 100 in terms of length, 5 00:26.700 --> 00:34.470 and the final outcome should look something like this. All of these shapes overlaid on each other and 6 00:34.470 --> 00:36.390 drawn out in sequence. 7 00:37.140 --> 00:42.900 So you'll have to think a little bit about this because we know that a square has 90-degree angles. 8 00:43.230 --> 00:48.980 So we could get our robot to go forwards and then turn right 90 degrees and then go forwards again. 9 00:49.470 --> 00:51.430 But what about a Pentagon? 10 00:51.690 --> 00:52.890 Well, a pentagon, 11 00:52.890 --> 00:56.210 each of the corners has a 72 degree angle. 12 00:57.390 --> 00:59.330 So what's the actual relationship? 13 00:59.340 --> 01:00.570 How can we work this out? 14 01:01.110 --> 01:05.700 Well, we know that to turn a full circle, it's 360 degrees. 15 01:06.150 --> 01:14.370 So the way you work out the angle of each of these shapes is by dividing 360 by the number of sides. 16 01:14.730 --> 01:17.410 So 360 divided by five is 72. 17 01:17.490 --> 01:20.700 So each of the corners is 72 degrees. 18 01:21.570 --> 01:27.000 Using this knowledge and what you've learned about Turtle, go ahead and see if you can complete this 19 01:27.000 --> 01:27.570 challenge. 20 01:27.750 --> 01:29.400 Pause video now and give it a go. 21 01:32.880 --> 01:36.840 All right, so I'm going to delete the previous code and we're going to write the code that's going 22 01:36.840 --> 01:43.560 to draw all of these shapes. The first thing I want to do is I want to put down that equation. So we 23 01:43.560 --> 01:51.550 know that if we have 360 degrees divided by the number of sides, then we get the angle, right? 24 01:51.780 --> 01:55.620 So let's save that into a variable called angle. 25 01:56.520 --> 02:02.840 And then all we have to do is to get our robot to go forwards 26 02:04.350 --> 02:13.800 by 100, we said. And then to get it to turn right and the angle that it's going to turn right by is 27 02:13.800 --> 02:16.320 the one that we defined at the top there. 28 02:17.010 --> 02:22.680 So then we just need this to be repeated for as many times as we have number of sides. 29 02:23.580 --> 02:25.830 So we could create a for loop, for example. 30 02:27.520 --> 02:31.120 And the range is going to take into account the number of sites. 31 02:32.650 --> 02:39.520 So now if the number of sites is equal to let's say five, let's say we're trying to draw a pentagon, 32 02:40.090 --> 02:42.050 then this would be the code. 33 02:42.640 --> 02:44.170 So let's shift that along. 34 02:44.530 --> 02:47.200 And now if we go ahead and run this code, 35 02:48.680 --> 02:56.900 you can see it draws us a pentagon, a five-sided shape. So how can we get this loop to run for the 36 02:56.900 --> 02:58.220 different sides? 37 02:58.700 --> 03:07.550 How can we get it to go from a three-sided shape, a triangle, all the way to a ten-sided shape, a decagon? 38 03:08.780 --> 03:13.220 To do this, instead of setting the number of sides statically like this, 39 03:13.530 --> 03:16.700 why don't we create a function? Let's call it draw_shape. 40 03:17.270 --> 03:24.470 And this function is going to take the number of sides that this shape has as an input. 41 03:24.980 --> 03:29.660 And then the rest of this code can be indented inside the function. 42 03:30.260 --> 03:33.890 And it probably makes sense to only calculate the angle once 43 03:34.130 --> 03:39.080 when we need to draw the shape because for the given number of sides, that angle is going to be the 44 03:39.080 --> 03:41.340 same across the entire shape. 45 03:42.500 --> 03:48.950 For example, if it was a square then we're going to go from one to four drawing this four times. 46 03:49.700 --> 03:56.960 So now later on, we can define another for loop and this for loop is going to go through all of the 47 03:56.960 --> 03:59.270 different number of sides that we need. 48 03:59.870 --> 04:06.560 Now, if we want a range of numbers between 3 and 10, we actually need to write the function 3, 49 04:06.560 --> 04:10.700 11, because the stop number is excluded 50 04:10.710 --> 04:14.150 so it'll stop at 10. As we loop through this range. 51 04:14.570 --> 04:21.010 this shape_side_n is going to take on the value depending on where we are in the range. 52 04:21.350 --> 04:26.630 So when we're first drawing this, we're going to draw a triangle with three sides so then we can pass 53 04:26.630 --> 04:33.380 this shape_side_n into our draw_shape function and that should go from 3 to 10. 54 04:33.920 --> 04:40.970 So let's run our code and see it draw our triangle first and then our square and then it just keeps 55 04:40.970 --> 04:44.000 on going until it draws all of the shapes that we need. 56 04:45.020 --> 04:51.030 Now, the very last part of the challenge is to make each of the lines a different random color. 57 04:51.560 --> 04:53.090 So how can we do this? 58 04:54.440 --> 04:59.270 So, of course, we're going to go to our good friend Google and we're going to search for the turtle 59 04:59.270 --> 05:01.140 colors in Python. 60 05:01.370 --> 05:08.510 I first tried to Google this without the python, and I got the different colors of various turtles, 61 05:08.840 --> 05:10.280 which was really fascinating 62 05:10.280 --> 05:11.980 but that's not what I wanted. 63 05:12.560 --> 05:14.270 So if we take a look at the first link 64 05:14.630 --> 05:21.260 this comes from a website called Trinket, and it has this interactive color palette where you can select 65 05:21.260 --> 05:27.740 one of these colors that you like and then you'll get the turtle name, which then you can copy and 66 05:27.740 --> 05:30.230 paste into maybe a list. 67 05:30.740 --> 05:31.910 Let's call it colors. 68 05:34.180 --> 05:39.940 And you can put as many colors into this palette as you want, and you can make it as extensive or as 69 05:39.940 --> 05:41.200 short as you want it to be. 70 05:41.860 --> 05:44.490 So here's a list that I created earlier. 71 05:44.950 --> 05:55.990 And now, if we go ahead and set our turtle's color, so let's go ahead and get Tim and set his color to 72 05:56.020 --> 06:03.160 a random color from this list which we know to be as simple as simply importing the random module 73 06:03.550 --> 06:06.880 and then we can get hold of the random. choice 74 06:07.240 --> 06:14.080 and then inside that method, we can pass in our list of colors so that it picks a random color from 75 06:14.080 --> 06:14.680 that list. 76 06:15.280 --> 06:16.990 So now let's run it again, 77 06:16.990 --> 06:23.860 and you can see each time the shape is being drawn it's picking a random color from our list of colors. 78 06:24.610 --> 06:25.680 So there you have it. 79 06:26.020 --> 06:28.680 That's the solution to this challenge. 80 06:29.140 --> 06:34.330 And this was a little bit more challenging I would say because we're doing functions and loops and 81 06:34.330 --> 06:37.780 you have to get hold of some colors and you have to figure all of that out. 82 06:38.050 --> 06:42.700 But hopefully you've managed just fine and you're ready to move on to the next challenge.